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Jhansi

''
  Jhansi
Uttar Pradesh • India
 Jhansi 
Coordinates:
Area
• Elevation| |
•  m ( ft)
Region| | Bundelkhand
District(s)| | Jhansi
Language(s)| | Hindi, Urdu
Mayor| style="border-top: 2px dotted #DCDCDC;" | Dr. B. Lal
Deputy Mayor| | Mrs. Sushila Dubey
Website: jhansi.nic.in/
Coordinates:

Jhansi pronunciation (helpinfo) (Urdu: جھانسی, Hindi: झांसी) is a city of Uttar Pradesh state of northern India. Jhansi is a major road and rail junction, and is the administrative seat of Jhansi District and Jhansi Division. The original walled city grew up around its stone fort, which crowns a neighboring rock.

The National Highway Development Project, initiated by the government of Atal Behari Vajpayee, has sparked Jhansi's development. The North-South Corridor connecting Kashmir to Kanyakumari passes through Jhansi. The East-West corridor also goes through this city, so there has been a sudden rush to infrastructure and real estate development in the city. A greenfield airport is also on the anvil.

History

In the 9th century, the region of Jhansi came under the rule of the Rajput Chandela dynasty of Khajuraho. The artificial reservoirs and architectural remains probably date from this era. The Chandelas were succeeded by their servants the Khangars, who built the nearby fort of Karar. About the fourteenth century the Bundelas poured down upon the plains from the Vindhya Range, and gradually spread themselves over the whole of the Bundelkhand region which now bears their name. The fortress of Jhansi was built by the ruler of Orchha state in 1610. Legend says that when a king of Orchha saw a shadow ('jhain' in bundelkhand) on a distant mound, he is said to have called it jhain-si (kind of shadow). Jhansi got its name from this utterance.

The Muslim governors of the Mughal empire were constantly making incursions into the Bundela country. In 1732 Chhatrasal, the Bundela king, called in the aid of the Hindu Marathas. They came to his assistance, and were rewarded by the bequest of one-third of the Maharaja's dominions upon his death two years later. The Maratha general developed the city of Jhansi, and peopled it with inhabitants from Orchha state. In 1806 British protection was promised to the Maratha chief. In 1817, however, the Peshwa in Pune ceded all his rights over Bundelkhand to the British East India Company. In 1853 the Raja of Jhansi died childless, and his territory was annexed by the Governor-General of India. The Jhansi state and the Jalaun and Chanderi districts were then formed into a superintendency. Rani Lakshmibai, widow of the Raja, protested the annexation because she was not allowed to adopt an heir (as was customary), and because the slaughter of cattle was permitted in the Jhansi territory.

The Revolt of 1857 accordingly found Jhansi ripe for rebellion. In June a few men of the 12th native infantry seized the fort containing the treasure and magazine, and massacred the European officers of the garrison. Rani Lakshmibai put herself at the head of the rebels and died bravely in battle in Gwalior. It was not until November, 1858 that Jhansi was brought under British control. It had been given to the Maharaja of Gwalior, but came under British rule in 1886 as the result of a territorial swap. Jhansi was added to the United Provinces, which became the state of Uttar Pradesh after India's Independence in 1947.

Population

Jhansi city has 77th rank among the most populated cities of India, according to 2001 Census.

Geography and climate

Jhansi is located at 25.4333 N 78.5833 E. It has an average elevation of 284 metres (935 feet).[1] Jhansi is located in the plateau of central India which is mainly rocky area with so much minerals underneath. The city has a natural slope in the north as it lies on the south western border of the vast Tarai plains of Uttar Pradesh. The elevation rises on the south. The land is suitable for citrus species fruits. Crops include wheat, pulses, peas, oilseeds. The region relies heavily on Monsoon rains for irrigation purposes. Under an ambitious canal project(Rajghat canal), the government is constructing a network of canals for irrigation in Jhansi and Lalitpur and some area of Madhya Pradesh.

Being on a rocky plateau, Jhansi experiences extreme temperatures. Little bit of Winter starts in October when the monsoon is over(now a days there is not so much raining in this part because of the global warming) and peaks in mid-December. The mercury moves within the ranges of 4 degrees (minimum, in the mid nights) and 21 degrees (maximum, during the day) on the Celsius scale.End of the february brings the Spring season here which marks the end of winter. Summer begins in April and summer temperatures are between 34 degrees and 47 degrees Celsius during the day. Summer nights are little cooler after midnight. The rainy season starts in the third week of June( now a days there is a trend that the signs of monsoon are seen in mid may), with Monsoon rains washing central India. Monsoon rains gradually weaken in September and the season ends in the last week of September. In the rainy season, average day temperature hovers around 36 degrees Celsius with great humidity. The average rainfall for this city is 35 inches per year.

Representatives

Jhansi parliamentary constituency includes geographical boundaries of Jhansi and Lalitpur districts. Jhansi has the Jhansi city, Babina, Mauranipur, and Garoutha seats in the State Assembly.

Hospitals

Jhansi is a a hub for medical care in the Bundelkhand region. It has a Medical College which is being revamped now. The District Hospital has many new facilities to serve patients. There are plenty of private hospitals, especially in the Medical College area.

Government Private:

Education

Main article: Educational Institutions in Jhansi
Jhansi city is a major hub of education in Bundelkhand region. Schools and colleges are run by government as well as private organizations.

Bundelkhand University, established in 1975, provides degrees in basic sciences and professional courses. Most of the colleges of Jhansi city and surrounding regions are affiliated with the university. Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering & Technology is government engineering college affiliated to Uttar Pradesh Technical University (UPTU). Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College provides medical education in medicine as well as dental courses. Jhansi also has a Ayurvedic medicine college college of science and engineering is a developing college dedicated for engineering.

Apart from colleges of higher education Jhansi city has many Schools and colleges run by government and private organizations. Hindi and English are used for instruction in schools. Schools are affiliated with either the UP Board,Indian Certificate of Secondary Education|Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE), CBSE|Central Board for Secondary Education (CBSE) or UP Board with Christ The king College,Cathedral College, St.Marks college, St.francis college for girls, central military school and Government Inter College being the renowned ones among them.

The 2001 Census of India shows the male literacy rate of Jhansi is 80.1%; the female literacy rate is 51.2%; while the overall literacy rate is 66.7%.[2]

Research Centres

Jhansi has two important research centres which are doing the research in the fields of Agro Forestry and Grasslands and Fodder. Indian Grasslands and Fodder Research Institute(IGFRI) has a Jhansi unit in Jhansi city near Pahuj River dam. National Research Centre for Agro Forestry(NRCAF) was founded in 1988 and is responsible for the research in agro forestry on barren land in the Bundelkhand region. Both work under Indian Council of Agricultural Research.

Telephone companies

Four operators in Fixed and Fixed Wireless Line telephony are found here. All the above mentioned companies are Broadband internet service provider too.

These are the operators in Mobile Telephony, in Jhansi city.

Radio Stations

The city has two FM radio stations. Two other private radio stations will start soon.

Print Media

Hindi print media barons have a strong presence in this city. Jhansi has mainly these Hindi daily newspapers.

Tourism

Hotels

Places of interest

Excursions

Eminent people associated with Jhansi

Person Comments
Rani Lakshmi BaiThe great heroine of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. She lived for only twenty-two years. She became a widow in her eighteenth year. She was the embodiment of patriotism, self-respect and heroism. She was the queen of a small state, but the empress of a limitless empire of glory. Her name is synonymous with Jhansi.
Dhyan ChandMajor Dhyan Chand(1905-1979) - The great legend of field hockey is also known as the "Hockey Wizard". Once they broke his stick in Holland to check if there was a magnet inside; in Japan they decided it was glue. Dhyan Chand realised India’s Olympic dream singlehandedly when he brought home the first ever gold medal in 1928 Amsterdam Olympics. The second gold was earned in 1932 Los Angeles Olympics and the third in 1936 Berlin Olympics where the wizard of hockey scored seven consecutive goals. In 1932 India scored 338 goals in 37 matches, 133 of them his contribution. His son Ashok Kumar was also a prominent Indian hockey player.
Maithili Sharan GuptMaithilisharan Gupt (1886-1965) was one of the most famous modern Hindi poets. He was born in Chirgaon in Jhansi. He was designated as the National Poet by the first government of the independent India.
Dr. Vrindavan Lal VermaDr. Vrindavan Lal Verma was a prominent Hindi novelist, famous for his novels 'Jhansi Ki Rani', 'Mrignayani', 'Amarbel' and 'Kachnar'.
Mahakavi Keshav DassMahakavi Keshav Dass (1561-1621) was a great Hindi poet.
Mahavir Prasad DwivediIf railwayman Jim Corbett was a legend in his lifetime, his successor Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi in the Indian Central Railway (then G.I.P. Railway) was no less so. He virtually steered the course of Hindi language and literature to what we have today. During his railway service in Jhansi, Dwivedi earned wide fame as a writer and litterateur. He took the Hindi world by storm when he published his translations and critical works, including Sahitya Sandarbh and Vichar Vimarsh. He wrote extensively on Kalidas and Bharathari, and wrote Puratatwa Prasang and Vigyan Varta. No other contemporary writer in Hindi had so prolific and authoritative a pen as Dwivedi. He was the ‘Dr. Johnson’ of his time. And he rode to fame, toiling hard even after a day-long grill of attending to arrivals and departures of trains.
Chandra Shekhar 'Azad'Chandra Shekhar Azad(1906-1931) became the leader of young revolutionaries in northern India and formed Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. He successfully carried out revolutionary activities/actions to demolish the British Rule in India. He gave leadership to young revolutionaries across northern India and became a major threat to the British Empire in India. He Chose Jhansi as the center of his group's activities.
Pandit Sitaram Bhaskar BhagwatPandit Sitaram Bhaskar Bhagwat (1904-1999) was a freedom fighter in India's struggle against the British rule. His ancestors actively took part in the revolution of 1857 and all the male family members were massacred by the British rulers after the failure of that revolution in Kalpi where the Bhagwat family had lived. Sitaram Bhagwat's great grand father, Pandit Narayan Rao Bhagwat alias "Tatya" Bhagwat had offered himself to be hanged in place of the great revolutionary Tatya Tope, and he facilitated the escape of Tatya Tope from the Shivpuri prison.

Sitaram Bhagwat was sent into prison several times by the British between 1921 and 1947. In 1932's movement, his wife, Savitri Bai also served a term in prison.

Sitaram Bhagwat had a multi-faceted personality. He was a "Vaidya" (physician) by profession. He was instrumental in establishing several educational institutions in and around Jhansi.
Pandit Raghunath Vinayak DhulekarBorn January 6, 1891 in Jhansi, Pandit Dhulekar was the founder of the Jhansi Branch of Indian National Congress. He was elected by people of Jhansi to Lok Sabha in 1952. Pandit Dhulekar was the only one among the first 500 parliamentarians to have signed the Indian consititution. He also became Speaker of the Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Parishad and was one of the prominent leaders of Congress. As a landmark event, he married his eldest son Vasant Raghunath Dhulekar to the daughter of eminent Hindu Mahasabha Leader Pandit D K Bankwar of Harda District.

Pandit Dhulekar presented the bill in Lok Sabha to make Hindi the National Language of India
Subodh MukherjeeBorn on 14 April 1921 was a famous Director / Producer / Writer of Hindi Cinema, his hits includes Dev Anand starer Paying Guest, Munimji and Love Marriage (Some part of the movie were shooted at Jhansi with Bipin Bihari Inter college in background), and Junglee. He died on 21st May 2005. He was a brother of Sashadhar Mukherjee, famous Producer in Hindi films during early 40s and co-founder of Filmalaya Studios.
Subodh KhandekarThis man Subodh Khandekar has been an Olympian hockey player. He has represented India in various international tournaments including Olympic Games. Currently he plays in the Railways team and has retired from international hockey.
Abdul AzeezAbdul Azeez is also a marvelous hockey player. He has played for India for a long time and he is a contemporary of Subodh Khandekar. He was a specialist playmaker in the Right flank. His favorite position is Right-Out.
Tushar KhandekarTushar Khandekar has kept Jhansi's tradition of producing great hockey players alive. He is the latest edition in the list of world famous hockey players from Jhansi. He is a perfect blend of the sub-continent's stylish hockey with the European pace on the field. He started his career playing with the India juniors. He successfully graduated to India seniors. He is a promising players and our hope for the coming Olympics.

References

1. ^ Falling Rain Genomics
2. ^ Literacy rates by sex for state and districts of Uttar Pradesh. upgov.nic.in. Retrieved on 2006-09-14.

External links

Coordinates:

Uttar Pradesh (Hindi: उत्तर प्रदेश, Urdu:
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geographic coordinate system enables every location on the earth to be specified by the three coordinates of a spherical coordinate system aligned with the spin axis of the Earth.
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The geography of India is diverse, with landscape ranging from snow-capped mountain ranges to deserts, plains, rainforests, hills, and plateaus. India comprises most of the Indian subcontinent situated on the Indian Plate, the northerly portion of the Indo-Australian Plate.
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elevation of a geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point, often the mean sea level. Elevation, or geometric height, is mainly used when referring to points on the Earth's surface, while altitude or geopotential height
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This is a list of unofficial, or quasi-official regions of India. Some are geographic regions, others ethnic, linguistic, dialect, or cultural regions, and some correspond to historic countries, states or provinces. For ecological regions, see Ecoregions of India.
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Bundelkhand is a geographic region of central India. The region is divided between the states of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, with the larger portion lying in Madhya Pradesh.
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district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Districts are further subdivided, in some cases into Sub-Divisions, and otherwise directly into tehsils or talukas.
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Jhansi District is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The town of Jhansi is the district headquarters.

The district is bordered on the north by Jalaun District, to the east by Hamirpur and Mahoba districts, to the south by Tikamgarh District of
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Hindi}}} 
Writing system: Devanagari script 
Official status
Official language of:  India
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Regulated by: Central Hindi Directorate (only in India)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-1: hi
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Urdu}}} 
Writing system: Urdu alphabet (Nasta'liq script) 
Official status
Official language of:  Pakistan ;
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Urdu}}} 
Writing system: Urdu alphabet (Nasta'liq script) 
Official status
Official language of:  Pakistan ;
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Hindi}}} 
Writing system: Devanagari script 
Official status
Official language of:  India
 Fiji (as Hindustani)
Regulated by: Central Hindi Directorate (only in India)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-1: hi
ISO 639-2:
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Coordinates:

Uttar Pradesh (Hindi: उत्तर प्रदेश, Urdu:
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This page is currently protected from editing until disputes have been resolved.
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Jhansi District is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The town of Jhansi is the district headquarters.

The district is bordered on the north by Jalaun District, to the east by Hamirpur and Mahoba districts, to the south by Tikamgarh District of
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Jhansi Division is one of 17 divisions of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. It includes Jhansi, Jalaun, and Lalitpur districts. The city of Jhansi is the administrative center.
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The National Highways Development Project is a project to upgrade, rehabilitate and widen major highways in India to a higher standard. The project was implemented in 1998.
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Atal Bihari Vajpayee (Hindi: अटल बिहारी वाजपेयी, IPA:
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Kashmir (Urdu: کشمیر) is the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. Historically the term Kashmir was used to refer to the valley lying between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal range.
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Kanyakumari pronunciation   (help info )
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History of Chandelas

Beginning from the ninth century for five hundred years a powerful dynasty of kings known as the Chandellas ruled over Central India with Khajuraho as their capital city. They claimed to be the descendants of the moon (Chandravamshi).
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State Party  India
Type Cultural
Criteria i, iii
Reference 240
Region Asia-Pacific

Inscription History
Inscription 1986  (10th Session)
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The Bundelas (or Bondilis) are a Rajput clan who ruled several states in central India.

The Bundelas of Bundelkhand trace their ancestry to Maharaja Hemkaran (Pancham Singh Bundela), who was driven from his kingdom by his younger brother.
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