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Earl Of Leicester

Lord Leicester redirects here. You may be looking for Lord Leycester, the name of several things in and around Warwick, United Kingdom.
The title Earl of Leicester (pronounced "Lester") was created in the 12th century in the Peerage of England (now extinct), and is currently a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, created in 1837.

History

The title was first created for Robert de Beaumont, however he invariably used his French title of Count of Meulan. Three generations of his descendants, all also named Robert, called themselves Earls of Leicester.

The Beaumont male line ended with the death of the Fourth Earl. His property was split between his two sisters, with Simon IV de Montfort, the son of the eldest sister, acquiring Leicester and the rights to the earldom. (The husband of the younger daughter, Saer de Quincy, was created Earl of Winchester.) De Montfort however was never formally recognized as earl, due to the antipathy between France and England at that time. His second son, Simon V de Montfort, did succeed in taking possession of the earldom and its associated properties. He is the Simon de Montfort who became so prominent during the reign of Henry III, and was killed at the Battle of Evesham in 1265. His lands and titles were forfeited, and were soon re-granted to the king's youngest son Edmund Crouchback.

Crouchback's son Thomas lost the earldom when he was executed for treason in 1322, but a few years later it was restored to his younger brother Henry. Henry's son Henry of Grosmont left only two daughters, and his estate was divided between them, the eldest daughter Matilda receiving the earldom, which was held by her husband William V of Holland.

(The two passages of the earldom via females illustrate the medieval practice by which such inheritance was allowed in the absence of male heirs.)

Matilda however soon died, and the title passed to John of Gaunt, husband of her younger sister, Blanche, who was later created Duke of Lancaster. Both the dukedom and the earldom were inherited by John of Gaunt's son, Henry Bolingbroke, and both titles ceased to exist when Henry usurped the throne, as the titles "merged into the crown." (The peers are vassals to the Sovereign, and no one can be a vassal to himself.) The properties associated with the earldom became part of what was later called the Duchy of Lancaster.

Thereafter, the earldom was again created for Queen Elizabeth I's favourite, Robert Dudley. Since Dudley died without heirs, the title became extinct at his death. The title was again created for Robert Sidney, his nephew. The Sidneys retained the title until the death of the seventh Earl, when the title again became extinct. The title was then given to Thomas Coke, but it became extinct when he, too, died without heirs.

1784 creation

The title was again bestowed upon George Townshend, 15th Baroness Ferrers of Chartley and 7th Baroness Compton, eldest son and heir apparent of George Townshend, 4th Viscount Townshend, later the first Marquess Townshend. Townshend was a female-line great-great-great-grandson of Lady Lucy Sydney, daughter of the second Earl of the 1618 creation. The earldom became extinct yet again upon the death of his son, the third Marquess and second Earl, in 1855 (the marquessate was passed on to a cousin and is still extant).

1744 and 1837 creations

Enlarge picture
Holkham Hall
The Coke family is descended from the noted judge and politician Sir Edward Coke, Lord Chief Justice from 1613 to 1616. His great-great-great-grandson Thomas Coke was a landowner, politician and patron of arts. In 1728 he was raised to the Peerage of Great Britain as Baron Lovel, of Minster Lovel in the County of Oxford, and in 1744 he was created Viscount Coke, of Holkham in the County of Norfolk, and Earl of Leicester, also in the Peerage of Great Britain. Lord Leicester began the construction of Holkham Hall in Norfolk. He married Margaret Tufton, 19th Baroness de Clifford (1700-1775) (see the Baron de Clifford for earlier history of this title). Their only child Edward Coke, Viscount Coke, predeceased both his parents, without issue. Consequently, Lord Leicester's titles became extinct on his death in 1759 while the barony of de Clifford fell into abeyance on Lady de Clifford's death in 1775.

The Coke estates were passed on to the late Earl's nephew Wenman Coke. Born Wenman Roberts, he was the son of Philip Roberts and Anne, sister of Lord Leicester, and assumed the surname of Coke in lieu of Roberts. His son Thomas Coke was a politician and noted agriculturalist. Knpwn as "Coke of Norfolk", he sat as a Member of Parliament for many years but is best remembered for his interest in agricultural improvements and is seen as one of the instigators of the British Agricultural Revolution. In 1837 the titles held by his great-uncle were revived when was raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Viscount Coke and Earl of Leicester, of Holkham in the County of Norfolk. This was despite the fact that the 1784 creation of the earldom held by the Townshend family was then still extant (hence the territorial designation "of Holkham"). Lord Leicester was succeeded by his eldest son from his second marriage, the second Earl. He served as Lord-Lieutenant of Norfolk for sixty years and was made a Knight of the Garter in 1873.

On his death in 1909 the titles passed to his eldest son, the third Earl. He was a Colonel in the 2nd Battalion of the Scots Guards and also served as Lord-Lieutenant of Norfolk. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the fourth Earl. He was also Lord-Lieutenant of Norfolk. When he died the titles passed to his son, the fifth Earl. He was an Extra Equerry to both George VI and Elizabeth II. He died without male issue and was succeeded by his first cousin, the sixth Earl. He was the son of the Hon. Arthur George Coke, second son of the third Earl. As of 2007 the titles are held by his son, the seventh Earl, who succeeded in 1994.

The family seat is Holkham Hall, near Wells-next-the-Sea, Norfolk.

Earls of Leicester, First Creation (1107)

Earls of Leicester, Second Creation (1265)

Earls of Leicester, Third Creation (1564)

Earls of Leicester, Fourth Creation (1618)

Earls of Leicester, Fifth Creation (1744)

Earls of Leicester, Sixth Creation (1784)

Earls of Leicester, Seventh Creation (1837)

The Heir Apparent is the present holder's son Thomas Edward Coke, Viscount Coke (b. 1965)

The Heir Apparent's Heir Apparent is his only son the Hon. Edward Horatio Coke (b. 2003)

See also

References

External links

Earl of Leicester (pronounced "Lester") was created in the 12th century in the Peerage of England (now extinct), and is currently a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, created in 1837.
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In Warwick, United Kingdom, several things are known as the Lord Leycester (after the Earl of Leycester):
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Warwick

Warwick ()
|240px|Warwick (

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Motto
"Dieu et mon droit" [2]   (French)
"God and my right"
Anthem
"God Save the Queen" [3]
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The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. In that year, the Peerages of England and Scotland were replaced by one Peerage of Great Britain.
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The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain.
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1800s  1810s  1820s  - 1830s -  1840s  1850s  1860s
1834 1835 1836 - 1837 - 1838 1839 1840

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Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -
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Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester and Count of Meulan (1049 – June 5, 1118) was a powerful English and French nobleman, revered as one of the wisest men of his age. Chroniclers speak highly of his eloquence, his learning, and three kings of England valued his counsel.
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The county of Meulan, in Normandy, France, appeared as an entity within the region of the Vexin when the otherwise unknown Count Waleran established an independent power base on a fortified island in the River Seine, around the year 1020.
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Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester (died circa 21 October 1204) was an English nobleman, the last of the Beaumont earls of Leicester. He is sometimes known as Robert FitzPernel.
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Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, also Simon IV de Montfort (1160 – June 25, 1218) was a French nobleman who took part in the Fourth Crusade (1202 - 1204) and was a prominent leader of the Albigensian Crusade. He died at the siege of Toulouse in 1218.
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Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester (1155 – 1219-11-03) was one of the leaders of the baronial rebellion against King John of England, and a major figure in both Scotland and England in the decades around the turn of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.
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Simon V de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (1208 – August 4, 1265) was the principal leader of the baronial opposition to King Henry III of England. After the rebellion of 1263-1264, de Montfort became de facto
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Henry III
By the Grace of God, King of England,
Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine

Reign 18-19 October 1216 - 16 November 1272
Coronation 28 October 1216, Gloucester
Born 1 September 1207
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Battle of Evesham was one of the two main battles of the Second Barons' War. It marked the defeat of Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, and the rebellious Barons against Prince Edward – the later King Edward I – who led the forces of his father, King Henry III.
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Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster (January 16, 1245 – June 5, 1296) was the second surviving son of Eleanor of Provence and King Henry III of England.

Edmund was born in London.
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Thomas, Earl of Lancaster (c. 1278 – March 22 1322) was one of the leaders of the baronial opposition to Edward II of England.

Lineage

Thomas was the eldest son of Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster and Blanche of Artois.
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William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing (Frankfurt am Main, May 12 1330 – April 15 1389, Le Quesnoy), was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut.
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John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (March 6 1340 – February 3 1399) was the third surviving son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He gained his name "John of Gaunt" because he was born in Ghent (then called Gaunt in 1340).
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John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (March 6 1340 – February 3 1399) was the third surviving son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He gained his name "John of Gaunt" because he was born in Ghent (then called Gaunt in 1340).
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Henry IV
By the Grace of God, King of England
and France and Lord of Ireland

Reign 30 September 1399 - 20 March 1413
Coronation 13 October 1399
Born 3 March 1367(1367--)
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:See also vassal state.
A vassal , in the terminology that both preceded and accompanied the feudalism of medieval Europe, is one who enters into mutual obligations with a monarch, usually of slavery support and mutual protection, in exchange for certain
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The Duchy of Lancaster is one of the two Royal Duchies in England, the other being the Duchy of Cornwall, and is the personal (inherited) property of the monarch. Despite the name, the duchy is effectively a property company (though it pays no corporation tax), and it consists of
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Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England, France (in name only), and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. She is sometimes referred to as The Virgin Queen, Gloriana, or Good Queen Bess
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Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester (7 September 1533 – 4 September 1588) was the long‐standing favourite of Elizabeth I of England. He was born a younger son of the 1st Duke of Northumberland, who was executed in 1553 for his part in the attempt to put Lady Jane Grey
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This name and title could refer to:
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George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend PC (28 February, 1724–14 September, 1807), known as the Viscount Townshend from 1764 to 1787, was a British soldier who reached the rank of field marshal.
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Marquess Townshend is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain held by the Townshend family of Raynham Hall in Norfolk. This family descends from Roger Townshend, who in 1617 was created a Baronet, of Raynham in the County of Norfolk, in the Baronetage of England.
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Sir Edward Coke (pronounced "cook") (1 February 1552 – 3 September 1634), was an early English colonial entrepreneur and jurist whose writings on the English common law were the definitive legal texts for some 300 years.
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The Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales was, historically, the second-highest judge of the Courts of England and Wales, after the Lord Chancellor. However as a result of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005, which removed the judicial functions from the office of Lord
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