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James I Of Cyprus

James I of Cyprus or Jacques I de Lusignan (1334 – September 9, 1398) was King of Cyprus 1369 – 1398 and Titular King of Armenia and Titular King of Jerusalem 1382 – 1398. He was the fourth son of Hugh IV of Cyprus, and became king upon the death of his nephew Peter II. Before becoming a king, he had other offices and was known for his resistance against the Genoese invasion against Cyprus.

After Hugh IV's death, his first son Guy, Titular Prince of Galilee was already dead and his second son Peter I who reigned for 10 years was then murdered. His son, Peter II, who was not adult, reigned when he became adult. Meanwhile, Peter I's wife Eleanor of Aragon to revenge her husband's death, invited Genoese to invade Cyprus.

Since the Genoese had commercial and financial interests in Cyprus, they invaded the island in April 1373. After achieveing the takeover of the well-fortressed city of Famagusta, they arrested and held captive, Peter II and his mother Eleanor who had invited them. After they killed the nobles who had murdered Peter I, they wanted to take control of the island. After the end of the war, Eleanor succeeded the murder of John, which she claimed she was responsible for her husband's murder.

He married his kinswoman Helvis or Helisia of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (1353 – January 15/25, 1421) (daughter of Philip of Brunswick, Constable of Jerusalem and Helisia of Dampierre) in 1365. Her older? brother Johann of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (d. June 11, 1414 unmarried and without issue) was an Admiral of Cyprus and their father Philipp of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (ca 1332 – August 4, 1369/1370) was a Constable of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Their father married firstly ca 1352 Helisia de Dampierre, daughter of Eudes de Dampierre, who was their mother, and secondly in 1368 Alix d'Ibelin (1304/1306 – after August 6, 1386), who became their stepmother. James was created Constable of Cyprus, and in that office, led the war against the Genoese in 1372.

During the invasion, the other two sons of Guy, James and John, resisted to the invasion. James fought well in Kyrenia, resisting the Genoese attack, a resistance that was victorious at the end, under the command of James. However, his nephew Peter II, signed a Treaty with Genoese, who kept Famagusta and in the Treaty, James had to leave from Cyprus. James, stopped the war and left the island with a ship from Kyrenia in 1374 and went to Europe. At first he went to Rhodes, where he found no help and he was arrested by Genoese and went in Genoa as a captive with his wife. With the capture of Kyrenia in 1374, he was taken as a hostage to Genoa, where he consummated his marriage with Helvis, whom he had wed when she was twelve. Most or all of their children were born in Genoa. Due to his captivity, he was not crowned until 1385. In Genoa he lived with his wife under hard situation for 9 years, and he gave birth to his first son Janus in that city.

After Peter II's death in 1382, since Peter had no succession, the Parliament of Cyprus decided James to be the king, while he was captive in Genoa. Genoese, inorder to release him to go to Cyprus to become a king, they negotiated with him and received his signature for agreement on February 2, 1383. Under that agreement, Genoese had new privileges for commercial activities. Famagusta was still under Genoese sovereignty, something that was never accepted by either James and other kings after him and during his reign he tried to regain that city.

Until he was released, the Kingdom of Cyprus was governed by 12 nobles. After he was released in 1383, he was not accepted, as it is referred by the historian Leontios Makhairas and returned to Genoa. Some nobles opposed the return of James, lead by the brothers Perotte and Vilmonde de Montolivve, who were believing that with that situation they could become kings. James' opponents could not be beaten, until 1385. In April 1385, James came back again in Cyprus and he went to Nicosia, where he was welcomed with great enthousiasm. He was crowned in May 1385 in Saint Sophia Cathedral. After his crowning, his opponents were arrested and punished.

He was crowned as King of Jerusalem in 1389 and in 1393, Leo VI of Armenia died, and James assumed the title of King of Armenia, and was formally crowned as King in 1396. That kingdom was by now reduced to the cities of Korikos and Vitzada, which had been in Cypriote hands since its conquest by Peter I of Cyprus. So when in 1382, Peter II died, James succeeded him, since Peter didn't have a son. He died in Nicosia.

He had twelve children: Upon his death, his son Janus succeeded to the throne.

Regnal titles
Preceded by
Peter II		King of Cyprus
1382 – 1398		Succeeded by
Janus
Preceded by
Leo VI		King of Armenia
1393 – 1398
Titles in pretence
Preceded by
Peter II		— TITULAR —
King of Jerusalem
1382 – 1398		Succeeded by
Janus
1334 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1334
MCCCXXXIV
Ab urbe condita 2087
Armenian calendar 783
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Bah' calendar -510 – -509
Buddhist calendar 1878
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September 9 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

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The Kingdom of Cyprus was a Crusader kingdom on the island of Cyprus in the high and late Middle Ages.

The island was conquered from Isaac Comnenus, an upstart local governor and self-proclaimed emperor claiming the Empire of Constantinople, in 1191 by King Richard I
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1369 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1369
MCCCLXIX
Ab urbe condita 2122
Armenian calendar 818
ԹՎ ՊԺԸ
Bah' calendar -475 – -474
Buddhist calendar 1913
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13rd century - 14th century - 15th century
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The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (also known as Lesser Armenia; Armenian: Կիլիկիոյ Հայկական
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Kingdom of Jerusalem was a Christian kingdom established in the Levant in 1099 after the First Crusade. It lasted less than two hundred years, until 1291 when the last remaining outpost, Acre, was destroyed by the Mamluks.
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1382 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1382
MCCCLXXXII
Ab urbe condita 2135
Armenian calendar 831
ԹՎ ՊԼԱ
Bah' calendar -462 – -461
Buddhist calendar 1926
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13rd century - 14th century - 15th century
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Hugh IV of Cyprus or Hughues IV de Lusignan (c. 1295 or 1293-1296 – October 10, 1359) was King of Cyprus from 1324 to his abdication on November 24, 1358 and, nominally, King of Jerusalem, as Hugh II, until his death.
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Peter II of Cyprus or Pierre II le Gros de Lusignan (ca 1357 or 1354/1357 – October 13, 1382), called The Fat, was king of Cyprus from January 17, 1369 until his death. He was the son of Peter I of Cyprus and his second wife Eleanor of Aragon.
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The Principality of Galilee was one of the four major seigneuries of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, according to 13th-century commentator John of Ibelin. The direct holdings of the principality were around Tiberias, in Galilee proper, but with all its vassals, the lordship
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Peter I of Cyprus or Pierre I de Lusignan (Nicosia, October 9, 1328 – Palace of La Cava, Nicosia, January 17, 1369) was King of Cyprus, Latin King of Armenia from 1361 or 1368 and Titular King of Jerusalem from his father's abdication on November 24, 1358 until his own
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The Republic of Genoa (Italian: Repubblica di Genova) was an independent state in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast from the 11th century to 1797, when it was invaded by armies of Revolutionary France under Napoleon.
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2007 April >>
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1373 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1373
MCCCLXXIII
Ab urbe condita 2126
Armenian calendar 822
ԹՎ ՊԻԲ
Bah' calendar -471 – -470
Buddhist calendar 1917
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Famagusta (Αμμόχωστος, Gazimağusa)

District Famagusta
Population (30 April 2006 SPO census)[1]
 - City 35,453
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1353 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1353
MCCCLIII
Ab urbe condita 2106
Armenian calendar 802
ԹՎ ՊԲ
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Buddhist calendar 1897
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January 15 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

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Note: The date "Jan/25/1994" is "commemorated" as a font-character in the (MS Win98) "HM Phonetic" font (@1994) -- possibly its "birthday".
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officers of the kingdom of Jerusalem: The first four of these made up the Grand Offices.

At certain times there were also:
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1365 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1365
MCCCLXV
Ab urbe condita 2118
Armenian calendar 814
ԹՎ ՊԺԴ
Bah' calendar -479 – -478
Buddhist calendar 1909
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June 11 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

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1332 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1332
MCCCXXXII
Ab urbe condita 2085
Armenian calendar 781
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Bah' calendar -512 – -511
Buddhist calendar 1876
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August 4 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

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1369 in other calendars
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MCCCLXIX
Ab urbe condita 2122
Armenian calendar 818
ԹՎ ՊԺԸ
Bah' calendar -475 – -474
Buddhist calendar 1913
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1370 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1370
MCCCLXX
Ab urbe condita 2123
Armenian calendar 819
ԹՎ ՊԺԹ
Bah' calendar -474 – -473
Buddhist calendar 1914
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