2nd century

Information about 2nd century

The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. It is considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period

Early in the century, the Roman Empire attained its greatest expansion under the emperor Trajan, but after his death became primarily defensive for the rest of its history. Much prosperity took place throughout the empire, ruled as it was by the Five Good Emperors. This period also saw the removal of the Jews from Jerusalem during the reign of Hadrian after Bar Kokhba's revolt. The last quarter of the century saw the end of the period of peace and prosperity known as the Pax Romana at the death of the emperor Marcus Aurelius, last of the "Five Good Emperors", and the accession of his ineffective and deranged son Commodus.

Although the Han Dynasty of China was firmly cemented into power and extended its imperial influence into Central Asia during the first half of the century, by the second half there was widespread corruption and open rebellion. This set in motion its ultimate decline, until it was overthrown in 220.

Events

Enlarge picture
Pieces of Hadrian's Wall remain near Greenhead and along the route, though large sections have been dismantled over the years to use the stones for various nearby construction projects.

Significant persons

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

  • Cai Lun of China invents paper (c. 105)
  • Ptolemy compiles a catalogue of all stars visible to the naked eye. He also compiles three of the most influential books in western history:
*the Almagest which becomes the basis for western and Middle Eastern astronomy until the time of Copernicus and Kepler;
*the astrological treatise, Tetrabiblos;
*and the Geographia

Decades and Years

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2nd century
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Millennium Century
Before Christ / Before Common Era (BC/BCE)
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Anno Domini / Common Era (AD/CE)
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2nd century - 3rd century
70s  80s  90s  - 100s -  110s  120s  130s
98 99 100 - 101 - 102 103 104
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2nd century - 3rd century
170s  180s  190s  - 200s -  210s  220s  230s
197 198 199 - 200 - 201 202 203
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Julian calendar was a reform of the Roman calendar which was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC and came into force in 45 BC (709 ab urbe condita). It was chosen after consultation with the astronomer Sosigenes of Alexandria and was probably designed to approximate the
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Anno Domini (Latin: (In)The year of (Our) Lord[1]), abbreviated as AD or A.D., defines an epoch based on the traditionally reckoned year of the conception or birth of Jesus of Nazareth.
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Classical period can refer to the following:
  • The Classical Period of ancient Greece, which fell between its Archaic Period and Hellenistic Period.
  • Classical antiquity
  • Classical period of music
  • Classic stage of American archaeology

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:See also:

Historical Eras, or classification of history, culture, and such into thematic groups involving time, so as to generate a history by period
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The Roman Empire is the name given to both the imperial domain developed by the city-state of Rome and also the corresponding phase of that civilization, characterized by an autocratic form of government. This article however is about the latter.
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The Five Good Emperors is a term used by the 18th century historian, Edward Gibbon, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. The term was first used by Niccolò Machiavelli in Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio,
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Historical Jewish languages
Hebrew, Yiddish, Ladino, others
Liturgical languages:
Hebrew and Aramaic
Predominant spoken languages:
The vernacular language of the home nation in the Diaspora, significantly including English, Hebrew, Yiddish, and
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Jerusalem (Hebrew: יְרוּשָׁלַיִם   (help info ) , Yerushaláyim; Arabic:
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Hadrian
Emperor of the Roman Empire

Bust of Hadrian
Reign August 10 117-
July 10 138
Full name Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus
Born 24 January 76(76--)
Rome
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Bar Kokhba revolt (132–135) (Hebrew: מרד בר כוכבא‎) against the Roman Empire, also known as The Second Jewish-Roman War or
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Pax Romana, Latin for "the Roman peace" (sometimes Pax Augusta), was the long period of relative peace and minimal expansion by military force experienced by the Roman Empire between 27 BC and 180 AD.
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Marcus Aurelius (The Wise)
Emperor of the Roman Empire

Bust of Marcus Aurelius
Reign March 8, 161–169
(with Lucius Verus);
169–177 (alone);
177–17 March, 180
(with Commodus)
Full name (Caesar) Marcus
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The Five Good Emperors is a term used by the 18th century historian, Edward Gibbon, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. The term was first used by Niccolò Machiavelli in Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio,
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Commodus
Emperor of the Roman Empire

Commodus as
Hercules, Capitoline Museums
Reign 177–17 March 180
(with Marcus Aurelius);
18 March 180–
31 December 192 (alone)
Full name Lucius Aurelius Commodus Antoninus

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Han Dynasty (Traditional Chinese: 漢朝; Simplified Chinese: 汉朝
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This page contains Chinese text.
Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.
China (Traditional Chinese:
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Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. Though various definitions of its exact composition exist, no one definition is universally accepted. Despite this uncertainty in defining borders, it does have some important overall characteristics.
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The Five Good Emperors is a term used by the 18th century historian, Edward Gibbon, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. The term was first used by Niccolò Machiavelli in Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio,
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Marcus Cocceius Nerva was also the name of a Roman emperor


NERVA is an acronym for Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application. It was a nuclear thermal rocket.
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Hadrian
Emperor of the Roman Empire

Bust of Hadrian
Reign August 10 117-
July 10 138
Full name Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus
Born 24 January 76(76--)
Rome
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Marcus Aurelius (The Wise)
Emperor of the Roman Empire

Bust of Marcus Aurelius
Reign March 8, 161–169
(with Lucius Verus);
169–177 (alone);
177–17 March, 180
(with Commodus)
Full name (Caesar) Marcus
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List of forms of government
  • Anarchism
  • Aristocracy
  • Authoritarianism
  • Autocracy

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Aksum redirects here.


Aksum*
UNESCO World Heritage Site

State Party  Ethiopia
Type Cultural
Criteria i, iv
Reference
Region
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Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians) were a seminomadic people, originally from Central Asia, who from the AD 2nd century inhabited the steppe north of the Caucasus and the banks of river Itil (now Volga).
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Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. Physically and geologically, Europe is the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, west of Asia. Europe is bounded to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the west by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by the Mediterranean Sea,
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