Enemy alien

Information about Enemy alien

This article is about citizens of a hostile country. For hostile extra-terrestrial beings in popular culture, see Alien invasion


Legal status of Persons
Concepts
Citizenship
Nationality
Naturalization
Leave to Remain
Immigration
Illegal immigration
Statelessness
Legal designations
Citizen
Native-born citizen
Naturalized citizen
Dual-citizen
Alien
Migrant worker
Refugee
Illegal immigrant
Criminal
Prisoner
Slave
Political prisoner
Stateless person
(Enemy alien
Enemy combatant
Administrative detainee)
Social politics
Immigration law
Nationality law
Nationalism
Nativism (politics)
Immigration debate
"Second-class citizen"
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In law an enemy alien is a citizen of a country which is in a state of conflict with the land in which he or she is located. Usually, but not always, the countries are in a state of declared war.

Well known examples of enemy aliens were the Japanese citizens residing in the United States during World War II. Many of these Japanese and Japanese-Americans were imprisoned in internment camps by President Roosevelt during wartime, alongside many Italian-Americans. It is important, however, to recognise that the Japanese-Americans and Italian-Americans were not actually "aliens", as they held American citizenship, only the non-American citizens can be correctly termed "enemy aliens".

Persons who lived in the USA but who held citizenship in enemy country during World War II, were required to have a Enemy Alien card and register monthly with authorities. Similar regulations existed in Canada and Mexico.

See also

alien invasion is a common theme in science fiction stories and film, in which a technologically-superior extraterrestrial society invades Earth with the intent to replace human life, or to enslave it under a colonial system, or in some cases, to use humans as food.
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In law legal status refers to the concept of individuals having a particular place in society, relative to the law, as it determines the laws which affect them. Degrees of status, as well as the rights and statutes which apply, vary in accordance with several standard (as well as
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Citizenship is membership in a political community (originally a city or town but now usually a country) and carries with it rights to political participation; a person having such membership is a citizen.
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Nationality is a relationship between a person and their state of origin, culture, association, affiliation and/or loyalty. Nationality affords the state jurisdiction over the person, and affords the person the protection of the state.
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naturalization refers to an act whereby a person acquires a citizenship different from that person's citizenship at birth. Naturalization is most commonly associated with economic migrants or refugees who have immigrated to a country and resided there as aliens, and who have
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The Leave to Remain is the legal status of a person issued by a government office of internal affairs to one who is not yet a citizen. In most stable countries, Indefinite leave to remain (as is known in the UK) is granted to these foreign citizens after a specified period spent
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Immigration is the movement of people from one place to another. While human migration has existed throughout human history, immigration implies long-term permanent residence (and often eventual citizenship) by the immigrants: tourists and short-term visitors are not considered
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Illegal immigration refers to immigration across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destination country. Under this definition, an illegal immigrant is a foreigner who either has illegally crossed an international political border, be it by land,
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Statelessness is the legal and social concept of a person lacking belonging (or a legally enforceable claim) to any recognised nationality. Statelessness is not always the same as lack of citizenship.
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Citizenship is membership in a political community (originally a city or town but now usually a country) and carries with it rights to political participation; a person having such membership is a citizen.
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A native-born citizen of a country is a person who is legally recognized as that country's citizen at the moment of birth and was also born within that country.

A person can be considered to be a "citizen-at-birth" either due to place of birth within that country's
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naturalization refers to an act whereby a person acquires a citizenship different from that person's citizenship at birth. Naturalization is most commonly associated with economic migrants or refugees who have immigrated to a country and resided there as aliens, and who have
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Multiple citizenship, or multiple nationality, is a status in which a person is concurrently regarded as a citizen under the laws of more than one state.

Dual citizenship
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In U.S. law, an alien is a person who owes political allegiance to another country or government and not a native or naturalized citizen of the land where they are found.[1] Types of "alien" persons are:

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A migrant worker is someone who regularly works away from home, if they even have a home.[]

Although the United Nations' use of this term overlaps with 'foreign worker', the use of the term within the United States is more specific.
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Illegal immigration refers to immigration across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destination country. Under this definition, an illegal immigrant is a foreigner who either has illegally crossed an international political border, be it by land,
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The word crime comes from the Latin crimen (genitive criminis), from the Latin root cernō and Greek κρινω = "I judge". Originally it meant "charge (in law), guilt, accusation.
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prison, penitentiary, or correctional facility is a place in which individuals are physically confined or interned and usually deprived of a range of personal freedoms.
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Slavery is a social-economic system under which certain persons — known as slaves — are deprived of personal freedom and compelled to perform labour or services.
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A stateless person is someone with no citizenship or nationality. It may be because the state that gave their previous nationality has ceased to exist and there is no successor state, or their nationality has been repudiated by their own state, effectively making them refugees.
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worldwide view.
An enemy combatant has historically referred to members of the armed forces of the state with which another state is at war.[1][2]

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Administrative detention (Hebrew: מעצר מנהלי‎ ma'atzar minhali), (Arabic: egg'te'al Edari
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This article or section contains information about scheduled or expected future events.
It may contain tentative information; the content may change as the event approaches and more information becomes available.
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Nationality law is the branch of a country's legal system wherein legislation, custom and court precedent combine to define the ways in which that country's nationality and citizenship are transmitted, acquired or lost.
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Nationalism is a term that refers to a doctrine[1] or political movement[2] that holds that a nation—usually defined in terms of ethnicity or culture—has the right to constitute an independent or autonomous political community based on a shared
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Discrimination

Major forms
Racism
Sexism
Homophobia
Ageism
Antisemitism
Islamophobia
Ableism

Manifestations
Slavery · Racial profiling
Hate speech · Hate crime
Genocide · Ethnocide · Holocaust
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Illegal immigration refers to immigration across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destination country. Under this definition, an illegal immigrant is a foreigner who either has illegally crossed an international political border, be it by land,
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