Information about Ficus elastica

Ficus elastica

Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Magnoliophyta
Class:	Magnoliopsida
Order:	Rosales
Family:	Moraceae
Genus:	Ficus
Subgenus:	Urostigma
Species:	*F. elastica*

Binomial name

Ficus elastica
Roxb.

Ficus elastica, also called the rubber fig, rubber tree, rubber plant, or Indian rubber tree is a species of plant in the fig genus, native to northeast India (Assam), south to Indonesia (Sumatra and Java).

It is a large tree in the banyan group of figs, growing to 30-40 m (rarely up to 60 m) tall, with a stout trunk up to 2 m diameter, with an irregular trunk which develops aerial and buttressing roots to anchor it in the soil and help support heavy branches. It has broad shiny oval leaves 10-35 cm long and 5-15 cm broad; leaf size is largest on young plants (occasionally to 45 cm long), much smaller on old trees (typically 10 cm long). The leaves develop inside a sheath at the apical meristem, which grows larger as the new leaf develops. When it is mature, it unfurls and the sheath drops off the plant. Inside the new leaf, another immature leaf is waiting to develop. Indian rubber is also used to make Hubba Bubba bubble gum.

As with other members of the genus Ficus, the flowers require a particular species of fig wasp to pollinate it in a co-evolved relationship. Because of this relationship, the rubber plant does not produce highly colourful or fragrant flowers to attract other pollinators. The fruit is a small yellow-green oval fig 1 cm long, barely edible; it will only contain viable seed where the relevant fig wasp species is present.

Cultivation and uses

Illustration from Koehler's Medicinal-Plants 1887

Ficus elastica is grown around the world as an ornamental plant, outside in frost-free climates from the tropical to the Mediterranean and inside in colder climates as a houseplant. Although it is grown in Hawaii, the species of fig wasp required to allow to it spread naturally is not currently present there.

In cultivation, it prefers bright sunlight but not hot temperatures. It has a high tolerance for drought, but prefers humidity and thrives in wet, tropical conditions. When grown as an ornamental plant hybrids derived from Ficus elastica Robusta with broader, stiffer and more upright leaves are commonly used instead of the wild form. Many such forms exist, often with variegated leaves.

Most cultivated plants are produced by asexual propagation. This can be done by planting cuttings or air layering. The latter method requires the propagator to cut a slit in the plant's stem. The wound, which oozes with the plant's latex sap, is packed with rooting hormone and wrapped tightly with moist sphagnum moss. The whole structure is wrapped in plastic and left for a few months. When it is unwrapped, new roots have developed from the plant's auxiliary buds. The stem is severed and the new plant is potted on its own.

It can yield a milky white latex also know as sap, which has been used in some cases to make rubber, but it should not be confused with the Para rubber tree, the main commercial source of latex for rubber making.

Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Plantae
Haeckel, 1866^[1]

Divisions

Green algae

Chlorophyta
Charophyta

Land plants (embryophytes)

Non-vascular land plants (bryophytes)

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Magnoliophyta

Classes

Magnoliopsida - Dicots
Liliopsida - Monocots

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of land plants. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms comprise the two extant groups of seed plants.
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Magnoliopsida

Magnoliopsida is the botanical name for a class of flowering plants. By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its can otherwise vary, being more inclusive or less inclusive depending upon the classification system being
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Rosales
Perleb

Families

Barbeyaceae
Cannabaceae (hemp family)
Dirachmaceae
Elaeagnaceae (oleaster/Russian olive family)
Moraceae (mulberry family)
Rhamnaceae (buckthorn family)
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Moraceae
Link

Genera

See text.

Moraceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the mulberry family. It comprises about 40 genera and over 1000 species of plants widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, less common in temperate
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Ficus
L.

Species

see text

Figs, dried
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy 0 kcal 0 kJ

Carbohydrates 64 g
- Sugars 48 g
- Dietary fiber 10 g
Fat 1 g
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banyan is a fig that starts its life as an epiphyte when its seeds germinate in the cracks and crevices on a host tree (or on structures like buildings and bridges). "Banyan" often refers specifically to the species Ficus benghalensis
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binomial nomenclature is the formal system of naming species. The system is also called binominal nomenclature (particularly in zoological circles), binary nomenclature (particularly in botanical circles), or the binomial classification system.
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William Roxburgh (June 29, 1751 – April 10, 1815) was a Scottish physician and botanist. He has been called the Father of Indian Botany.^[1]

Early life

Roxburgh was born at Underwood in the parish of Craigie, Ayrshire.
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Plantae
Haeckel, 1866^[1]

Divisions

Green algae

Chlorophyta
Charophyta

Land plants (embryophytes)

Non-vascular land plants (bryophytes)

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Coordinates: Assam pronunciation (help info ) (Assamese:
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Motto
"Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" (Old Javanese)
"Unity in Diversity"
National ideology: Pancasila^[1]
Anthem
Indonesia Raya
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Sumatra<nowiki />

Topography of Sumatra

Geography
<nowiki/>
Location South East Asia
Coordinates <nowiki />
Archipelago
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Java
Native name: Jawa<nowiki />

Topography of Java

Geography
<nowiki/>
Location Southeast Asia
Coordinates <nowiki />
Archipelago
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tree is a perennial woody plant. It is sometimes defined as a woody plant that attains diameter of 10 cm (30 cm girth) or more at breast height (130 cm above ground).
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Aerial roots are roots that are aboveground. They are almost always adventitious. They are found in diverse plant species, including epiphytes also known as air plants, which includes the orchids, tropical coastal swamp trees such as mangroves, the resourceful banyan tree, the
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Buttress roots are large roots on all sides of a tall or shallowly rooted tree. Typically they are found in rainforests where soils are poor so roots don't go deep. They prevent the tree from falling over (hence the name buttress) and help gather more nutrients.
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leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat (laminar) and thin, to expose the cells containing chloroplast (chlorenchyma tissue, a type of parenchyma) to light over a broad area, and to allow light to penetrate
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Hubba Bubba is a brand of chewing gum originally produced by Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company in the U.S. in 1979 but more recently produced in countries around the world. The main gimmick used to promote the gum is that Hubba Bubba is less sticky than other brands of bubble gum and so
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Agaonidae

Subfamilies

Agaoninae
Epichrysomallinae
Otitesellinae
Sycoecinae
Sycophaginae
Sycoryctinae

Fig wasps are wasps of the family Agaonidae which pollinate figs or are otherwise associated with figs.
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fruit has different meanings depending on context. In botany, a fruit is the ripened ovary—together with seeds—of a flowering plant. In many species, the fruit incorporates the ripened ovary and surrounding tissues.
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For other meanings of seed, see seed (disambiguation).

SEED

General
KISA
1998

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128 bits

Block size(s):| 128 bits
Nested Feistel network
16

SEED
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An ornamental plant is a plant that is grown for its ornamental qualities, rather than for its commercial or other value. The term is often abbreviated to ornamental (usually as a noun) when used in horticultural contexts.
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houseplant is a plant that is grown indoors in places such as residences and offices. Houseplants are commonly grown for decorative purposes and health reasons such as indoor air purification.
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State of Hawaii
Mokuʻāina o Hawaiʻi

Flag of Hawaii Seal of Hawaii
Nickname(s): The Aloha State

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Ficus Elastica

Cultivation and uses

Early life