Demerara

Information about Demerara

Demerara was one of the original British colonies that were joined into the colony of British Guiana, now Guyana. It was located about the lower courses of the Demerara River, and its main town was Georgetown. Demerara is now one of three counties of Guyana. The other two counties are Berbice and Essequibo. Before the colony became British, it was a Dutch colony.

The name "Demerara" comes from a variant of the Arawak word "Immenary" or "Dumaruni" which means "river of the letter wood". (see source [1]

On 13 August 1814 the British combined the colonies of Demerara and Essequibo into the colony of Demerara-Essequibo. On 20 November 1815 the colony was formally ceded to Britain by the Netherlands.

On 21 July 1831 Demerara-Essequibo united with Berbice as British Guiana.

Large slave rebellion broke out in West Demerara in 1795 and on the East Coast of Demerara in 1823[1] . Although these rebellions were easily and bloodily crushed, according to Winston McGowan, they may have had a long-term impact in ending slavery:
"The 1823 revolt had a special significance not matched by the earlier Berbice uprising. It attracted attention in Britain inside and outside Parliament to the terrible evil slavery and the need to abolish it. This played a part, along with other humanitarian, political and economic factors, in causing the British parliament ten years later in 1833 to take the momentous decision to abolish slavery in British Guiana and elsewhere in the British Empire with effect from 1st August 1834. After serving four years of a modified form of slavery euphemistically called apprenticeship, the slaves were finally freed on 1st August 1838."[2]


Demerara sugar is so named because originally it came from the colony of Demerara.

Notable Demererans

Commanders of Demerara

  • Jonathan Samuel Storm van 's Gravesende (d. 1761) (1752 - 1761)
  • Laurens Lodewijk van Bercheijk (d. 1765) (1761 - 1765)
  • Jan Cornelis van den Heuvel (1765 - 1770)
  • Paulus van Schuylenburgh (1772 - 1781)
  • Antony Beaujon (22 Apr 1796 - 27 Mar 1802)

Governors of Demerara

  • Robert Kingston (27 Feb 1781 - 1782)
  • Louis Antoine Dazemard de Lusignan (1782)
  • Armand Guy Simon de Coëtnempren, comte de Kersaint (b. 1742 - d. 1793) (1782)
  • Georges Manganon de la Perrière (1783 - 1784)

Directors-general

  • Joseph Bourda (acting) (6 Mar 1784 - Feb 1785)
  • Jan L'Éspinasse (Feb 1785 - 18 Aug 1789)
  • Albertus Backer (18 Aug 1789 - 31 Mar 1793)
  • Willem August van Sirtema, baron van Grovestins (31 Mar 1793 - May 1795)
  • Antony Beaujon (b. 17.. - d. 1805) (1795 - 22 Apr 1796)
  • Antony Meertens (27 Mar 1802 - Sep 1803)

Lieutenant governors

  • Robert Nicholson (Sep 1803 - 18 Aug 1804)
  • Antony Beaujon (18 Aug 1804 - 19 Oct 1805)
  • James Montgomery (acting) (19 Oct 1805 - 8 May 1806)
  • Henry William Bentinck (8 May 1806 - Feb 1812)
  • Hugh Lyle Carmichael (b. 1764 - d. 1813) (Feb 1812 - 11 May 1813)
  • E. Codd (acting) (11 May 1813 - 23 May 1813)
  • John Murray (23 May 1813 - 26 Apr 1824)
  • Sir Benjamin d'Urban (26 Apr 1824 - 21 Jul 1831)

Leaders of Slave Rebellions

  • 1823: Jack Gladstone of Plantation Success

See also

References

1. ^ McGowan, Winston (2006). The 1763 and 1823 slave rebellions. Starbroeck News. Retrieved on December 07, 2006.
2. ^ McGowan, Winston (2006). The 1763 and 1823 slave rebellions (Part 2). Starbroeck News. Retrieved on December 07, 2006.


Motto
"Dieu et mon droit" [2]   (French)
"God and my right"
Anthem
"God Save the Queen" [3]
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British Guiana was the name of the British colony on the northern coast of South America, now the independent nation of Guyana.

The area was originally settled by the Dutch as the colonies of Essequibo, Demerara, and Berbice.
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Motto
"One people, one nation, one destiny"
Anthem
"Dear Land of Guyana, of Rivers and Plains"


Capital
(and largest city) Georgetown
Official languages English
Demonym Guyanese
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Demerara River is a river in eastern Guyana that rises in the central rainforests of the country and flows to the north for 346 kilometres until it reaches the Atlantic Ocean. Georgetown, Guyana's largest seaport and capital, is situated on the east bank of the river's mouth.
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Georgetown, estimated population 213,705 (2002 Guyana census), is the capital and largest city of Guyana, located in the Demerara-Mahaica region. It is situated on the Atlantic Ocean coast at the mouth of the Demerara River and it was nicknamed 'Garden City of the Caribbean.
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Berbice is a region in Guyana, sometimes known as the "ancient county." The Berbice River runs through it. It is a former Dutch colony, as is evidenced by the existence of the nearly extinct Berbice Creole Dutch ( based on lexicon and grammar on the West African language of Ijo).
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Essequibo may refer to:
  • The Essequibo River in Guyana
  • The former Dutch colony of Essequibo, in the region of the river

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Motto
"Je maintiendrai"   (French)
"Ik zal handhaven"   (Dutch)
"I shall stand fast"1
Anthem
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Arawak (from aru, the Lokono word for cassava flour), was used to designate the Amerindians encountered by the Spanish in the West Indies. These include the Taíno, who occupied the Greater Antilles and the Bahamas (Lucayan) and Bimini Florida, the Nepoya and Suppoyo of
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August 13 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

Events

  • 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation, the Maya calendar starts.

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Essequibo may refer to:
  • The Essequibo River in Guyana
  • The former Dutch colony of Essequibo, in the region of the river

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The colony of Demerara-Essequibo was created on 13 August 1814 when the British combined the colonies of Demerara and Essequibo. On 20 November 1815 the colony was formally ceded to Britain by the Netherlands.

On 21 July 1831 Demerara-Essequibo united with Berbice as British Guiana.
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November 20 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

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  • 284 - Diocletian was chosen as Roman Emperor.

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Berbice is a region in Guyana, sometimes known as the "ancient county." The Berbice River runs through it. It is a former Dutch colony, as is evidenced by the existence of the nearly extinct Berbice Creole Dutch ( based on lexicon and grammar on the West African language of Ijo).
..... Click the link for more information.
8th century - 9th century - 10th century
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Demerara is used as the generic name of a type of specialty raw cane sugar often used in home baking and in sweetening coffee. Demerara, sometimes spelled demerera, is normally brown in color—the natural color of cane sugar.
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Sir James Douglas, KCB, (August 15, 1803 – August 2 1877), was an employee and officer of the Hudson's Bay Company and a British colonial governor. From 1851 to 1864, he was Governor of the Colony of Vancouver Island.
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See main article Vancouver Island Vancouver Island (officially known as the Island of Vancouver and its Dependencies), was a crown colony of British North America from 1849 to 1866, after which it was united with British Columbia.
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The Colony of British Columbia was a crown colony of British North America from 1858 until 1871. It was largely coterminous with the present day Canadian province of British Columbia.
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The Rev. Joseph Ketley (1802-1875) was a mid-nineteenth century Congregational missionary and abolitionist in Guyana, the former British colony of British Guiana which was known as Demerara and Essequibo at the time when his mission was established.
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Congregational churches are Protestant Christian churches practicing congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently and autonomously runs its own affairs.
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James Montgomery (November 4, 1771 - April 30, 1854) was a British editor and poet.

Montgomery, poet, son of a pastor and missionary of the Moravian Brethren, was born at Irvine in Ayrshire, and educated at the Moravian School at Fulneck, near Pudsey in Leeds.
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Major-General Sir Benjamin d'Urban (1777- 25 May, 1849) was a British general and colonial administrator, who is best known for his frontier policy when he was the Governor in the Cape Colony (now in South Africa).
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Guyana had been peopled for thousands of years before Europeans became aware of the area some five hundred years ago. Guyana's past is punctuated by battles fought and won, possessions lost and regained as the Spanish, French, Dutch and British wrangled for centuries to own and
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