Basque music

Information about Basque music

Basque music
French music Spanish music
Other topics
Alboka - Musicians - Trikitixa - Txistu
The Basque language is unrelated to any other language family and its origins are unknown. Trikitixa is the most widespread and well-known form of Basque folk music, though there are also singer-songwriter and choir traditions.

Euskadi, or Basque Country, is home to a lively style of folk music called trikitixa, based on a diatonic accordion and tambourine. Kepa Junkera and Joseba Tapia are probably the most famous performers of trikitrixa accordion. There has been influences of Tejano artists like Flaco Jiménez.

Other Basque instruments are alboka, a difficult double clarinet played in circular breathing technique as Sardinian launeddas, the txalaparta wooden xylophone played by two players and txistu (a local tabor pipe).

There is also a tradition of choral music, like the Orfeón Donostiarra and Mocedades.

Basque artists singing in Spanish have a wider market sometimes reaching Spanish America, examples are Luis Mariano, Ainhoa, La Oreja de Van Gogh and Duncan Dhu. The French Basques have produced their own stars, including the choir Oldarra from Biarritz and the operatic singer Benat Achiary.

Other Basque artists singing in Basque include Anari (musician), Oskorri, Negu Gorriak, Benito Lertxundi, Mikel Laboa, Fermin Muguruza and Azala.

Txistu

Enlarge picture
A txistu
The txistu is a kind of recorder that became a symbol for the Basque folk revival. This three-holed recorder can be played with one hand, leaving the other one free to play a percussion instrument. In the 18th century, the txistu was adopted by the Count of Peñaflorida and his Basque Illustration cultural revival, and became a part of Basque aspirations for the nobility. The instrument was modified to give it a range of two octaves and a larger version called the silbote was created to accompany polyphonic compositions.

Rural txistu musicians continued their own traditions, while the urban txistularis formed schools to teach the instrument.

The oldest txistu melodies are characterized by a Mixolydian mode in G, which is the same as the seventh mode in Gregorian chanting. More recently-composed songs are still in G major, but in either natural or sharp F or, more rarely, C. There are exceptions, however, in major F melodies with natural B.

The Association of Txistularies in the Basque Country was formed in 1927 to promote txistularis. The organization has continued its activities to the present, except for an interruption during the Francisco Franco dictatorship.

Popular music

The Basque region has had a number of successful rock acts since the 1970s, including Kortatu, Negu Gorriak, Barricada, B.A.P.!!, Berri Txarrak, Peiremans, and Kashbad.

Samples

  • of "Lili bat ikhusi dut", a Basque-American folk song from the Library of Congress' California Gold: Northern California Folk Music from the Thirties Collection; performed by Francisco and Matias Etcheverry on September 11, 1940 in Fresno, California
  • Santa Agueda, traditional a capella song . (helpinfo)

Further reading

  • Khteian-Keeton, Teddy (1994). Guide to Basque Music. Idaho Arts Archives & Research Center Filer P. ISBN 0-9675042-0-1. 
  • Martija, José Antonio Aran (1985). Basque Music. Basque Government. ISBN 84-7568-071-2. 

External links

France has long been considered a centre for European art and music. The country boasts a wide variety of indigenous folk music, as well as styles played by immigrants from Africa, Latin America and Asia.
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For many people in the English-speaking world, Spanish music is virtually synonymous with flamenco, an Andalusian genre of music, but in fact this style is not representative of all Spain.
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The alboka is a double hornpipe or clarinet native to the Basque Country.

Although the alboka is a woodwind instrument, its name is derived from the Arabic "al-bûq" (البوق) (literally "the trumpet" or "the horn").
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trikitixa or eskusoinu ("hand sound") (pronounced, "tri-kí-ti-sha" with the accent on the "ki") is a two-row Basque diatonic button accordion, with right-hand rows keyed a fifth apart and twelve unisonoric bass buttons.
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 Basque}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Euskadi and Navarre (Spain)
Regulated by: Euskaltzaindia
Language codes
ISO 639-1: eu
ISO 639-2: baq (B)  eus (T)
ISO 639-3: eus


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trikitixa or eskusoinu ("hand sound") (pronounced, "tri-kí-ti-sha" with the accent on the "ki") is a two-row Basque diatonic button accordion, with right-hand rows keyed a fifth apart and twelve unisonoric bass buttons.
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Singer-songwriter is a term that refers to performers who write, compose, and sing their own material including lyrics, melodies, often providing the sole accompaniment to an entire composition or song.
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A choir, chorale, or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers.

A body of singers who perform together is called a choir or chorus. The former term is very often applied to groups affiliated with a church (whether or not they actually occupy the quire) and the
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Kepa Junkera (born 1965 in Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain) is a Basque musician and composer. A master of the trikitixa, the diatonic accordion, he has recorded 13 albums.

Discography

  • Infernuko Auspoa - Kepa, Zabaleta eta Motriku - (1986)
  • Triki Up

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Tejano (Spanish for "Texan") or Tex-Mex[1] music is the name given to various forms of folk and popular music originating among the Hispanic-descended Tejanos of Central and South Texas.
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Flaco Jiménez (born March 11, 1939) is a Tejano music legend from San Antonio, Texas. Jiménez's father, Santiago Jimenez Sr. was a pioneer of conjunto music. He plays the accordion. By the time he was seven years old, Flaco was performing with his father.
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The alboka is a double hornpipe or clarinet native to the Basque Country.

Although the alboka is a woodwind instrument, its name is derived from the Arabic "al-bûq" (البوق) (literally "the trumpet" or "the horn").
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The launeddas, triple clarinet or triplepipe is a typical Sardinian woodwind instrument, consisting of three pipes. It is polyphonic and played using circular breathing. An ancient instrument, dating back to at least the 8th century BC [1]
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The txalaparta is a specialized Basque music device of wood or stone, similar to Romanian toaca. In Basque, zalaparta (with z) means "noise".

Uses

Communication


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The three-hole pipe, also commonly known as tabor pipe is a wind instrument designed to be played by one hand, leaving the other hand free to play a tabor, bell, psalterium, bones, triangle or other percussive instrument.
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A choir, chorale, or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers.

A body of singers who perform together is called a choir or chorus. The former term is very often applied to groups affiliated with a church (whether or not they actually occupy the quire) and the
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Mocedades is a Spanish Basque singing group, probably best known for representing Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1973 with the song Eres Tú.

Group Formation


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Mariano Eusebio González y García (August 13 1914 - July 14 1970) aka Luis Mariano was a Spanish Basque popular tenor who reached celebrity in 1946 with « La belle de Cadix » (« The Beautiful Lady of Cadix ») an operetta by Francis Lopez.
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Ainhoa can refer to:
  • Ainhoa, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France
  • Ainhoa, a common name for women in the Basque Country, and it is the artistic name of Ainhoa Cantalapiedra, Spanish singer

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La Oreja de Van Gogh (Spanish: Van Gogh's Ear) is a Latin Grammy winner Spanish pop band from Donostia-San Sebastian. The name of the band references the famous impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh who cut off the lobe of his own ear.
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Duncan Dhu is a Spanish group created in San Sebastián in 1984. Their original members were Mikel Erentxun (former singer in "Aristogatos"), Diego Vasallo and Juan Ramón Viles (former members of "Los Dalton").
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Benat Achiary is a Basque vocal improviser who lives in southern France.

He has released three songs from Gherasim Luca's "heroes-limite" on his CD "Seven Circles for Peter", released by German label FMP in 2004.
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Anari (Ana Rita Alberdi) (born in 1970 in Azkoitia, Guipúzcoa) is a Basque singer/songwriter. She released her first album in 1997 and has established herself as an important reference point in the Basque and, by extension, Spanish music scene.
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Negu Gorriak (Basque for "Red Winters" or "Harsh Winters") is an underground Spanish rock group. Their musical style combines rock, hip-hop, and reggae. It is impossible, however, to separate the band from its political ideology and its identification with the Basque
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Mikel Laboa (born 1934) is a singer and songwriter from Pasaia, Basque Country, Spain. Mikel Laboa, a doctor and psychiatrist, is also one of the most respected figures in contemporary Basque song, and together with Benito Lertxundi has heavily influenced the younger generation.
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Fermin Muguruza (Irún, Guipúzcoa, Spain) is a Basque nationalist rock musician, singer, songwriter, producer and record label manager. In addition to his career in music, he stood for the European Parliament elections in a low position on the Herri Batasuna list (he was not
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The recorder is a woodwind musical instrument of the family known as fipple flutes or internal duct flutes — whistle-like instruments which include the tin whistle and ocarina.
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percussion instrument is any object which produces a sound by being hit with an implement, shaken, rubbed, scraped, or by any other action which sets the object into vibration. The term usually applies to an object used in a rhythmic context and/or with musical intent.
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The 18th Century lasted from 1701 through 1800 in the Gregorian calendar.

Historians sometimes specifically define the 18th Century otherwise for the purposes of their work.
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