Chandogya Upanishad

Information about Chandogya Upanishad

The Chandogya Upanishad is one of the "primary" (mukhya) Upanishads. Together with the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad it ranks among the oldest Upanishads, dating to the Vedic Brahmana period (ca. 9th to 8th century BC).

It is associated with the Samaveda. It figures as number 9 in the Muktika canon of 108 Upanishads. It is part of the Chandogya Brahmana which has ten chapters. The first two chapters of the Brahmana deal with sacrifices and other forms of worships. The other eight constitute the Chandogya Upanishad. Though there are more than one hundred Upanishads, ten are principal. These are known as Dashopanishads and known for their philosophical depth, becoming popular through the commentaries of Adi Shankara and Madhvacharya. Along with Brhadaranyaka Upanishad, the Chandogyopanishad is an ancient source of principal fundamentals for Vedanta philosophy. Number of references made to this Upanishad in Brahma sutras indicate special importance of this Upanishad in Vedantic philosophy. Important meditational Upasana's like Dahara vidya, Shandilya vidya, etc. are its speciality.

Commentary

Of the available commentaries the oldest is the one written by Adi Shankara. Adi Shankara has indicated that his commentary work is a brief book for those who want to know summary of this Upanishad. Commentator Ananda Giri has mentioned in his commentary that one Dramidacharya has written an elaborate and detailed commentary well before Adi Shakara. Very little is known about this Dramidacharya and his work is now lost. Brahmanandi Tankacharya has written a brief explanation for this upanishad and Dramidacharya wrote an elaborate and detailed commentary on the work of Brahmanandi Tankacharya. Sri Ramanuja makes many references to these two scholars in his Vedanta Sangraha and Sri Bhasya both of which are commentary works.

The first and the second chapters of this Upanishad discuss the problems of liturgy and doctrine such as the genesis and significance of Aum and the meaning and names of Saman. First chapter consists of eighteen subchapters in which the following are described:
  1. Importance and greatness of universal holy syllable OM
  2. Importance and greatness of Vital Life Force or Prana, and a story to explain the holiness of Prana describing how it remained untouched by evil while all other five senses got tainted by evil.
  3. Fruits of meditating on holy syllable OM

See also

Sources

External Links

The Upanishads (Devanagari: उपनिषद्, IAST: upaniṣad) are regarded as part of the Vedas and as such form part of the Hindu scriptures.
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The Muktika canon of 108 Upanishads is headed by 10 Mukhya Upanishads. These are the ten oldest Upanishads, known to and commented upon by the 9th century scholar Shankara.
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The Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upanishad is one of the older, "primary" (mukhya
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Vedic Sanskrit is an ancient Indian language, the language of the Vedas, the oldest shruti texts of Hinduism. It is an archaic form of Sanskrit, an early descendant of Proto-Indo-Iranian, attested during the period between roughly 1700 BCE (early Rigveda) and 600
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Brāhmaṇas (Devanagari:
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The Samaveda (Sanskrit: सामवेद, sāmaveda, a tatpurusha compound of
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Date of birth: See Dates
Place of birth: Kalady, Kerala, India
Birth name: Shankara
Date of death: See Dates

Guru/Teacher: Govinda Bhagavatpada
Philosophy: Advaita Vedanta
Titles/Honors:
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Shri Madhvacharya (Kannada: ಶ್ರೀ ಮಧ್ವಾಚಾರ್ಯರು
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The Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upanishad is one of the older, "primary" (mukhya
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Vedanta (Devanagari: वेदान्त,
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Philosophy is the discipline concerned with questions of how one should live (ethics); what sorts of things exist and what are their essential natures (metaphysics); what counts as genuine knowledge (epistemology); and what are the correct principles of reasoning (logic).
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The Brahma sūtras, also known as Vedānta Sūtras, constitute the Nyāya prasthāna, the logical starting point of the Vedānta philosophy (Nyāya = logic/order).
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Uapasana in Sanskrit literally means "Sitting near" but normally the term is used in Hinduism to denote a prescribed method for approaching a Deity/God or getting close to deity.
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Date of birth: See Dates
Place of birth: Kalady, Kerala, India
Birth name: Shankara
Date of death: See Dates

Guru/Teacher: Govinda Bhagavatpada
Philosophy: Advaita Vedanta
Titles/Honors:
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For the pen name of D. Murdock, see .
An acharya is an important religious teacher. The word has different meanings in Hinduism and Jainism.

In Hinduism

In the Hindu religion, an acharya (आचार्य) is a
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Ramanuja Tamil: ராமானுஜர், Rāmānujar  [?]
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The Sri Bhasya is the most famous work of Sri Ramanuja, (1017–1137). It is his commentary on Bodhayana's Vedanta Sutra. It was completed when he was around a hundred years old.
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In literary criticism, close reading describes the careful, sustained interpretation of a brief passage of text. Such a reading places great emphasis on the particular over the general, paying close attention to individual words, syntax, and the order in which sentences and
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Aum (also Om, Devanagari ॐ, Chinese: 唵) is a mystical or sacred syllable in the Indian religions. It is placed at the beginning of most Hindu texts as a sacred exclamation to be uttered at the beginning and end of a
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Aum (also Om, Devanagari ॐ, Chinese: 唵) is a mystical or sacred syllable in the Indian religions. It is placed at the beginning of most Hindu texts as a sacred exclamation to be uttered at the beginning and end of a
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Prana (प्राण, IAST: prāṇa
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The Isha Upanishad (īśa upaniṣad, in sandhi Ishopanishad
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The Kaṭha Upanishad is one of the older, mukhya "primary" Upanishads
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Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (Telugu:సర్వేపల్లి రాధాకృష్ణ,Tamil:சர்வேபள்ளி
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Date of birth: July 15 1872(1872--)
Place of birth: Kolkata (Calcutta), India
Birth name: Aurobindo Akroyd Ghosh
Date of death: November 5 1950 (aged 78)

Sri Aurobindo
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Sri Aurobindo Ashram was founded by Sri Aurobindo on the 24 November 1926 (Siddhi Day). At the time there no more than 24 disciples in the Ashram (Das 1976 pp.233-4). In December of that year, Sri Aurobindo decided to withdraw from public view, and appointed his co-worker Mirra
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Puducherry (formerly Pondicherry   (help info ) ) is a Union Territory of India.
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Swami Adidevananda (1912-1983) was a prominent monk of the Bengali Ramakrishna Mission.

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He was born as Venkatapathi in 1912 in the earstwhile Mysore State. He began his monastic life at the Madras centre of Ramakrishna Math in 1934.
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