Information about Human Poverty Index

The Human Poverty Index is an indication of the standard of living in a country, developed by the United Nations (UN). For highly developed countries, the UN considers that it can better reflect the extent of deprivation compared to the Human Development Index.[1].

The human poverty index for developing countries (HPI-1)

The Human Development Reports website summarizes this as "A composite index measuring deprivations in the three basic dimensions captured in the human development index — a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living." The formula for calculating it is:

HPI-1 = $\text{[math]}$

$\text{[math]}$ : Probability at birth of not surviving to age 40 (times 100)
$\text{[math]}$ : Adult illiteracy rate
$\text{[math]}$ : Unweighted average of population without sustainable access to an improved water source and children under weight for age
$\text{[math]}$ : 3

The human poverty index for selected OECD countries (HPI-2)

HPI-2 = $\text{[math]}$

$\text{[math]}$ : Probability at birth of not surviving to age 60 (times 100)
$\text{[math]}$ : Adults lacking functional literacy skills
$\text{[math]}$ : Population below income poverty line (50% of median adjusted household disposable income)
$\text{[math]}$ : Rate of long-term unemployment (lasting 12 months or more)
$\text{[math]}$ : 3

The last report, 2006, only has a ranking for 18 of the 21 countries with the highest Human Development Index. The ranking is as follows (with the country with the lowest amount of poverty at the top):

Ranking	Country	HPI-2	Probability at birth of not surviving to age 60 (%)	People lacking functional literacy skills (%)	Long-term unemployment (%)	Population below 50% of median income (%)
1	Sweden	6.5	7.2	7.5	1.0	6.5
2	Norway	7.0	8.4	7.9	0.4	6.4
3	Netherlands	8.2	8.7	10.5	2.5	7.3
4	Finland	8.2	9.7	10.4	2.1	5.4
5	Denmark	8.4	10.4	9.6	1.3	-
6	Germany	10.3	8.8	14.4	5.0	8.3
7	Switzerland	10.7	7.8	15.9	1.6	7.6
8	Canada	10.9	8.1	14.6	0.7	11.4
9	Luxembourg	11.1	9.7	-	1.2	6.0
10	France	11.4	9.8	-	4.3	8.0
11	Japan	11.7	7.1	-	1.5	11.8
12	Belgium	12.4	9.4	18.4	4.3	8.0
13	Spain	12.6	8.7	-	3.0	14.3
14	Australia	12.8	7.7	17.0	0.9	14.3
15	United Kingdom	14.8	8.7	21.8	1.1	12.4
16	United States	15.4	11.8	20.0	0.6	17.0
17	Ireland	16.1	8.7	22.6	1.5	16.5 \|18\|\|Italy\|\|29.9\|\|7.8\|\|47.0\|\|4.0\|\|12.7

The countries ranked in the top 21 by HDI that are not on this list are Iceland, Austria and New Zealand.

Note that not all countries are included because data for the indicators is not always available. So positions could change if they were. Especially countries at the bottom could drop considerably if the list were extended. For specific values for other countries than the ones on the list, see source links below.

Indicators used are:

Probability at birth of not surviving to age 60 (% of cohort), 2000-2005. Varies from 7.1% for Japan to 11.8 for the USA. This is the indicator that is best known for all countries (including the ones not on the list). Worse values start only at position 35 of the HDI, indicating that many countries could climb on an extended list based on this, knocking down lower ranked countries on the above list.
People lacking functional literacy skills (% of people scoring in the range called “Level 1” in the International Adult Literacy Survey, age 16-65, 1994-2003). Varies from 7.5% for Sweden to 47.0% for Italy. These figures are higher than most commonly cited illiteracy rates due to the choice of the literacy test.
Long-term unemployment (12 months or more, % of labour force), 2005. Varies from 0.4% for Norway to 5.0% for Germany. This indicator has by far the greatest variation, with a value as high as 9.3% at HDI position 37.
Population below 50% of median adjusted household disposable income (%), 1994-2002. Varies from 5.4% for Finland to 17% for the USA.

The population with an income below 11$ per day is not used in the calculation (it is known for too few countries), but this shows a striking variation with scores over 10% for Australia, the UK and the USA, but an extremely low score of 0.3% for Luxembourg, so this could have changed the list considerably if it had been included.

Sources

The standard of living refers to the quality and quantity of goods and services available to people, and the way these goods and services are distributed within a population. It is generally measured by standards such as income inequality, poverty rate, real (i.e.
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Headquarters
(and largest city)
Official languages Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish
Membership 192 member states
Leaders
- Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon
Establishment
-
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Human Development Index (HDI) is the measure of life expectancy, literacy, education, and standard of living for countries worldwide. It is a standard means of measuring well-being, especially child welfare.
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Motto
(Royal) "För Sverige - I tiden" ¹
"For Sweden – With the Times" ²
Anthem
Du gamla, Du fria
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Motto

Royal: Alt for Norge ("Everything for Norway")
1814 Eidsvoll oath: Enige og tro til Dovre faller
("United and faithful until the mountains of Dovre crumble")

Anthem
Ja, vi elsker

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Motto
"Je maintiendrai" (French)
"Ik zal handhaven" (Dutch)
"I shall stand fast"¹
Anthem
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Anthem
Maamme (Finnish)
Vårt land (Swedish)
Our Land
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Motto
none
(Royal motto: Guds hjælp, Folkets kærlighed, Danmarks styrke
"The Help of God, the Love of the People, the Strength of Denmark" )
Anthem
Der er et yndigt land (national)
Kong Christian
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Anthem
"Das Lied der Deutschen" (third stanza)
also called "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit"
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Motto
Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno (Latin) (traditional)^[1]
"One for all, all for one"
Anthem
"Swiss Psalm"
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Motto
"Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sinn" (Luxembourgish)
"We want to remain what we are"
Anthem
Ons Hémécht
"Our Homeland"
Royal anthem
De Wilhelmus ¹
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Motto
Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Anthem
"La Marseillaise"

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Motto
Eendracht maakt macht (Dutch)
L'union fait la force" (French)
Einigkeit macht stark
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Motto
"Plus Ultra" (Latin)
"Further Beyond"
Anthem
"Marcha Real" ¹
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Anthem
Advance Australia Fair ^[1]

Capital Canberra

Largest city Sydney
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Motto
"Dieu et mon droit" ^[2] (French)
"God and my right"
Anthem
"God Save the Queen" ^[3]
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Motto
"In God We Trust" (since 1956)
"E Pluribus Unum" ("From Many, One"; Latin, traditional)
Anthem
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Ireland
Éire
Airlann <nowiki />

Northwest of continental Europe with Great Britain to the east.

Geography <nowiki/>
Location Western Europe <nowiki />
Archipelago
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Anthem
Il Canto degli Italiani
(also known as Fratelli d'Italia)

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Anthem
Lofsöngur

Location of Iceland

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Anthem
Land der Berge, Land am Strome (German)
Land of Mountains, Land on the River
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Anthem
"God Defend New Zealand"
"God Save the Queen"¹

Capital Wellington

Largest city Auckland
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List of countries by literacy rate, as included in the United Nations Development Programme Report 2005 ^[1]. Countries with equal literacy rates are listed in alphabetical order.

Rank Country Literacy rate
1 Australia 99.9
1 Austria 99.
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median is described as the number separating the higher half of a sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half. The median of a finite list of numbers can be found by arranging all the observations from lowest value to highest value and picking
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developed country, or advanced country, is used to categorize countries with developed economies in which the tertiary and quaternary sectors of industry dominate.
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developing country has a relatively low standard of living, an undeveloped industrial base, and a moderate to low Human Development Index (HDI) score. In developing countries, there is low per capita income, widespread poverty, and low capital formation.
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Least Developed Countries (LDCs or Fourth World countries) are countries which according to the United Nations exhibit the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development, with the lowest Human Development Index ratings of all countries in the world.
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High income country is defined by the World Bank as a country with a Gross National Income per capita of $11,116 or more.^] While the term "high income" may be used interchangeably with "First World" and "developed country," the technical definitions of these terms differ.
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Human Poverty Index

The human poverty index for developing countries (HPI-1)

The human poverty index for selected OECD countries (HPI-2)

See also

Sources