artery of Adamkiewicz

Information about artery of Adamkiewicz

Artery: Artery of Adamkiewicz
Latinrami spinales arteriae vertebralis
Supplieslumbar enlargement of lower spinal cord[1]
Sourceabdominal aorta, vertebral artery
Branchesanterior spinal artery[2]
Dorlands/Elsevier r_02/12692029
In human anatomy, the Artery of Adamkiewicz is the largest anterior segmental medullary artery.

It has several other names, including Adamkiewicz artery, major anterior segmental medullary artery, artery of the lumbar enlargement,[3] great radicular artery of Adamkiewicz,[4] great anterior radiculomedullary artery[5] and great anterior segmental medullary artery.[6]

It typically arises from a left posterior intercostal artery, which branches from the aorta, and supplies the lower two thirds of the spinal cord via the anterior spinal artery.[7]

Anatomical variation

In a study of approximately 70 people that examined the spinal cord's blood supply it was found that[7]:
  1. The Adamkiewicz artery sometimes arises from a lumbar vessel.
  2. In approximately 30% of people it arises from the right side.
  3. One quarter of people have two large anterior segmental medullary arteries.

Clinical significance

When damaged or obstructed, it can result in anterior spinal artery syndrome,[8] with loss of urinary and fecal continence and impaired motor function of the legs; sensory function is often preserved to a degree.

It can be important to identify the location of the artery when treating an abdominal aortic aneurysm.[9] Its location can be identified with computed tomographic angiography.[10]

Eponym

It is named for Albert Adamkiewicz.[11][12][13]

References

1. ^ Milen MT, Bloom DA, Culligan J, Murasko K (1999). "Albert Adamkiewicz (1850-1921)--his artery and its significance for the retroperitoneal surgeon". World journal of urology 17 (3): 168–70. PMID 10418091. 
2. ^ Koshino T, Murakami G, Morishita K, Mawatari T, Abe T (1999). "Does the Adamkiewicz artery originate from the larger segmental arteries?". J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 117 (5): 898–905. PMID 10220681. 
3. ^ Biondi A, Ricciardi GK, Faillot T, Capelle L, Van Effenterre R, Chiras J (2005). "Hemangioblastomas of the lower spinal region: report of four cases with preoperative embolization and review of the literature". AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 26 (4): 936–45. PMID 15814949. 
4. ^ Luyendijk W, Cohn B, Rejger V, Vielvoye GJ (1988). "The great radicular artery of Adamkiewicz in man. Demonstration of a possibility to predict its functional territory". Acta neurochirurgica 95 (3-4): 143–6. PMID 3228004. 
5. ^ Nijenhuis RJ, Mull M, Wilmink JT, Thron AK, Backes WH (2006). "MR angiography of the great anterior radiculomedullary artery (Adamkiewicz artery) validated by digital subtraction angiography". AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 27 (7): 1565–72. PMID 16908582. 
6. ^ Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord -- Greathouse et al. 81 (6): 1264 -- Physical Therapy. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
7. ^ Takase K, Sawamura Y, Igarashi K, Chiba Y, Haga K, Saito H, Takahashi S. Demonstration of the artery of Adamkiewicz at multi- detector row helical CT. Radiology. 2002 Apr;223(1):39-45. PMID 11930046. Full Text.
8. ^ Wan IY, Angelini GD, Bryan AJ, Ryder I, Underwood MJ. Prevention of spinal cord ischaemia during descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2001 Feb;19(2):203-13. PMID 11167113.
9. ^ Yoshioka K, Niinuma H, Ohira A, Nasu K, Kawakami T, Sasaki M, Kawazoe K. MR angiography and CT angiography of the artery of Adamkiewicz: noninvasive preoperative assessment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. Radiographics. 2003 Sep-Oct;23(5):1215-25. PMID 12975511 Full Text
10. ^ Nojiri J, Matsumoto K, Kato A, et al (2007). "The Adamkiewicz artery: demonstration by intra-arterial computed tomographic angiography". European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery 31 (2): 249–55. DOI:10.1016/j.ejcts.2006.11.024. PMID 17182250. 
11. ^ Adamkiewicz AA. Die Blutgefässe des Menslichen Ruckenmarkes, II: Die Gefässe der Rückenmarksoberfläche. S B Heidelberg Akad Wiss.1882; 85:101–130.
12. ^ synd/2233 at Who Named It
13. ^ Kowalczyk J (2002). "Albert Wojciech Adamkiewicz and his artery". S. Afr. Med. J. 92 (9): 702. PMID 12382351. 

External links

Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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The lumbar enlargement (or lumbosacral enlargement) gives attachment to the nerves which supply the lower limbs.

It commences about the level of the ninth thoracic vertebra, and reaches its maximum circumference, of about 33 mm.
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spinal chord is a thin, tubular bundle of nerves that is an extension of the central nervous system from the brain and is enclosed in and protected by the bony vertebral column.
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The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. As part of the aorta, it is a direct continuation of descending aorta (of the thorax).

Path

It begins at the level of the diaphragm, crossing it via the aortic hiatus at the vertebral level of T12.
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The vertebral arteries are branches of the subclavian arteries.

Cervical

They arise, one on each side of the body, then enter deep to the transverse process of the level of the 6th cervical vertebrae (C6).
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In human anatomy, the anterior spinal artery is the blood vessel that supplies the anterior portion of the spinal cord. It arises from branches of the vertebral arteries and is supplied by the anterior segmental medullary arteries, including the artery of Adamkiewicz, and courses
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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Human anatomy is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body.[1] It is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy.[1]
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Each segmental medullary artery is a branch of the cervical part of the vertebral artery.[1]

The largest anterior segmental medullary artery is also known as the artery of Adamkiewicz.

They can join the anterior spinal artery.
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The posterior intercostal arteries are arteries that supply blood to the intercostal spaces.

There are eleven posterior intercostal arteries on each side.
  • The 1st and 2nd posterior intercostal arteries arise from the supreme intercostal artery, a branch of the

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The aorta (generally pronounced [eɪˈɔːtə] or "ay-orta") is the largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation.
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spinal chord is a thin, tubular bundle of nerves that is an extension of the central nervous system from the brain and is enclosed in and protected by the bony vertebral column.
..... Click the link for more information.
In human anatomy, the anterior spinal artery is the blood vessel that supplies the anterior portion of the spinal cord. It arises from branches of the vertebral arteries and is supplied by the anterior segmental medullary arteries, including the artery of Adamkiewicz, and courses
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spinal chord is a thin, tubular bundle of nerves that is an extension of the central nervous system from the brain and is enclosed in and protected by the bony vertebral column.
..... Click the link for more information.
The lumbar arteries are in series with the intercostals.

They are usually four in number on either side, and arise from the back of the aorta, opposite the bodies of the upper four lumbar vertebræ.
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Anterior spinal artery syndrome
Classification & external resources

Arteries of the brain, brain stem and upper spinal cord (anterior spinal artery at bottom)
ICD-10 I 65.8
ICD-9 433.
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Urinary incontinence
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 R 32.
ICD-9 788.3

DiseasesDB 6764
MedlinePlus 003142
eMedicine med/2781   Urinary incontinence: unintentional loss of urine.
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Fecal incontinence
Classifications and external resources

ICD-10 R 15.
ICD-9 787.6

Fecal incontinence is the loss of regular control of the bowels. Involuntary excretion and leaking are common occurrences for those affected.
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Abdominal aortic aneurysm
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 I 71.3 , I 71.4
ICD-9 441.3 , 441.4

OMIM 100070
DiseasesDB 792
MedlinePlus 000162
eMedicine med/3443   emerg/27 radio/1
MeSH D017544
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Benefits
  • CTA can be used to examine blood vessels in many key areas of the body, including the brain, kidneys, pelvis, and the lungs. The procedure is able to detect narrowing of blood vessels in time for corrective therapy to be done.

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digital object identifier (or DOI) is a permanent identifier given to a document, which is not related to its current location. A typical use of a DOI is to give a scientific paper or article a unique identifying number that can be used by anyone to locate details of the paper, and
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Who Named It? is an English-language dictionary of medical eponyms and the people associated with their identification. Though this is a dictionary, many eponyms and persons are presented in extensive articles with comprehensive bibliographies.
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The Collaborative Hypertext of Radiology (or "CHORUS") is a free medical reference database. It is based upon a system originally developed at the University of Chicago, but is currently maintained at the Medical College of Wisconsin.
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Arteries are muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.[1] All arteries, with the exception of the pulmonary and umbilical arteries, carry oxygenated blood.

The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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Torso is an anatomical term for the central part of the many animal bodies (including that of the human) from which extend the neck and limbs. It is sometimes referred to as the trunk. The torso includes the thorax and abdomen.
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human abdomen (from the Latin word meaning "belly") is the part of the body between the pelvis and the thorax. Anatomically, the abdomen stretches from the thorax at the thoracic diaphragm to the pelvis at the pelvic brim.
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The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. As part of the aorta, it is a direct continuation of descending aorta (of the thorax).

Path

It begins at the level of the diaphragm, crossing it via the aortic hiatus at the vertebral level of T12.
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The celiac artery, also known as the celiac trunk and also spelled as coeliac, is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta and branches from the aorta around the level of the T12 vertebra in humans.
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In human anatomy, the left gastric artery arises from the celiac artery, and runs along the superior portion of the lesser curvature of the stomach. Branches also supply the lower esophagus.
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In anatomy, the splenic artery (in the past called the lienal artery) is the blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the spleen. It branches from the celiac artery, and follows a course superior to the pancreas.
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