Glucosidases
Information about Glucosidases
Glucosidases are glycoside hydrolase enzymes categorized under the EC number 3.2.1.
They catalyze the cleavage of individual glucosyl residues from various glycoconjugates including alpha- or beta-linked polymers of glucose.
Function
α-glucosidases are enzymes involved in breaking down complex carbohydrates such as starch and glycogenThey catalyze the cleavage of individual glucosyl residues from various glycoconjugates including alpha- or beta-linked polymers of glucose.
Members
Different sources include different members in this class. Members marked with a "#" are considered by MeSH to be glucosidases.| Name | EC | Description |
| α-Amylase | EC 3.2.1.1 | is a digestive enzyme in mammals |
| β-Amylase | EC 3.2.1.2 | is a plant enzyme to break down starch |
| γ-Amylase | EC 3.2.1.3 | is a digestive enzyme |
| Cellulase # | EC 3.2.1.4 | breaks down cellulose from plant material |
| Sucrase-isomaltase | EC 3.2.1.10 | - |
| Acid α-glucosidase # | EC 3.2.1.20 | is associated with Glycogen storage disease type II |
| Beta-glucosidase # | EC 3.2.1.21 | - is associated with gaucher's disease |
| Lactase | EC 3.2.1.23 | one member of the β-galactosidase family, breaks down milk sugars, and its absence in adulthood causes lactose intolerance |
| Debranching enzyme # | EC 3.2.1.33 | - |
| Pullulanase | EC 3.2.1.41 | has been used as a detergent |
Clinical significance
They are targeted by alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose and miglitol to control diabetes mellitus type 2.See also
External links
Hydrolase: sugar hydrolases (EC 3.2) | |
|---|---|
| 3.2.1: Glycoside hydrolases | Amylase (Alpha-Amylase) - Chitinase - Lysozyme - Neuraminidase - Galactosidases (Alpha, Beta) - alpha-Mannosidase - Glucuronidase - Hyaluronidase - Pullulanase - Glucocerebrosidase - Galactosylceramidase - Alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase - Fucosidase - Hexosaminidase - Iduronidase - Disaccharidase (Sucrase/Sucrase-isomaltase/Invertase, Maltase, Trehalase, Lactase) - Glucosidases (Cellulase, Alpha-glucosidase, Beta-glucosidase, Debranching enzyme) |
| 3.2.2: Hydrolysing N-Glycosyl compounds | DNA glycosylases: Oxoguanine glycosylase |
Glycoside hydrolases (also called glycosidases) catalyze the hydrolysis of the glycosidic linkage to generate two smaller sugars. They are extremely common enzymes with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose and hemicellulose, in anti-bacterial
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Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e. accelerate) chemical reactions.[1] In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates, and the enzyme converts them into different molecules, the products.
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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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Starch (CAS# 9005-25-8, chemical formula (C6H10O5)n,[1]) is a mixture of amylose and amylopectin (usually in 20:80 or 30:70 ratios).
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Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose (Glc) which functions as the primary short term energy storage in animal cells. It is made primarily by the liver and the muscles, but can also be made by the brain, uterus, and the vagina.
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A glycosyl group is a structure obtained by removing the hydroxyl group from the hemiacetal function, the anomeric carbon, of a monosaccharide and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide.
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Glycoconjugates is the general classification for carbohydrates covalently linked with other chemical species. Glycoconjugates are very important compounds in biology and consist of many different categories such as glycoproteins, glycopeptides, peptidoglycans, glycolipids, and
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A mesh is similar to fabric or a web in that it has many connected or weaved pieces. In clothing, a mesh is often defined as a loosely woven fabric that has a large number of closely-spaced holes, frequently used for modern sports jerseys and other clothing.
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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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Digestion is the process of metabolism whereby a biological entity processes a substance in order to chemically and mechanically convert the substance for the body to use.
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Overview
Digestion occurs at the multicellular, cellular, and sub-cellular levels, usually in animals...... Click the link for more information.
Mammalia
Linnaeus, 1758
Subclasses & Infraclasses
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Linnaeus, 1758
Subclasses & Infraclasses
- Subclass †Allotheria*
- Subclass Prototheria
- Subclass Theria
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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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Plantae
Haeckel, 1866[1]
Divisions
Green algae
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Haeckel, 1866[1]
Divisions
Green algae
- Chlorophyta
- Charophyta
- Non-vascular land plants (bryophytes)
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Starch (CAS# 9005-25-8, chemical formula (C6H10O5)n,[1]) is a mixture of amylose and amylopectin (usually in 20:80 or 30:70 ratios).
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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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Cellulase refers to a class of enzymes produced chiefly by fungi, bacteria, and protozoans that catalyze the cellulolysis(or hydrolysis of cellulose). However, there are also cellulases produced by other types of organisms such as plants and animals.
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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula (C6H10O5)n. It is a structural polysaccharide derived from beta-glucose.[1][2] Cellulose is the primary structural component of green plants.
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Sucrase-isomaltase is an glucosidase enzyme.
A deficiency is responsible for sucrose intolerance.
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A deficiency is responsible for sucrose intolerance.
See also
- sucrase
- isomaltase
- brush border
External links
- MeSH Sucrase-isomaltase+complex
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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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MeSH D006009 Glycogen storage disease type II (also called Pompe disease or acid maltase deficiency) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in the enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) (EC 3.2.1.
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Identifiers
Symbol GBA3
Entrez 57733
HUGO 19069
OMIM 606619
RefSeq NM_020973
UniProt Q9H227
Other data
EC number 3.2.1.21
Locus Chr. 4 p15.
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Symbol GBA3
Entrez 57733
HUGO 19069
OMIM 606619
RefSeq NM_020973
UniProt Q9H227
Other data
EC number 3.2.1.21
Locus Chr. 4 p15.
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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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MeSH D005776
Gaucher's disease (pronounced ) is the most common of the lysosomal storage diseases. It is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase, leading to an accumulation of its substrate, the fatty substance glucocerebroside (also known as
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Gaucher's disease (pronounced ) is the most common of the lysosomal storage diseases. It is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase, leading to an accumulation of its substrate, the fatty substance glucocerebroside (also known as
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Lactase (LCT), a member of the β-galactosidase family of enzymes, is a glycoside hydrolase involved in the hydrolysis of the disaccharide lactose into constituent galactose and glucose monomers.
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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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β-galactosidase is a hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of β-galactosides into monosaccharides. Substrates of different β-galactosidases include ganglioside GM1, lactosylceramides, lactose, and various glycoproteins.
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Milk is an opaque white liquid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals (including monotremes). Mammary glands are highly specialized sweat glands. The female ability to produce milk is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.
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neutrality is disputed.
* It may contain original research or unverifiable claims.
Please help [ improve the article] or discuss these issues on the talk page. The term adult has three distinct meanings:
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* It may contain original research or unverifiable claims.
Please help [ improve the article] or discuss these issues on the talk page. The term adult has three distinct meanings:
- Grown man or woman; mature person.
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