Cardinal ligament

Information about Cardinal ligament

Latinligamentum cardinale, ligamentum transversum cervicis, ligamentum transversalis colli
subject #268 1261
Dorlands/Elsevier l_09/13541169
The cardinal ligament (or lateral cervical ligament, or transverse cervical ligament[1]) is at the base of the broad ligament of the uterus (though it is not usually considered one of the three traditional divisions of that ligament).

It is attached to the side of the cervix uteri and to the vault and lateral fornix of the vagina, and is continuous externally with the fibrous tissue which surrounds the pelvic blood vessels.

See also

References

1. ^ [1]

External links

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
 •  • [ e]
Female reproductive system
Ovaries/OogenesisGerminal epithelium • Tunica albuginea • cortex (Cumulus oophorus, Stroma) • Medulla
Follicles/Folliculogenesiscorpus (hemorrhagicum, luteum, albicans) • Theca folliculi (externa, interna) • Follicular antrum (Follicular fluid) • Corona radiata • Zona pellucida • Membrana granulosa (Granulosa cells)
LigamentsProper • Suspensory • Round • Broad (Mesovarium, Mesosalpinx, Mesometrium) • Cardinal
Fallopian tubesIsthmus • Ampulla • Infundibulum • Fimbria
Uteruscervix/neck (External orifice, Canal of the cervix, Internal orifice) • corpus/body (Cavity of the body, Fundus) • layers (Endometrium, Myometrium, Perimetrium)
VulvaMons pubis • Labium  (Labial commissures, Frenulum labiorum pudendi, Labia majora, Cleft of venus, Labia minora, Vulval vestibule, interlabial sulci) • Clitoris  (Clitoral hood , Clitoral glans, Frenulum clitoridis, Clitoral crura, Corpus cavernosa, Vestibular bulbs) • Vagina (Bartholin's glands, Bartholin's ducts, Skene's glands, Skene's ducts, Fossa of vestibule of vagina, Vaginal fornix, Hymen)
BreastMammary glands • Nipple • Areola • Lactiferous duct
OtherG-spot • Urethral sponge
Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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The broad ligament of the uterus is the wide fold of peritoneum that connects the sides of the uterus to the walls and floor of the pelvis. The name for the structure is misleading, because the term ligament typically refers to tissue that connects bones together.
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posterior fornix is the larger recess, behind the cervix. It is close to the rectouterine pouch.
  • There are two smaller recesses in front and at the sides:
  • the anterior fornix is close to the vesicouterine pouch.
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    • The uterine artery is an artery in females that supplies blood to the uterus.

    Structure

    The uterine artery usually arises from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery. It travels to the uterus, crossing the ureter anteriorly.
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    Intervention:


    ICD-10 code:
    ICD-9 code: 68.9

    Other codes: A hysterectomy (from the Greek word histera, meaning "womb") is the surgical removal of the uterus, usually performed by a gynecologist.
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    Pelvic splanchnic nerves or nervi erigentes are splanchnic nerves that arise from sacral spinal nerves S2, S3, S4 to provide parasympathetic innervation to the hindgut.
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    eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996 by Scott Plantz and Richard Lavely, two medical doctors. It was sold to WebMD in January 2006.
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    Dartmouth College is a private, coeducational university located in Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. Incorporated as "Trustees of Dartmouth College,"[6][7]
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    Dartmouth College is a private, coeducational university located in Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. Incorporated as "Trustees of Dartmouth College,"[6][7]
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    Public domain comprises the body of knowledge and innovation (especially creative works such as writing, art, music, and inventions) in relation to which no person or other legal entity can establish or maintain proprietary interests within a particular legal jurisdiction.
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    Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened) is an English-language human anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on the subject.
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    Sexual reproduction.


    The human female reproductive system contains two main parts: the vagina and uterus, which act as the receptacle for the male's sperm, and the ovaries, which produce the female's ova.
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    The reproductive system is the ensembles and interactions of organs and/or substances within an organism that strictly pertain to reproduction. As an example, this would include in the case of female mammals, the hormone estrogen, ova, and the uterus and the vagina, and the breasts.
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    For ovary as part of plants see ovary (plants)
    An ovary is an egg-producing reproductive organ found in female organisms. They are usually purple. It is often found in pairs as part of the vertebrate female reproductive system.
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    Oogenesis or rarely oögenesis is the creation of an ovum (egg cell). It is the female process of gametogenesis. It involves the various stages of immature ova.

    Oogenesis in mammals

    In mammals, oogenesis occurs in the ovarian follicle of the ovary.
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    The surface of the ovary is covered by a layer of columnar cells which constitutes the germinal epithelium of Waldeyer. (Some sources consider it simple cuboidal.[1]
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    On the surface of the ovary this tissue is much condensed, and forms a layer, the tunica albuginea, composed of short connective-tissue fibers, with fusiform cells between them.
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    cumulus oophorus( Latin cumulus=heap Greek or oo=egg phorus=carrying)discus proligerus, and in it the ovum is imbedded.

    External links

    • Organology at UC Davis Reproductive/mammal/ovary5/ovary3

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    The stroma of the ovary is a peculiar soft tissue, abundantly supplied with bloodvessels, consisting for the most part of spindle-shaped cells with a small amount of ordinary connective tissue.
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    The medulla of ovary (or Zona vasculosa of Waldeyer) is a highly vascular stroma in the center of the ovary.

    This stroma forms the tissue of the hilum by which the ovary is attached, and through which the bloodvessels enter: it does not contain any ovarian follicles.
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    Ovarian follicles are the basic unit of female reproductive biology, they are roughly spherical aggregations of cells found in the ovary. They contain a single oocyte (aka ovum or egg).
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    folliculogenesis is the maturation of the ovarian follicle, a densely-packed shell of somatic cells that contains an immature oocyte. Folliculogenesis describes the progression of a number of small primordial follicles into large preovulatory follicles
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    The corpus hemorrhagicum ("bloody body") is a temporary structure formed immediately after ovulation from the ovarian follicle. After the trauma heals, the subsequent structure is called the corpus luteum (which in turn becomes the corpus albicans before degenerating.
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    The corpus luteum (Latin for "yellow body") (plural corpora lutea) is a temporary endocrine structure in mammals, involved in the production of the progestogens which are needed for the maintenance of a pregnancy.
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    corpus albicans (Latin for "white body" ) is the regressed form of the corpus luteum. As the corpus luteum is being broken down by macrophages, fibroblasts lay down type I collagen, forming the corpus albicans. This process is called "luteolysis".
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    The theca folliculi comprise a layer of the ovarian follicles. They appear as the follicles become tertiary follicles.

    The theca are divided into two layers: theca interna and theca externa.
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    The theca folliculi comprise a layer of the ovarian follicles. They appear as the follicles become tertiary follicles.

    The theca are divided into two layers: theca interna and theca externa.
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    The theca folliculi comprise a layer of the ovarian follicles. They appear as the follicles become tertiary follicles.

    The theca are divided into two layers: theca interna and theca externa.
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    The follicular antrum is the portion of an ovarian follicle filled with liquor folliculi.

    See also

    • antrum

    External links

    • Histology at KUMC female-female07 "Graafian Follicle"
    • Organology at UC Davis

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