American Philosophical Society
Information about American Philosophical Society
The American Philosophical Society is a discussion group founded in 1743 by Benjamin Franklin as an offshoot of his earlier club, the Junto. Through research grants, published journals, the upkeep of an extensive library, and regular meetings, the society continues to advance careful study in a wide variety of disciplines in the humanities and the sciences.
By 1746 the American Philosophical Society had lapsed into inactivity. In 1767, however, the Society was revived and united with the American Society for Promoting Useful Knowledge on January 2, 1769, adopting the name "American Philosophical Society Held at Philadelphia for Promoting Useful Knowledge" and electing Benjamin Franklin as the first president of the group.
After the end of the American Revolution, the Society looked for leadership to Francis Hopkinson, one of the signatories of the Declaration of Independence. Under his influence, the Society received land from the government of Pennsylvania, along with a plot of land in Philadelphia where Philosophical Hall now stands.
Illustrious names have continually added themselves to the APS's membership roster, showing the breadth and depth of the society's reach. People from such diverse interests and backgrounds as Charles Darwin, Robert Frost, Louis Pasteur, Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, John James Audubon, Linus Pauling, Margaret Mead, Maria Mitchell, and Thomas Edison became members of the Society. The Society continues to attract names of high renown today, with a current membership list (as of the April 2005 elections) of 920 members. There are 772 Resident members (citizens or residents of the United States) and 148 Foreign members representing more than two dozen countries.
History of the Society
From the beginning, the Society attracted some of America's finest minds. Early members included George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Paine, David Rittenhouse, Benjamin Rush, James Madison, and John Marshall. The Society also drew philosophers from other nations as members, including Alexander von Humboldt, the Marquis de Lafayette, Baron von Steuben, Tadeusz Kościuszko, and Yekaterina Romanovna Vorontsova-Dashkova.By 1746 the American Philosophical Society had lapsed into inactivity. In 1767, however, the Society was revived and united with the American Society for Promoting Useful Knowledge on January 2, 1769, adopting the name "American Philosophical Society Held at Philadelphia for Promoting Useful Knowledge" and electing Benjamin Franklin as the first president of the group.
After the end of the American Revolution, the Society looked for leadership to Francis Hopkinson, one of the signatories of the Declaration of Independence. Under his influence, the Society received land from the government of Pennsylvania, along with a plot of land in Philadelphia where Philosophical Hall now stands.
Illustrious names have continually added themselves to the APS's membership roster, showing the breadth and depth of the society's reach. People from such diverse interests and backgrounds as Charles Darwin, Robert Frost, Louis Pasteur, Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, John James Audubon, Linus Pauling, Margaret Mead, Maria Mitchell, and Thomas Edison became members of the Society. The Society continues to attract names of high renown today, with a current membership list (as of the April 2005 elections) of 920 members. There are 772 Resident members (citizens or residents of the United States) and 148 Foreign members representing more than two dozen countries.
Society awards
In 1786, the Society established the Magellanic Premium, a prize for achievement in "navigation, astronomy, or natural philosophy", the oldest scientific prize awarded by an American institution, which it still awards. Other awards include the Barzun prize for cultural history, Judson Daland Prize for Outstanding Achievement in Clinical Investigation, the Franklin medal, the Lashley award for neurobiology, the Lewis award, and the Jefferson medal for distinguished achievement in the arts, humanities, or social sciences.Society publications
The APS has published the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society since 1771. Currently five issues appear each year. The Proceedings have appeared since 1838: they publish the papers delivered at the biannual meetings of the Society. The Society has also published the collected papers of Benjamin Franklin, Joseph Henry, William Penn, and Lewis and Clark.External links
- The American Philosophical Society
- Notes on the American Philosophical Society from the Scholarly Societies project
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Junto was a club established in 1727 by Benjamin Franklin for mutual improvement in Philadelphia. Also known as the Leather Apron Club, its purpose was to debate questions of morals, politics, and natural philosophy, and to exchange knowledge of business affairs.
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The humanities are those academic disciplines which study the human condition using methods that are largely analytic, critical, or speculative, as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural and social sciences.
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Science (from the Latin scientia, 'knowledge'), in the broadest sense, refers to any systematic knowledge or practice.[1] Examples of the broader use included political science and computer science, which are not incorrectly named, but rather named according to
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George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799)[1][2] was a central, critical figure in the founding of the United States of America, as well as the nation's first president (1789–1797).
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John Adams, Jr. (October 30,1735 – July 4, 1826) served as America's first Vice President (1789–1797) and as its second President (1797–1801). He was defeated for re-election in the "Revolution of 1800" by Thomas Jefferson.
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Alexander Hamilton (January 11, 1755 or 1757–July 12, 1804) was an Army officer, lawyer, Founding Father, American politician, leading statesman, financier and political theorist. One of America's first constitutional lawyers, he was a leader in calling the U.S.
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Thomas Paine (Thetford, England, 29 January 1737 – 8 June 1809, New York City, USA) was a pamphleteer, revolutionary, radical, liberal and intellectual. Born in Great Britain, he lived in America, having migrated to the American colonies just in time to take part in the
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David Rittenhouse (April 8, 1732 – June 26, 1796) was a renowned American astronomer, inventor, mathematician, surveyor, scientific instrument craftsman, and public official.
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Dr. Benjamin Rush (December 24 1745 – April 19 1813) was a Founding Father of the United States. Rush lived in the state of Pennsylvania and was a physician, writer, educator, and humanitarian, as well as the founder of Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.
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James Madison (March 16 1751 – June 28 1836), was an American politician and the fourth President of the United States (1809–1817), and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
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John Marshall (September 24, 1755 – July 6, 1835) was an American statesman and jurist who shaped American constitutional law and made the Supreme Court a center of power.
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Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander Freiherr von Humboldt (September 14, 1769, Berlin – May 6, 1859, Berlin) was a Prussian naturalist and explorer, and the younger brother of the Prussian minister,
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Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, Lafayette (initially the Marquis de Lafayette till June 1790) (September 6, 1757 – May 20, 1834) was a French military officer and former aristocrat who participated in both the American and French revolutions.
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Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin Steuben, Baron von Steuben (* September 17, 1730; † November 28, 1794) was a German-Prussian General who served with George Washington in the American Revolutionary War and is credited with teaching the Continental Army the essentials
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Princess Yekaterina Romanovna Vorontsova-Dashkova (Russian: Екатери́на Рома́новна
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The word leadership can refer to:
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Francis Hopkinson (October 2, 1737–May 9, 1791), an American author, was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence as a delegate from New Jersey. His supporters believe he played a key role in the design of the first American flag.
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The United States Declaration of Independence was an act of the Second Continental Congress, adopted on July 4, 1776, which declared that the Thirteen Colonies in North America were "Free and Independent States" and that "all political connection between them and the State of
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Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
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Charles Robert Darwin
At the age of 51, Charles Darwin had just published On the Origin of Species.
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At the age of 51, Charles Darwin had just published On the Origin of Species.
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Robert Frost
Robert Frost (1941)
Born: March 26, 1874
San Francisco, California U.S.
Died: January 29, 1963
Boston, Massachusetts U.S.
Occupation: Poet
Genres: Robert Lee Frost (March 26, 1874 – January 29, 1963) was an American poet.
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Robert Frost (1941)
Born: March 26, 1874
San Francisco, California U.S.
Died: January 29, 1963
Boston, Massachusetts U.S.
Occupation: Poet
Genres: Robert Lee Frost (March 26, 1874 – January 29, 1963) was an American poet.
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Louis Pasteur (December 27 1822 – September 28 1895) was a French chemist best known for his remarkable breakthroughs in microbiology. His experiments confirmed the germ theory of disease, also reducing mortality from puerperal fever (childbed), and he created the first
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