1883
Information about 1883
| Centuries: | 18th century - 19th century - 20th century |
| Decades: | 1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s |
| Years: | 1880 1881 1882 - 1883 - 1884 1885 1886 |
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| Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - |
| Art - Literature - Music - Science |
| Sports - Rail Transport |
| Countries: Australia - Canada - Ireland - |
| Mexico - South Africa - U.S. - UK |
| Leaders: State leaders - Colonial governors |
| Category: - |
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Events of 1883
January - March
February 16: Ladies Home Journal begins (photo 1906).
- January 10 - A fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee kills 73.
- January 16 - The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil service, is passed.
- January 19 - The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service (Roselle, New Jersey) It was built by Thomas Edison.
- February 16 - Ladies Home Journal is published for the first time.
- February 23 - Alabama becomes the first U.S. state to enact an antitrust law.
- February 28 - The first vaudeville theater is opened, in Boston, Massachusetts.
- March - The Star of the Sea College is founded in Elsternwick, Victoria by the Irish Presentation Sisters.
- March 5 - Gloucester City A.F.C. is formed.
April - June
May 24: Brooklyn Bridge is opened.
- May 24 - Brooklyn Bridge is opened to traffic after 13 years of construction.
- May 30 - In New York City, a rumor that the Brooklyn Bridge was going to collapse causes a stampede which crushes twelve people.
- June 16 - Victoria Hall Disaster: A rush for treats results in 183 children being asphyxiated in a concert hall in Sunderland, England.
- June 30 - First appearance of The Black Arrow by Robert Louis Stevenson as a serial in Young Folks; A Boys' and Girls' Paper of Instructive and Entertaining Literature. Stevenson would complete the novel at the end of summer in France.
July - September
- July 3 - SS Daphne disaster in Glasgow leaves 124 dead.
- July 4 - Worlds first rodeo held in Pecos, TX.
- July 22 - Zulu king Cetshwayo barely escapes rebel attack with his life.
- August - King William's College is opened on the Isle of Man.
- August 12 - The last quagga dies at the Artis Magistra zoo in Amsterdam.
- August 26-28 - Krakatoa (Krakatau) volcano erupts 5:30 (local time): 163 villages are destroyed, 36,380 dead.
- September 15
- The Bombay Natural History Society is founded.
- University of Texas at Austin opens to students.
- September 29 - A consortium of flour mill operators in Minneapolis, Minnesota form the Minneapolis, Sault Ste. Marie and Atlantic Railway as a means to get their product to the Great Lakes ports but avoid the high tariffs of Chicago.
October - December
- October 1 - Sydney Boys High School is founded in Sydney, Australia. It is the first boys public school in Australia.
- October 4
- The Boys' Brigade is founded in Glasgow, Scotland. It is the first Uniformed Youth Organisation in existence.
- The Orient Express begins operation.
- October 15 - The Supreme Court of the United States declares part of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 to be unconstitutional since the Court allowed private individuals and corporations to discriminate based on race.
- October 20 - Peru and Chile signed the Treaty of Ancón, by which the Tarapacá province was ceded to the latter, bringing an end to Peru's involvement in the War of the Pacific.
- October 24 - Cardiff University, Wales, opens (under the name of University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire)
- October 30 - Two Clan na Gael dynamite bombs explode in the London underground, injuring several people. Next day Home Secretary Vernon Harcourt drafts 300 policemen to guard the underground and introduces the Explosives Bill. Public continues as before.
- November 1 - Amsterdam: The first international colonial and export exhibition closed having had over 1 million visitors.
- November 3 - American Old West: Self-described "Black Bart the Po-8" gets away with his last stagecoach robbery, but leaves an incriminating clue that eventually leads to his capture.
- November 18 - US and Canadian railroads institute five standard continental time zones, ending the confusion of thousands of local times.
- November 28 - Whitman College is chartered as a four-year college in Walla Walla, Washington.
Undated
- Wolf's Head Society, known as "The Third Society" until 1888, founded at Yale University
- Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (German bacteriologist) discovers the cholera bacillus.
- Antoni Gaudí begins to build Sagrada Família cathedral.
- Houghton College is founded.
- Wagner College is founded.
- Baltimore Polytechnic Institute is founded.
- LIFE magazine is founded.
- The Black Arabs F.C is founded (now Bristol Rovers)
- Footscray Football Club is founded (now the Western Bulldogs).
- Duncan, Arizona is founded.
- Raith Rovers Football Club is founded
Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1883 MDCCCLXXXIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2636 |
| Armenian calendar | 1332 ԹՎ ՌՅԼԲ |
| Bah' calendar | 39 – 40 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2427 |
| Chinese calendar | 4519/4579-7-20 (壬午年七月二十日) — to — 4520/4580-6-30(癸未年六月三十日) |
| Coptic calendar | 1599 – 1600 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1875 – 1876 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5643 – 5644 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1938 – 1939 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1805 – 1806 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4984 – 4985 |
| Holocene calendar | 11883 |
| Iranian calendar | 1261 – 1262 |
| Islamic calendar | 1300 – 1301 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiji 0 (明治0年) |
| - Imperial Year | Kōki 2543 (皇紀2543年) |
| Julian calendar | 1928 |
| Korean calendar | 4216 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2426 |
January-July
- January 1
- Ichirō Hatoyama, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1959)
- Alberto Gerchunoff, Argentine writer (d. 1949)
- January 3 - Clement Attlee, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1967)
- January 5 - Döme Sztójay, prime minister of Hungary (d. 1946)
- January 6 - Khalil Gibran, Lebanese poet, painter, and novelist (d. 1931)
- January 10 - Francis X. Bushman, American actor (d. 1966)
- January 10 - Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoi, Russian writer (d. 1945)
- January 20 - Bertram Ramsay, British admiral (d. 1945)
- January 21 - Olav Aukrust, Norwegian poet (d. 1929)
- February 9 - Fritz August Breuhaus de Groot, German architect, interior designer and designer (d. 1960)
- February 15 - Sax Rohmer, English author (d. 1959)
- February 16 - Elizabeth Craig, British Writer (d. 1980)
- February 18 - Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek poet (d. 1957)
- February 22 - Marguerite Clark, American silent film actress (d. 1940)
- February 23
- Karl Jaspers, German philosopher (d. 1969)
- Victor Fleming, American film director (d. 1949)
- March 3 - Cyril Burt, educational psychologist (d. 1971)
- March 4 - Sam Langford, Canadian boxer (d. 1956)
- March 19
- Walter Haworth, British chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1950)
- Joseph Stilwell, American soldier (d. 1946)
- April 1 - Lon Chaney, Sr., American actor (d. 1930)
- April 11 - Hozumi Shigeto, Japanese author (d. 1951)
- April 15 - Stanley Bruce, eighth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1967)
- April 30 - Jaroslav Hašek, Czech writer (d. 1923)
- May 1 - Tom Moore, Irish actor (d. 1955)
- May 10 - Eugen Levine, Communist leader of Munich Soviet Republic (d. 1919)
- May 16 - Celal Bayar, Turkish politician, statesman and the third President of Turkey(d. 1986)
- May 18 - Walter Gropius, German architect (d. 1969)
- May 20 - King Faisal I of Iraq (d. 1933)
- May 23 - Douglas Fairbanks, American actor (d. 1939)
- May 31 - Lauri Kristian Relander, President of Finland (d. 1942)
- June 5 - John Maynard Keynes, English economist (d. 1946)
- June 7 - Sylvanus G. Morley, American scholar and World War I spy (d. 1948)
- June 21 - Lluís Companys i Jover, President of Catalonia (d. 1940)
- June 24 - Victor Franz Hess, Austrian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
- June 28 - Pierre Laval, Prime Minister of France (d. 1945)
- June 29 - Lothrop Stoddard, American eugenicist and racist (d. 1950)
July - December
- July 3 - Franz Kafka, Austrian writer (d. 1924)
- July 4 - Rube Goldberg, American cartoonist (d. 1970)
- July 29
- Porfirio Barba-Jacob, Colombian writer (d. 1942)
- Benito Mussolini, dictator of Italy (d. 1945)
- August 19
- Coco Chanel, French stylist (d. 1971)
- Elsie Ferguson, American actress (d. 1961)
- August 23
- Jesse Pennington, English footballer (d. 1970)
- Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright IV, American general (d. 1953)
- August 30 - Theo van Doesburg, Dutch artist, painter, architect, and poet (d. 1931)
- September 15 - Esteban Terradas i Illa, Catalan mathematician, scientist, and engineer (d. 1950)
- October 8 - Otto Heinrich Warburg, German physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
- October 26 - Paul Pilgrim, American athlete (d. 1958)
- November 4 - Nikolaos Plastiras, Greek general and politician (d. 1953)
- November 8 - Arnold Bax, English composer (d. 1953)
- November 11 - Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (d. 1969)
- November 18 - Carl Vinson, U.S. Congressman (d. 1981)
- November 25
- Harvey Spencer Lewis, American Rosicrucian mystic (d. 1939)
- Merrill C. Meigs, American newspaper publisher and aviation promoter (d. 1968)
- December 3 - Anton Webern, Austrian composer (d. 1945)
- December 13 - Belle da Costa Greene, librarian, bibliographer, archivist (d. 1950)
- December 14 - Morihei Ueshiba, Founder of the Martial Art Style Aikido (d. 1969)
- December 16 - Max Linder, French actor (d. 1925)
- December 22 - Edgard Varèse, French composer (d. 1965)
- December 25 - Maurice Utrillo, French artist and illustrator (d. 1955)
- probable - T. F. O'Rahilly, Irish academic (d. 1953)
- See also .
Deaths
January - June
- January 10 - Samuel Mudd, American doctor to John Wilkes Booth (b. 1833)
- January 23 - Gustave Doré, French artist (b. 1832)
- January 24 - Friedrich von Flotow, German composer (b. 1812)
- February 13 - Richard Wagner, German composer (b. 1813)
- February 15 - Prince Kwacho Hiroatsu of Japan (b. 1875)
- February 17
- Napoleon Coste, French guitarist and composer (b. 1806)
- Vasudeo Balwant Phadke, Indian revolutionary (b. 1845)
- March 14 - Karl Marx, German philosopher (b. 1818)
- April 4 - Peter Cooper, American Industrialist, inventor and philanthropist (b. 1791)
- April 16 - Charles II, Duke of Parma (b. 1799)
- April 30 - Edouard Manet, French painter (b. 1832)
- May 15 - Keelikolani, princess of Hawaii (b. 1826)
- May 26
- Abdel Kadir, Algerian leader (b. 1808)
- Edward Sabine, Irish astronomer (b. 1788)
July - December
- July 15 - General Tom Thumb, circus midget (b. 1838)
- July 22 - Edward Ord, U.S. Army officer (b. 1818)
- August 24 - Henri, comte de Chambord, pretender to the French throne (b. 1820)
- September 3 - Ivan Turgenev, Russian writer (b. 1818)
- October 30 - Robert Volkmann, German composer (b. 1815)
- December 13 - Victor de Laprade, French poet and critic (b. 1812)
- See also .
- Upper Paleolithic
- 10th millennium BC | 9th millennium BC | 8th millennium BC
- 7th millennium BC | 6th millennium BC | 5th millennium BC
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1820s 1830s 1840s - 1850s - 1860s 1870s 1880s
1850 1851 1852 1853 1854
1855 1856 1857 1858 1859
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
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1860 1861 1862 1863 1864
1865 1866 1867 1868 1869
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1840s 1850s 1860s - 1870s - 1880s 1890s 1900s
1870 1871 1872 1873 1874
1875 1876 1877 1878 1879
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1840s 1850s 1860s - 1870s - 1880s 1890s 1900s
1870 1871 1872 1873 1874
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1880 1881 1882 1883 1884
1885 1886 1887 1888 1889
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1880 1881 1882 1883 1884
1885 1886 1887 1888 1889
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1890 1891 1892 1893 1894
1895 1896 1897 1898 1899
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1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1890 1891 1892 1893 1894
1895 1896 1897 1898 1899
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1870s 1880s 1890s - 1900s - 1910s 1920s 1930s
1900 1901 1902 1903 1904
1905 1906 1907 1908 1909
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Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century
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1910 1911 1912 1913 1914
1915 1916 1917 1918 1919
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1877 1878 1879 - 1880 - 1881 1882 1883
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1877 1878 1879 - 1880 - 1881 1882 1883
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1878 1879 1880 - 1881 - 1882 1883 1884
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1878 1879 1880 - 1881 - 1882 1883 1884
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1879 1880 1881 - 1882 - 1883 1884 1885
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1879 1880 1881 - 1882 - 1883 1884 1885
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1881 1882 1883 - 1884 - 1885 1886 1887
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1881 1882 1883 - 1884 - 1885 1886 1887
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
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1882 1883 1884 - 1885 - 1886 1887 1888
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1882 1883 1884 - 1885 - 1886 1887 1888
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1883 1884 1885 - 1886 - 1887 1888 1889
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1883 1884 1885 - 1886 - 1887 1888 1889
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-1883- 1884 1885 1886 1887 . 1888 . 1889 . 1890 . 1891 . 1892 . 1893
In science: 1880 1881 1882 -1883- 1884 1885 1886
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In science: 1880 1881 1882 -1883- 1884 1885 1886
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-1883- 1884 . 1885 . 1886 1887 . 1888 . 1889 . 1890 . 1891 . 1892 .
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-1883- 1884 . 1885 . 1886 1887 . 1888 . 1889 . 1890 . 1891 . 1892 .
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-1883- 1884 1885 1886 1887 . 1888 . 1889 . 1890 . 1891 . 1892 . 1893
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-1883- 1884 . 1885 . 1886 1887 . 1888 . 1889 . 1890 . 1891 . 1892 .
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-1883- 1884 . 1885 . 1886 1887 . 1888 . 1889 . 1890 . 1891 . 1892 .
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1883 1884 1885 1886
18th century · 19th century · 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s
1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886
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18th century · 19th century · 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s
1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886
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This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 1883.
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Events
January events
- January 10 - The Columbus, Chicago and Indiana Central Railway enters bankruptcy and is sold at foreclosure.
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See also: 1882 in Australia, other events of 1883, 1884 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history.
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Incumbents
Governors
Governors of the Australian colonies:- Governor of New South Wales - Lord Augustus Loftus
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See also: 1882 in Canada, other events of 1883, 1884 in Canada and the Timeline of Canadian history.
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Events
- January 29 - William Smithe becomes premier of British Columbia, replacing Robert Beaven
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- Irish Cup
- :Winners: Cliftonville 5 - 0 Ulster
Births
- 29 January - Billy McCracken, footballer and football manager (d.1979).
- 2 August - Sam Irving, footballer and football manager (d.1968).
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