Türkçe ansiklopedi, sözlük, genel başvuru ve bilgi sitesi   
  		  Yardım
  Rastgele    

Conrad Iii Of Germany

Enlarge picture
King Conrad III (Cunradus rex) in a 13th-century miniature.
Conrad III (1093 – 15 February 1152) was the first King of Germany of the Hohenstaufen dynasty. He was the son of Frederick I, Duke of Swabia, and Agnes, a daughter of the Salian Emperor Henry IV.

Conrad was appointed Duke of Franconia by his uncle, Henry V, in 1115. One year later he acted as regent for Germany, together with his elder brother, Frederick II of Swabia. At the death of Henry (1125), Conrad unsuccessfully supported Frederick for the kingship of Germany. Frederick was placed under a ban and Conrad was deprived of Franconia and the Kingdom of Burgundy, of which he was rector. With the support of the imperial cities, Swabia, and the Duchy of Austria, Conrad was elected antiking at Nuremburg in December 1127.

Conrad quickly crossed the Alps to be crowned King of Italy by Anselm V, Archbishop of Milan. Over the next two years, he failed to achieve anything in Italy, however, and returned to Germany in 1130, after Nürnberg and Speyer, two strong cities in his support, fell to Lothair in 1129. Conrad continued in his opposition, but he and Frederick were forced to acknowledged Lothair as emperor in 1135. After this they were pardoned and could take again possession of their lands.

After Lothair's death (December 1137), Conrad was elected king at Coblenz on 7 March 1138, in the presence of the papal legate Theodwin. Conrad was crowned at Aachen six days later (13 March) and was acknowledged in Bamberg by several princes of southern Germany. As Henry the Proud, son-in-law and heir of Lothair and the most powerful prince in Germany, who had been passed over in the election, refused to do the same, Conrad deprived him of all his territories, giving the Duchy of Saxony to Albert the Bear and that of Bavaria to Leopold III, Margrave of Austria. Henry, however, retained the loyalty of his subjects. The civil war that broke out is considered the first act of the struggle between Guelphs and Ghibellines, which later extended southwards to Italy. After Henry's death (October 1139), the war was continued by his son Henry the Lion, supported by the Saxons, and by his brother Welf VI. Conrad, after a long siege, defeated the latter at Weinsberg in December 1140, and in May 1142 a peace agreement was reached in Frankfurt.

In the same year, Conrad entered Bohemia to reinstate his brother-in-law Vladislav II as prince. The attempt to do the same with another brother-in-law, the Polish prince Ladislaus the Exile, failed. Bavaria, Saxony, and the other regions of Germany were in revolt.

In 1146, Conrad heard Bernard of Clairvaux preach the Second Crusade at Speyer, and he agreed to join Louis VII in a great expedition to the Holy Land. Before leaving, he had the nobles elect and crown his son Henry Berengar king. THe succession secured in the event of his death, Conrad set out. His army went overland, via Hungary, causing disruptions in the Byzantine territories through which they passed. They arrived at Constantinople by December 1146, ahead of the French army.

Rather than taking the coastal road around Anatolia through Christian-held territory, by which he sent most of his noncombatants, Conrad took his army across Anatolia. On 25 October 1147, they were defeated by the Seljuk Turks at the Battle of Dorylaeum. Conrad and most of the mounted knights escaped, but most of the foot soldiers were killed or captured. The remnants of the German army limped on to Nicaea, where many of the survivors deserted and tried to return home. Conrad and his adherents had to be escorted to Lopadium by the French, where they joined the main French army of under Louis. Conrad fell seriously ill at Ephesus and was sent to recuperate in Constantinople, where his host the Emperor Manuel I acted as his personal physician. After recovering, Conrad sailed to Acre, and from there reached Jerusalem. He participated in the ill-fated Siege of Damascus and after that failure, grew disaffected with his allies. Another attempt to attack Ascalon failed when Conrad's allies did not appear as promised, and Conrad returned to Germany.

In 1150, Conrad and Henry Berengar defeated the Welf VI and his son Welf VII at the Battle of Flochberg. Henry Berengar died later that year and the succession was thrown open. The Welfs and Hohenstaufen made peace in 1152 and the peaceful succession of one of Conrad's family was secured.

Conrad was never crowned emperor and continued to style himself "King of the Romans" until his death. On his deathbed, in the presence of only two witnesses, his nephew Frederick Barbarossa and the Bishop of Bamberg, he allegedly designated Frederick his successor, rather than his own surviving six-year-old son Frederick. Frederick Barbarossa, who had accompanied his uncle on the unfortunate crusade, forcefully pursued his advantage and was duly elected king in Cologne a few weeks later. The young son of the late king was given the Duchy of Swabia.

Conrad left no children by his first wife, Gertrude von Komburg. In 1136, he married Gertrude von Sulzbach, daughter of Berengar II of Sulzbach, and whose sister Bertha was married the Emperor Manuel. Gertrude was the mother of Conrad's children and the link which cemented his alliance with Byzantium.

Ancestors

Conrad's ancestors in three generations
Paternal Great-grandmother:
Mother:
Agnes of Germany		Maternal Grandfather:
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor		Maternal Great-grandfather:
Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor
Maternal Great-grandmother:
Agnes de Poitou
Maternal Grandmother:
Bertha of Savoy		Maternal Great-grandfather:
Otto of Savoy
Maternal Great-grandmother:
Adelaide of Susa

Sources

Preceded by
Lothair II		King of Germany
(King of the Romans)
1138–1152		Succeeded by
Frederick I
10th century - 11st century - 12nd century
1060s  1070s  1080s  - 1090s -  1100s  1110s  1120s
1090 1091 1092 - 1093 - 1094 1095 1096

Lists of leaders
State leaders - Sovereign states

..... Click the link for more information.
February 15 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

Events


..... Click the link for more information.
11st century - 12nd century - 13rd century
1120s  1130s  1140s  - 1150s -  1160s  1170s  1180s
1149 1150 1151 - 1152 - 1153 1154 1155

Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
..... Click the link for more information.
This article lists the German monarchs, ruling over the territory of Germany from the creation of a separate Eastern Frankish Kingdom in 843 until the end of monarchy in 1918.
..... Click the link for more information.
The Hohenstaufen (or the Staufer(s)) were a dynasty of Germanic Kings (1138-1254), many of whom were also crowned Holy Roman Emperor and Dukes of Swabia. In 1194 the Hohenstaufen became also Kings of Sicily.
..... Click the link for more information.
Frederick I von Staufen (1050–July 21 1105) was Duke of Swabia from 1079 to his death. He was the first ruler of Swabia of the House of Hohenstaufen. In 1089, Frederick married Agnes of Germany, daughter of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
..... Click the link for more information.
The following is a list of Dukes of Swabia in southwest Germany. Swabia was one of the five stem duchies of the medieval German kingdom, and its dukes were thus among the most powerful magnates of Germany.
..... Click the link for more information.
Agnes of Germany (1072 – September 24, 1143), was the daughter of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and Bertha of Savoy. Her maternal grandparents were Otto, Count of Savoy, Aosta and Moriana and Adelaide, Marchioness of Turin and Susa.
..... Click the link for more information.
Salian dynasty was a dynasty in the High Middle Ages of four German Kings (1024-1125), also known as the Frankish dynasty after the family's origin and role as dukes of Franconia.
..... Click the link for more information.
Henry IV
King of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor

Reign 1084 – 1105
Born 11 November 1050(1050--)
Royal palace at Goslar
Died 7 July 1106 (aged 57)
Buried
..... Click the link for more information.
Franconia (German: Franken) is an historic region in modern Germany, which today forms three administrative regions of the federal state of Bavaria: Lower Franconia (Unterfranken), Middle Franconia (Mittelfranken), and Upper Franconia (
..... Click the link for more information.
Henry V (11 August 1086 – 23 May 1125) was King of Germany (from 1099) and Holy Roman Emperor (from 1111), the fourth and last ruler of the Salian dynasty. Henry's reign coincided with the final phase of the great Investiture Controversy, which had pitted pope against emperor.
..... Click the link for more information.
11st century - 12nd century - 13rd century
1080s  1090s  1100s  - 1110s -  1120s  1130s  1140s
1112 1113 1114 - 1115 - 1116 1117 1118

Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
..... Click the link for more information.
Frederick II (1090 – 6 April 1147), called the One-Eyed, was duke of Swabia. He was the eldest son of Frederick I, Duke of Swabia, and Agnes of Germany.

He succeeded his father in 1105.
..... Click the link for more information.
The following is a list of the Kings of Burgundy.

Kings of the Burgundians

The Burgundians had left Bornholm c.300 and settled near the Vistula. Jordanes relates that in this area they were thoroughly defeated by the Gepids in the 4th century and then moved to the
..... Click the link for more information.
The word rector ("ruler," from the Latin regere) has a number of different meanings, but all of them indicate someone who is in charge of something.

The word "rector" also appears in many modern languages, such as Dutch and Spanish.
..... Click the link for more information.
free imperial city (in German: freie Reichsstadt) was a city formally ruled by the emperor only — as opposed to the majority of cities in the Empire, which belonged to a territory and were thus governed by one of the many princes (Fürsten)
..... Click the link for more information.
Ancient times
Hallstatt culture
Noricum
March of Austria
Babenberger
Privilegium Minus
Habsburg era
House of Habsburg
Holy Roman Empire
Archduchy of Austria
Habsburg Monarchy
Austrian Empire
..... Click the link for more information.
An Antiking (German: Gegenkönig) is a would-be king who, due to succession disputes or simple political opposition, declares himself king in opposition to a reigning monarch.
..... Click the link for more information.
Nürnberg
Nuremberg
Nuremberg Kaiserburg
Coat of arms Location

..... Click the link for more information.
11st century - 12nd century - 13rd century
1090s  1100s  1110s  - 1120s -  1130s  1140s  1150s
1124 1125 1126 - 1127 - 1128 1129 1130

Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
..... Click the link for more information.
King of Italy (rex Italiae in Latin and re d'Italia in Italian) is a title adopted by many rulers of the Italian peninsula after the fall of the Roman Empire.
..... Click the link for more information.
Anselm V (Italian: Anselmo della Pusterla) was the Archbishop of Milan from 30 June 1126 to his deposition early in 1135. He died on 14 August 1136.

Like most young Milanese of his day, he went to France for his education.
..... Click the link for more information.
11st century - 12nd century - 13rd century
1100s  1110s  1120s  - 1130s -  1140s  1150s  1160s
1127 1128 1129 - 1130 - 1131 1132 1133

Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
..... Click the link for more information.
Nürnberg
Nuremberg
Nuremberg Kaiserburg
Coat of arms Location

..... Click the link for more information.
Administration
Country Germany
State Rhineland-Palatinate

District Urban district

Town subdivisions 4 Stadtteile

Basic statistics

Population 50,648  

..... Click the link for more information.
11st century - 12nd century - 13rd century
1090s  1100s  1110s  - 1120s -  1130s  1140s  1150s
1126 1127 1128 - 1129 - 1130 1131 1132

Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
..... Click the link for more information.
11st century - 12nd century - 13rd century
1100s  1110s  1120s  - 1130s -  1140s  1150s  1160s
1132 1133 1134 - 1135 - 1136 1137 1138

Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
..... Click the link for more information.
11st century - 12nd century - 13rd century
1100s  1110s  1120s  - 1130s -  1140s  1150s  1160s
1134 1135 1136 - 1137 - 1138 1139 1140

Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
..... Click the link for more information.
Koblenz

Coat of arms Location

..... Click the link for more information.


This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.