1891
Information about 1891
| Centuries: | 18th century - 19th century - 20th century |
| Decades: | 1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s |
| Years: | 1888 1889 1890 - 1891 - 1892 1893 1894 |
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| Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - |
| Art - Literature - Music - Science |
| Sports - Rail Transport |
| Countries: Australia - Canada - Ireland - |
| Mexico - South Africa - U.S. - UK |
| Leaders: State leaders - Colonial governors |
| Category: - |
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Events of 1891
January - March
- January 1 - Paying of old age pensions begins in Germany.
- January 20 - Jim Hogg becomes the first native Texan to be governor of that state.
- January 29 - Liliuokalani proclaimed Queen of Hawaii.
- January 31 - The Portuguese republican revolution broke out in the northern city of Porto.
- February 14 - In the FA Cup Quarter Final, a goal is deliberately stopped by handball on the goal line. An Indirect free kick is awarded, since the Penalty kick was proposed that year but not implemented. This event probably changed public opinion on the penalty kick, which was seen as 'an Irishman's motion' before. (See William McCrum.)
- February 15 - AIK was founded at Biblioteksgatan 8 in Stockholm by Isidor Behrens.
- February 21 - Springhill, Nova Scotia mining disaster.
- March 3 - The International Copyright Act of 1891 was passed by the 51st Congress of the U.S.
- March 9-12 - Powerful storm off England's south coast; 14 ships sink.
- March 12 - Djurgårdens Idrottsförening was founded at Alberget 4A in Stockholm by John Jansson.
- March 14 - In New Orleans, lynch mob storms the Old Parish Prison and lynches eleven Italians arrested but found innocent for the murder of Police Chief David Hennessey.
- March 17 - The British steamship SS Utopia sinks off the coast of Gibraltar, killing 574.
April - June
- April 1 - The Wrigley Company is founded in Chicago.
- May 1 - Nine killed and thirty wounded when troops fire on workers' May Day demonstration in support of eight-hour workday in Fourmies, France.
- May 5 - The Music Hall in New York (now known as Carnegie Hall) has its grand opening and first public performance, with maestro Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky as the guest conductor.
- May 11 - Otsu Scandal.
- May 15 - Roman Catholic Pope Leo XIII issues the encyclical "Rerum Novarum" resulting in the creation of many Christian Democrat Parties throughout Europe.
- May 20 - First public display of Thomas Alva Edison's prototype kinetoscope (shown at Edison's Laboratory for a convention of the National Federation of Women's Clubs).
- June 16 - John Abbott becomes Canada's third prime minister.
- June 21 - First long-distance transmission of Alternating current by the Ames power plant near Telluride, Colorado by Lucien and Paul Nunn.
July - September
- August 27 - France and Russia conclude defensive alliance.
- September 28 - The C.A. Peñarol is founded in Montevideo under the name of CURCC (Central Uruguay Railway Cricket Club)
October - December
- October 1 - In California, Stanford University opens its doors
- October 27 - An 8.0 earthquake strikes the village of Utsuzumi in rural Gifu, Japan, killing over 7,000 across the region and creating a 3-meter-tall surface fault that is still visible today
- December 29 - Thomas Edison patents the radio
Undated
- Building of The Trans-Siberian Railroad begins (ends 1917).
- The Brahmin teacher and nationalist, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, begins agitation for Indian home Rule.
- Civil War occurs in Chile.
- Maria Skłodowska (later Marie Curie enters Sorbonne University.
- New Scotland Yard becomes the HQ of London Metropolitan Police.
- Swiss Army Knife is developed.
- Eugène Dubois makes the first discovery of Homo erectus fossils in Dutch colony of Java.
- Winter - James Naismith invents basketball.
- The Tobacco Protest occurs in Iran.
- Oba Ovonramwen seizes the throne of Benin.
- Auckland University Students' Association is founded.
- Seattle University is established.
Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1891 MDCCCXCI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2644 |
| Armenian calendar | 1340 ԹՎ ՌՅԽ |
| Bah' calendar | 47 – 48 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2435 |
| Chinese calendar | 4527/4587-7-19 (庚寅年七月十九日) — to — 4528/4588-6-28(辛卯年六月廿八日) |
| Coptic calendar | 1607 – 1608 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1883 – 1884 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5651 – 5652 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1946 – 1947 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1813 – 1814 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4992 – 4993 |
| Holocene calendar | 11891 |
| Iranian calendar | 1269 – 1270 |
| Islamic calendar | 1308 – 1309 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiji 0 (明治0年) |
| - Imperial Year | Kōki 2551 (皇紀2551年) |
| Julian calendar | 1936 |
| Korean calendar | 4224 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2434 |
- The last documented living person born in 1891 was Emiliano Mercado del Toro, who died on January 24, 2007 at the age of 115.
January - June
- January 1 - Charles Bickford, American actor (d. 1967)
- January 7 - Zora Neale Hurston, Harlem Renaissance writer (d. 1960)
- January 8 - Walther Bothe, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 1957)
- January 27 - Ilya Ehrenburg, Russian writer (d. 1967)
- February 9 - Ronald Colman, English actor (d. 1958)
- February 11 - J.W. Hearne, English cricketer (d. 1965)
- February 21 - Sean Heuston, Irish rebel (d. 1916)
- February 27 - David Sarnoff, Russian-born broadcasting pioneer (d. 1971)
- March 10 - Sam Jaffe, American actor (d. 1984)
- March 19 - Earl Warren, Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1974)
- March 29 - Yvan Goll, French lyricist and dramatist (d. 1950)
- April 2 - Max Ernst, German painter (d. 1976)
- April 7 - Ole Kirk Christiansen, Founder of the Lego group (d. 1958)
- April 13 - Nella Larsen, American novelist (d. 1964)
- April 17 - George Adamski, Polish-born UFO traveler (d. 1965)
- April 23 - Sergei Prokofiev, Soviet composer (d. 1953)
- May 7 - Harry McShane, Scottish socialist (d. 1988)
- May 15
- Mikhail Bulgakov, Russian writer (d. 1940)
- Fritz Feigl, Austrian-born chemist (d. 1971)
- May 16 - Richard Tauber, Austrian tenor (d. 1948)
- May 18 - Rudolf Carnap, German philosopher (d. 1970)
- May 19 - Oswald Boelcke, German World War I pilot (d. 1916)
- May 22 - Eddie Edwards, American jazz trombonist (d. 1963)
- May 23 - Pär Lagerkvist, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
- May 24 - William F. Albright, American archeologist and Biblical scholar (d. 1971)
- June 9 - Cole Porter, American composer and songwriter (d. 1964)
- June 20 - John A. Costello, second President of Ireland (d. 1976)
- June 21 - Hermann Scherchen, German conductor (d. 1966)
- June 30 - Man Mountain Dean, American professional wrestler (d. 1953)
July - December
- July 5 - John Howard Northrop, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
- August 2 - Viktor Maksimovich Zhirmunsky, Russian literary historian, linguist (d. 1971)
- August 21 - Emiliano Mercado del Toro, Puerto Rican supercentenarian, World War I veteran (d. 2007)
- September 3 - Bessie Delany, African American physician and author (d. 1995)
- September 12 - Pedro Albizu Campos, advocate of Puerto Rican independence (d. 1965)
- September 14 - William F. Friedman, American cryptographer (d. 1969)
- September 16 - Karl Dönitz, President of Germany (d. 1980)
- September 16
- Stephanie von Hohenlohe, Austrian-born German World War II spy (d. 1972)
- Julie Winnefred Bertrand, Canadian supercentenarian (d. 2007)
- September 26 - Charles Munch, French conductor and violinist (d. 1968)
- September 28 - Myrtle Gonzalez, American film and stage actress (d. 1918)
- October 12 - Fumimaro Konoe, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1945)
- October 20 - James Chadwick, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
- October 24 - Rafael Leónidas Trujillo, dictator of the Dominican Republic (d. 1961)
- November 14 - Frederick Banting, Canadian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1941)
- November 15
- Vincent Astor, American philanthropist (d. 1959)
- Erwin Rommel, German field marshal (d. 1944)
- December 9 - Maksim Bahdanovič, Belarusian poet (d. 1917)
- December 10 - Nelly Sachs, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
- December 26 - Henry Miller, American writer (d. 1980)
- See also .
Deaths
January - June
- January 5 - Emma Abbott, American opera singer (b. 1849)
- January 16 - Léo Delibes, French composer (b. 1836)
- January 21 - Calixa Lavallée, Canadian composer (b. 1842)
- February 14 - William Tecumseh Sherman, American Civil War General (b. 1820)
- March 15 - Théodore de Banville, French writer (b. 1823)
- March 15 - Sir Joseph Bazalgette, English civil engineer (b. 1819)
- March 29 - Georges Seurat, French painter (b. 1859)
- April 2 - Ahmed Vefik Pasha, Turkish statesman (b. 1823)
- April 7 - P. T. Barnum, American showman (b. 1810)
- April 24 - Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, Prussian field marshal (b. 1800)
- April 25 - Nathaniel Woodard, educationalist (b. 1811)
- May 8 - Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Russian-born author and theosophist (b. 1831)
July - December
- July 4 - Hannibal Hamlin, Vice President of the United States (b. 1809)
- August 12 - James Russell Lowell, American poet and essayist (b. 1819)
- August 14 - Sarah Childress Polk, First Lady of the United States (b. 1803)
- August 29 - Pierre Lallement, French inventor of the bicycle (b. 1843?)
- September 11 - Antero de Quental, Portuguese poet (b. 1842)
- September 15 - Ivan Goncharov, Russian author (b. 1812)
- September 28 - Herman Melville, American novelist (b. 1819)
- October 6
- Charles I of Württemberg (b. 1823)
- Charles Stewart Parnell, Irish nationalist leader (b. 1846)
- October 15 - Gilbert Arthur a Beckett, English writer (b. 1837)
- October 23 - Ambrosius of Optina, Russian Orthodox saint (b. 1812)
- November 6 - J. Gregory Smith, Vermont governor (b. 1818)
- November 10 - Arthur Rimbaud, French poet (b. 1854)
- December 5 - Pedro II, Brazilian deposed emperor (b. 1826)
- See also .
- Upper Paleolithic
- 10th millennium BC | 9th millennium BC | 8th millennium BC
- 7th millennium BC | 6th millennium BC | 5th millennium BC
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The 18th Century lasted from 1701 through 1800 in the Gregorian calendar.
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The 19th Century (also written XIX century) lasted from 1801 through 1900 in the Gregorian calendar. It is often referred to as the "1800s...... Click the link for more information.
twentieth century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1901 and ended on December 31, 2000, according to the Gregorian calendar. Some historians consider the era from about 1914 to 1991 to be the Short Twentieth Century.
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list of decades which have articles with more information about them.
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1830s 1840s 1850s - 1860s - 1870s 1880s 1890s
1860 1861 1862 1863 1864
1865 1866 1867 1868 1869
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1830s 1840s 1850s - 1860s - 1870s 1880s 1890s
1860 1861 1862 1863 1864
1865 1866 1867 1868 1869
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1840s 1850s 1860s - 1870s - 1880s 1890s 1900s
1870 1871 1872 1873 1874
1875 1876 1877 1878 1879
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1840s 1850s 1860s - 1870s - 1880s 1890s 1900s
1870 1871 1872 1873 1874
1875 1876 1877 1878 1879
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1880 1881 1882 1883 1884
1885 1886 1887 1888 1889
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1880 1881 1882 1883 1884
1885 1886 1887 1888 1889
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1890 1891 1892 1893 1894
1895 1896 1897 1898 1899
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- The 1890s
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1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1890 1891 1892 1893 1894
1895 1896 1897 1898 1899
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- The 1890s
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1870s 1880s 1890s - 1900s - 1910s 1920s 1930s
1900 1901 1902 1903 1904
1905 1906 1907 1908 1909
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1870s 1880s 1890s - 1900s - 1910s 1920s 1930s
1900 1901 1902 1903 1904
1905 1906 1907 1908 1909
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Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1880s 1890s 1900s - 1910s - 1920s 1930s 1940s
1910 1911 1912 1913 1914
1915 1916 1917 1918 1919
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1880s 1890s 1900s - 1910s - 1920s 1930s 1940s
1910 1911 1912 1913 1914
1915 1916 1917 1918 1919
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Events and trends
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Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1890s 1900s 1910s - 1920s - 1930s 1940s 1950s
1920 1921 1922 1923 1924
1925 1926 1927 1928 1929
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1890s 1900s 1910s - 1920s - 1930s 1940s 1950s
1920 1921 1922 1923 1924
1925 1926 1927 1928 1929
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Twenty-first century
- 2100 - 2099 - 2098 - 2097 - 2096 - 2095 - 2094 - 2093 - 2092 - 2091
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8th century - 9th century - 10th century
850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s
885 886 887 - 888 - 889 890 891
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850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s
885 886 887 - 888 - 889 890 891
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19th century - 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1886 1887 1888 - 1889 - 1890 1891 1892
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1886 1887 1888 - 1889 - 1890 1891 1892
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1887 1888 1889 - 1890 - 1891 1892 1893
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1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1887 1888 1889 - 1890 - 1891 1892 1893
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1889 1890 1891 - 1892 - 1893 1894 1895
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1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1889 1890 1891 - 1892 - 1893 1894 1895
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1890 1891 1892 - 1893 - 1894 1895 1896
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1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1890 1891 1892 - 1893 - 1894 1895 1896
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1891 1892 1893 - 1894 - 1895 1896 1897
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1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1891 1892 1893 - 1894 - 1895 1896 1897
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-1891- 1892 1893 1894 1895 . 1896 . 1897 . 1898 . 1899 . 1900 . 1901
In science: 1888 1889 1890 -1891- 1892 1893 1894
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In science: 1888 1889 1890 -1891- 1892 1893 1894
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-1891- 1892 . 1893 . 1894 1895 . 1896 . 1897 . 1898 . 1899 . 1900 .
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-1891- 1892 . 1893 . 1894 1895 . 1896 . 1897 . 1898 . 1899 . 1900 .
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-1891- 1892 1893 1894 1895 . 1896 . 1897 . 1898 . 1899 . 1900 . 1901
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-1891- 1892 . 1893 . 1894 1895 . 1896 . 1897 . 1898 . 1899 . 1900 .
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-1891- 1892 . 1893 . 1894 1895 . 1896 . 1897 . 1898 . 1899 . 1900 .
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1891 1892 1893 1894
18th century · 19th century · 20th century
1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s
1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894
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18th century · 19th century · 20th century
1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s
1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894
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This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 1891.
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Events
April events
- April 19 - a fatal collision in Kipton, Ohio between a freight train and a passenger train, attributed to a faulty engineer's pocket watch which stopped for 4 minutes.
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1891 census results
NSW Vic Qld Tas SA NT WA Australia
1,123,954 1,139,840 393,718 315,533 146,667 49,782 4,898 3,174,392
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NSW Vic Qld Tas SA NT WA Australia
1,123,954 1,139,840 393,718 315,533 146,667 49,782 4,898 3,174,392
Sport
- Malvolio wins the Melbourne Cup
Births
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See also: 1890 in Canada, other events of 1891, 1892 in Canada and the list of 'years in Canada'.
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Events
- February 21 - The first Springhill Mining Disaster occurs killing 125.
- March 5 - Federal election: Sir John A.
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- Irish League
- :Winners: Linfield (first ever winners)
- Irish Cup
- :Winners: Linfield 4 - 2 Ulster
- Derry Olympic is founded. It joins the Irish Football League the next year, but only lasts one season.
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