Army of Missouri

Information about Army of Missouri

The Army of Missouri was an independent military command during the American Civil War within the Confederate States Army, created in late 1864 under the command of Maj. Gen. Sterling Price to invade Missouri. Price's Raid was unsuccessful, and his army retreated to Arkansas.

The Army traces its roots to the Missouri State Guard which was created in 1861 under Sterling Price to enforce Missouri's official stance at the beginning of the war of being an "armed neutral" not supporting either side in the conflict while staying in the Union. The Guard eventually became part of the Confederacy after engaging in skirmishes with the Union troops under Nathaniel Lyon who successfully removed elected Governor Claiborne Jackson and replaced him with a pro-Union government.

By the late summer of 1864, a good portion of the Union Army forces from Missouri had been reassigned eastward to aid in efforts to capture Atlanta and to help in other campaigns. The President of the Confederate States of America, Jefferson Davis had the War Department order E. Kirby Smith, commander of the Trans-Mississippi Department, to send his infantry across the Mississippi River to reinforce beleaguered Confederate troops in the east. However, Smith had alternative plans, desiring to "liberate" Missouri from Federal control, seizing the key cities of St. Louis and the state capital, Jefferson City and reinstating the Confederate governor and his supporters to power. Smith decided to send a large force of mounted infantry and cavalry under former Missouri governor Sterling Price to carry out his plan.

Price's "Army of Missouri" had three divisions, led by Maj. Gen. James F. Fagan, Maj. Gen. John S. Marmaduke and Brig. Gen. Joseph O. Shelby, all veterans of considerable previous combat. The column was accompanied by fourteen artillery pieces. Price was unable to procure enough small arms for his men, and nearly half left northeastern Arkansas on Friday, September 16, 1864, without weapons. After some initial success, Price's force was soundly defeated at the Battle of Westport by the pursuing Federal Army of the Border and forced to retreat. The Union troops won another victory at Newtonia, but failed to crush Price's army, which retired through Kansas and Indian Territory before heading on to eastern Texas to avoid additional Federal troops at Fort Smith, Arkansas. The remnants of Price's weary army finally returned to Arkansas on December 2, having lost about 6,000 men. The remains of the Army of the Missouri were absorbed into the Trans-Mississippi Army and Price commanded its Cavalry Corps from December 3, 1864, to March 12, 1865.

Instead of officially surrendering at the end of the Civil War in 1865, Price led many of his remaining men to Mexico in exile.

Commanders

Key battles

Battle of Fort Davidson (September 27, 1864)
Battle of Glasgow (October 15, 1864)
Second Battle of Lexington (October 19, 1864)
Battle of Little Blue River (October 21, 1864)
Second Battle of Independence (October 24, 1864)
Battle of Byram's Ford (October 22–23, 1864)
Battle of Westport (October 23, 1864)
Battle of Marais des Cygnes (October 25, 1864)
Battle of Mine Creek (October 25, 1864)
Battle of Marmiton River (October 25, 1864)
Second Battle of Newtonia (October 28, 1864)

References

  • Eicher, John H., & Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
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Armies of the Confederacy
Army of Mississippi 


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Missouri in the American Civil War
Pre-War:Missouri Compromise Dred Scott Decision Bleeding Kansas Armed Neutrality
1861:Missouri Constitutional Convention Liberty Arsenal St. Louis Arsenal Camp Jackson Affair Missouri State Guard Price-Harney Truce Grant's First Command Governor on the Run Battle of Boonville Battle of Carthage Gamble's Provisional Government Battle of Athens Battle of Wilson's Creek Frmont Martial Law Battle of Dry Wood Creek Platte Bridge Railroad Tragedy Sacking of Osceola Battle of Lexington I Battle of Liberty Battle of Fredericktown Missouri secession Battle of Springfield I Department of the Missouri Battle of Belmont Gratiot Street Prison Burning of Platte City Battle of Mount Zion Church
1862:Army of the West Battle of Roan's Tan Yard Battle of Island Number Ten Battle of Kirksville First Battle of Independence Battle of Lone Jack First Battle of Newtonia Palmyra Massacre Battle of Clark's Mill
1863:Battle of Springfield II Battle of Hartville Battle of Cape Girardeau Battle of Chalk Bluff General Order № 11
1864:Centralia Massacre Army of Missouri Price's Raid Battle of Fort Davidson Battle of Glasgow Battle of Lexington II Battle of Little Blue River Battle of Byram's Ford Second Battle of Independence Battle of Westport Battle of Marmiton River Battle of Newtonia II
Reconstruction:James-Younger Gang
American Civil War (1861–1865) was a major war between the United States (the "Union") and eleven Southern slave states which declared that they had a right to secession and formed the Confederate States of America, led by President Jefferson Davis.
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The Confederate States Army (CSA) was organized in February 1861 to defend the newly formed Confederate States of America from military action by the United States government during the American Civil War. As many as 1.4 million men fought in the Army throughout the war.
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1830s  1840s  1850s  - 1860s -  1870s  1880s  1890s
1861 1862 1863 - 1864 - 1865 1866 1867

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For the 17th century Cromwellian regime see Rule of the Major-Generals

Major General or Major-General is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of Sergeant Major General.
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Sterling "Old Pap" Price (September 20, 1809 – September 29, 1867) was an antebellum politician from the U.S. state of Missouri and a Confederate major general during the American Civil War.
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State of Missouri

Flag of Missouri Seal
Nickname(s): The Show Me State
''
Motto(s): Salus populi suprema lex esto
Before Statehood Known as
The Missouri Territory

Official language(s)
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Price's Missouri Expedition, known popularly as Price's Raid, was an 1864 Confederate cavalry raid through the Trans-Mississippi Theater in the American Civil War. Major General Sterling Price fought numerous battles in Missouri and Kansas before being defeated by Union
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State of Arkansas

Flag of Arkansas Seal
Nickname(s): The Natural State (current),
The Land of Opportunity (former)
Motto(s): Regnat Populus (The People Rule)

Official language(s) English


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The Missouri State Guard (MSG) was a state militia unit organized in the state of Missouri during the early days of the American Civil War. While not a formal part of the Confederate States Army, the state guard fought alongside Confederate troops and, at times, under regular
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Nathaniel Lyon (July 14, 1818 – August 10, 1861) was the first Union general to be killed in the American Civil War and is noted for his actions in the state of Missouri at the beginning of the conflict.

Lyon is a controversial figure in American history.
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Claiborne Fox Jackson (April 4, 1806 – December 6, 1862) was a lawyer, soldier, politician. He was Governor of Missouri in 1861, then governor-in-exile for the Confederacy during the American Civil War.

Early life

Jackson was born in Fleming County, Kentucky.
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The Union Army was the army that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. It was also known as the Federal Army, the Northern Army, or the National Army.[1]
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Atlanta, Georgia
Downtown Atlanta

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Nickname: Hotlanta,[1] The A-T-L[1]
Location in Fulton and DeKalb counties and the state of Georgia
Coordinates:
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The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) was the government formed by eleven southern states of the United States of America between 1861 and 1865.
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Jefferson Finis Davis (June 3, 1808 – December 6, 1889) was an American politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865 during the American Civil War.
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Edmund Kirby Smith (May 16, 1824 – March 28, 1893) was a career U.S. Army officer, an educator, and a general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, notable for his command of the Trans-Mississippi Department of the Confederacy after the fall of Vicksburg.
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Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War was the major military and naval operations west of the Mississippi River. The area excluded the states and territories bordering the Pacific Ocean, which formed the Pacific Coast Theater of the American Civil War.
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Mississippi River

Mississippi River in New Orleans.


Country | United States
States |
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St. Louis, Missouri

Flag
Seal
Nickname: Gateway City, Gateway to the West, or Mound City
Location in the state of Missouri
Coordinates:
Country
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Jefferson City, Missouri

Flag
Seal
Nickname: Jeff City, or JC

Coordinates:
Country United States
State Missouri
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division is a large military unit or formation usually consisting of around ten to twenty thousand soldiers. In most armies, a division is composed of several regiments or brigades, and in turn several divisions make up a corps.
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James Fleming Fagan (March 1, 1828 – September 1, 1893) was a planter, public official, and a major general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

Early life and career

James F. Fagan was born in Louisville, Kentucky.
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John Sappington Marmaduke (March 14, 1833 – December 28, 1887) was a Confederate general during the American Civil War, and was governor of Missouri from 1884 until his death in 1887.
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Brigadier General is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries, usually just above colonel and just below major general.

Brigadier general can trace its origins to the militaries of Europe where a brigadier general, or simply a brigadier, would command a brigade
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Joseph Orville Shelby (December 12, 1830 – February 13, 1897) was a noted Confederate cavalry general in the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War.

Early life and education


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September 16 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

Events

  • 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr declared Prince of Wales by his followers.

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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1830s  1840s  1850s  - 1860s -  1870s  1880s  1890s
1861 1862 1863 - 1864 - 1865 1866 1867

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Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -
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Battle of Westport, sometimes referred to as the "Gettysburg of Missouri," was fought on October 23 1864, in present-day Kansas City, Missouri, during the American Civil War. U.S. Army forces under Major General Samuel R.
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The Army of the Border was a Union army during the American Civil War. It was created from units in the Department of Kansas to oppose Sterling Price's Raid in 1864. Samuel R. Curtis was in command of the army throughout its duration.

Major General James G.
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Second Battle of Newtonia was fought on October 28, 1864, in Newton County, Missouri, as part of Major General Sterling Price's Missouri Expedition of the American Civil War.

Price's Confederate cavalry force was in full retreat following its expedition into Missouri.
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