Chinookan

Information about Chinookan

Enlarge picture
Interior of a Chinookan plankhouse in the 1850s
Chinookan refers to several groups of Native Americans in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. In the early 19th century, the Chinookan peoples lived along the lower and middle Columbia River in present-day Oregon and Washington. The Chinookan tribes were those encountered by the Lewis and Clark Expedition in 1805 on the lower Columbia.

Chinook lifestyle

The Chinookan were not nomadic, similar in western Washington and Oregon. At birth Chinookans would flatten some children's heads by applying pressure with a board, enabling, in turn, a social hierarchy that placed flat-headed community members above those with round heads. This ranking was inherited. Living near the coast of the Pacific Ocean, they were also skilled whale hunters. Owing partly to their non-migratory living patterns, the Chinookan and other coastal tribes had relatively little conflict over land with one another.

Today

Some Chinookan are currently engaged in a continuing effort to secure formal recognition of tribal status by the U.S. Federal government. The U.S. Department of Interior initially recognized the Chinookan as a tribe in 2001. Subsequently, the department first reconsidered and then, in 2002, revoked this status. (For the 2001 recognition, see 66 Federal Register 1690 (2001) at [1]; for the subsequent reversal, see 67 Federal Register 46204 (2002) at [2])

Chinookan groups

Enlarge picture
Location of Chinookan territory.
Chinookan groups include:
  • Cathlamet
  • Cathlahmahs
  • Chilluckittequaw
  • Clatsop
  • Chahcowah
  • Clackamas
  • Clowwewalla
  • Cushook
  • Echelut (Wishram-Wasco),
  • Kilooklaniuck
  • Multnomah
  • Skillot
  • Wahkikum (Wac-ki-cum)
  • Wappato
  • Wascopa
  • Watlata (Cascade or Wishram).
Most surviving Chinookan natives live in the towns of Bay Center, Chinook, and Ilwaco in southwest Washington. Many books have been written about the Chinook, including, Boston Jane: an Adventure.

Famous Chinookans

Further reading

See also

External links

American Indian and Alaska Native
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Clatsop are a small tribe of Chinookan-speaking Native Americans in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. In the early 19th century they inhabited an area of the northwestern coast of present-day Oregon from the mouth of the Columbia River south to Tillamook Head.
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The Clackamas Indians were a tribe of American Indians of the American state of Oregon.

They were part of the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde of Oregon.

Like others of the Chinook band, they practiced head flattening.
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The Multnomah were a tribe of Chinookan people who lived in the area of Portland, Oregon in the United States up through the early 19th century. Multnomah villages were located throughout the Portland basin and on both side of the Columbia River.
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The Watlata are a group of Chinookan Native Americans. They inhabited the meadows of Sams Walker Day Use Site, near Skamania, Washington, and St. Cloud Ranch Day Use Site. An interpretive sign at Sams Walker states that the Watlata lived in earth-sheltered cedar plank homes.
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Chinook, Washington

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Ilwaco, Washington

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Chief Comcomly or Concomly (1754? - 1830) was a Native American chief of the Chinookan people. He was the principal chief of the Chinook Confederacy, which extended along the Columbia River from the Cascade Range to the Pacific Ocean.
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Catherine Herrold Troeh (January 5 1911 - June 28 2007) was an American historian, artist, activist and advocate for Native American rights and culture, especially in the Pacific Northwest.
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Ranald MacDonald (3 February, 1824 – August 24, 1894) was the first man to teach the English language in Japan, including educating Einosuke Moriyama, one of the chief interpreters to handle the negotiations between Commodore Perry and the Tokugawa Shogunate.
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