Kabardino-Balkaria

Information about Kabardino-Balkaria

Kabardino-Balkar Republic (English)
Кабардино-Балкарская Республик? (Russian)
Къэбэрдей-Балъкъэр Республик? (Kabardian)
Къабарты-Малкъар Республик? (Balkar)

Location of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in Russia
Coat of Arms Flag

Coat of arms of Kabardino-Balkaria
Flag of Kabardino-Balkaria
Anthem: National Anthem of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic
Capital Nalchik
EstablishedJanuary 5 1936
Political status
Federal district
Economic region		Republic
Southern
North Caucasus
Code07
Area
Area
- Rank		 km
80th
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population
- Rank
- Density
- Urban
- Rural		 inhabitants
60th
 inhab. / km
56.6%
43.4%
Official languagesRussian, Kabardian, Balkar
Government
PresidentArsen Kanokov
Chairman of the GovernmentAndrey Yarin
Legislative bodyParliament
ConstitutionConstitution of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic
Official website


The Kabardino-Balkar Republic (Russian: Кабарди́но-Балка́рская Респу́блика; Kabardian: Къэбэрдей-Балъкъэр Республикэ; Balkar: Къабарты-Малкъар Республика), or Kabardino-Balkaria (Russian: Кабарди́но-Балка́рия), is a federal subject of Russia located in the North Caucasus. The direct romanization of the republic's name in the Russian language is Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika, or Kabardino-Balkariya.

Geography

The republic is situated in the North Caucasus mountains, with plains in the northern part.

Time zone

Kabardino-Balkaria is located in the Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD). UTC offset is +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD).

Rivers

Major rivers include:
  • Terek River (623 km)
  • Malka River (216 km)
  • Cherek River (131 km)
  • Chegem River (102 km)
  • Argudan River
  • Baksan River
  • Kurkuzhin River
  • Lesken River
  • Urukh River

Lakes

Enlarge picture
Detailed map of Kabardino-Balkaria.
There are around one hundred lakes in the Republic, none of which are large. Just over half (fifty-five) are located between the Baksan and Malka Rivers, the largest each of an area of no more than 0.01 km². Some of the lakes are:
  • Tserikkel Lake (area 26,000 m²; depth 368 m)
  • Lower Goluboye Lake
  • Kel-Ketchen Lake (depth 177 m)
  • Upper Goluboye Lake (depth 18 m)
  • Sekretnoye Lake
  • Tambukanskoy Lake (area 1.77 km²; depth 1.5 to 2 m), partially within Stavropol Krai.

Mountains

Mount Elbrus, the highest peak of the North Caucasus and Europe, is located in the republic. Other major mountains include:
  • Mount Dykhtau (5,402 m)
  • Mount Koshkhatau (5,151 m)
  • Mount Shkhara (5,068 m)
  • Pushkin Peak (5,033 m)
  • Mount Mizhergi (5,025 m)

Natural resources

Kabardino-Balkaria's natural resources include molybdenum, tungsten ores, and coal.

Climate

The republic has a continental type climate.
  • Average January temperature: -4°C (plains) to -12°C (mountains).
  • Average July temperature: +23°C (plains) to +4°C (mountains)
  • Average annual precipitation: 500-2,000 mm.

Administrative divisions

Main article: Administrative divisions of Kabardino-Balkaria

Demographics

  • Population: 901,494 (2002)
  • Urban: 510,346 (56.6%)
  • Rural: 391,148 (43.4%)
  • Male: 422,720 (46.9%)
  • Female: 478,774 (53.1%)
  • Females per 1000 males: 1,133
  • Average age: 30.9 years
  • Urban: 32.4 years
  • Rural: 29.0 years
  • Male: 29.1 years
  • Female: 32.8 years
  • Number of households: 227,922 (with 891,783 people)
  • Urban: 144,872 (with 504,085 people)
  • Rural: 83,050 (with 387,698 people)
  • Vital statistics (2005)
  • Births: 8,991 (birth rate 10.0)
  • Deaths: 9,034 (death rate 10.1)
  • Ethnic groups
Kabardino-Balkaria consists of two ethnic territories, one predominantly of Kabardin (speakers of a North-West Caucasian language) and the other predominantly Balkars (speakers of a Turkic language). According to the 2002 Census, Kabardin make up 55.3% of the republic's population, followed by Russians (25.1%) and Balkars (11.6%). Other groups include Ossetians (9,845, or 1.1%), Turks (8,770, or 1.0%), Ukrainians (7,592, or 0.8%), Armenians (5,342, or 0.6%), Koreans (4,722, or 0.5%), Chechens (4,241, or 0.5%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population.
census 1926 census 1939 census 1959 census 1970 census 1979 census 1989 census 2002
Kabardins122,402 (60.0%)152,237 (42.4%)190,284 (45.3%)264,675 (45.0%)303,604 (45.5%)364,494 (48.2%)498,702 (55.3%)
Balkars33,197 (16.3%)40,747 (11.3%)34,088 (8.1%)51,356 (8.7%)59,710 (9.0%)70,793 (9.4%)104,951 (11.6%)
Russians15,344 (7.5%)129,067 (35.9%)162,586 (38.7%)218,595 (37.2%)234,137 (35.1%)240,750 (31.9%)226,620 (25.1%)
Ossetians4,078 (2.0%)4,608 (1.3%)6,442 (1.5%)9,167 (1.6%)9,710 (1.5%)9,996 (1.3%)9,845 (1.1%)
Ukrainians17,213 (8.4%)11,142 (3.1%)8,400 (2.0%)10,620 (1.8%)12,139 (1.8%)12,826 (1.7%)7,592 (0.8%)
Others11,772 (5.8%)21,328 (5.9%)18,315 (4.4%)33,790 (5.7%)47,246 (7.1%)55,672 (7.4%)53,784 (6.0%)

History

Main article: History of Kabardino-Balkaria

Politics

The head of government in Kabardino-Balkaria is the President. The current President is Arsen Kanokov, who has held the position since September 2005.

The parliament of the Repubilc is the Legislative Assembly comprising two chambers with 36 deputies elected for a five year term each—the Council of the Republic and the Council of Representatives.

The Constitution of Kabardino-Balkaria was adopted on September 1, 1997.

Economy

The economy of Kabardino-Balkaria is primarily agricultural, with lumber production and mining. Most of the industry centers on agricultural processing. The fall of the Soviet Union and the outbreak of the various conflicts in the Caucasus have hit the republic hard, causing a collapse in tourism in the region and producing an unemployment level estimated to be as high as 90%. Poverty is reported to be an endemic problem in the republic.

See also

External links


 •  • [ e]
Subdivisions of Russia
Federal subjects
RepublicsAdygea Altai Bashkortostan Buryatia Chechnya Chuvashia Dagestan Ingushetia Kabardino-Balkaria Kalmykia Karachay-Cherkessia Karelia Khakassia Komi Mari El Mordovia North Ossetia-Alania Sakha Tatarstan Tuva Udmurtia
KraisAltai Kamchatka Khabarovsk Krasnodar Krasnoyarsk Perm Primorsky Stavropol
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Federal citiesMoscow St. Petersburg
Autonomous oblastsJewish
Autonomous okrugsAga Buryatia1 Chukotka Khantia-Mansia Nenetsia Ust-Orda Buryatia2 Yamalia
Central Far Eastern Northwestern Siberian Southern Urals Volga
1 On March 1 2008, Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug are due to merge to form Zabaykalsky Krai.
2 On January 1, 2008, Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug is due to merge into Irkutsk Oblast.
 •  • [ e]
Countries and regions of the Caucasus
Enlarge picture
Caucasia 1952-1991
Enlarge picture
Caucasia in 1882


 •  • [ e]
Turkic-speaking regions
Federal subjects of Russia shown in italics
Western Turkic
 Azerbaijan1
 Gagauzia (Moldova)
 Kazakhstan
 Uzbekistan
1 Includes the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic.    2 Recognized only by Turkey; see Cyprus dispute.
Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms.[1] To most, though, heraldry is the practice of designing, displaying, describing, and recording coats of arms and badges.
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For the Radiohead song, see "The National Anthem".
A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a country's government as the official
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На́льчи? (Russian)

Kabardino-Balkaria on the map of Russia
Coordinates
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January 5 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

Events

  • 1463 - Poet François Villon is banned from Paris.

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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1900s  1910s  1920s  - 1930s -  1940s  1950s  1960s
1933 1934 1935 - 1936 - 1937 1938 1939

Year 1936 (MCMXXXVI
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Russia

This article is part of the series:
Politics of Russia

  • Constitution
  • President: Vladimir Putin
  • Presidential Administration
  • Security Council

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federal districts (Russian: федера́льные округа́, sing.
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Russia is divided into twelve economic regions (Russian: экономи́ческие райо́ны, ekonomicheskiye rayony, sing.
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republics. The republics represent areas of non-Russian ethnicity. The indigenous ethnic group of the republic that gives the republic the name is known as the "titular nationality".
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Southern Federal District (Russian: Ю́жный федера́льный о́круг; tr.
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North Caucasus economic region (Russian: Се́веро-Кавка́зский
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Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. The term Surface area is the summation of the areas of the exposed sides of an object.

Units

Units for measuring surface area include:
square metre = SI derived unit

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Here is a list of the 85 federal subjects of Russia in order of size. Values are given using SI (metric) units. According to reports from the 2002 Census, the total area of Russia is 17,075,400 km² (6,592,849 mi²).
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Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of surface area, the square metre, one of the SI derived units. 1 km² is equal to:
  • 1,000,000 m²
  • 100 ha (hectare)
Conversely:
  • 1 m² = 0.

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Births: 1,476,300 (2006) [1]

Deaths: 2,165,700 (2006)

Population Growth Rate (2007 est. CIA): -0.484% [2]

Birth rate: 10.92 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Death rate: 16.
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For other uses, see Russian Census.


Russian Census of 2002 (Russian: Всеросси́йская
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Here is a list of the 85* federal subjects of Russia in order of population according to the 2002 Census. The total of all federal subjects is 145,166,731, which does not include nationals living abroad at the time of census.
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Russian}}} 
Writing system: Cyrillic (Russian variant)  
Official status
Official language of:  Abkhazia (Georgia)
 Belarus
 Commonwealth of Independent States (working)
 Crimea (de facto; Ukraine)
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The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language (see Adyghe people), both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family, mainly spoken in Kabardino-Balkar Republic and Karachay-Cherkess Republic of Russia (the native territories) and in Turkey and the
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Karachay-Balkar language (Къарачай-Малкъар /Qarachay-Malqar/) is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars.
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Arsen Bashirovich Kanokov (Kabardian: Къанокъуэ Арсен, Qanoque Arsen; Russian: Арсен Баширович
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A legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to adopt laws.

Legislatures are known by many names, the most common being parliament and congress, although these terms also have more specific meanings.
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republics. The republics represent areas of non-Russian ethnicity. The indigenous ethnic group of the republic that gives the republic the name is known as the "titular nationality".
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Russian}}} 
Writing system: Cyrillic (Russian variant)  
Official status
Official language of:  Abkhazia (Georgia)
 Belarus
 Commonwealth of Independent States (working)
 Crimea (de facto; Ukraine)
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The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language (see Adyghe people), both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family, mainly spoken in Kabardino-Balkar Republic and Karachay-Cherkess Republic of Russia (the native territories) and in Turkey and the
..... Click the link for more information.
Karachay-Balkar language (Къарачай-Малкъар /Qarachay-Malqar/) is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars.
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Russian}}} 
Writing system: Cyrillic (Russian variant)  
Official status
Official language of:  Abkhazia (Georgia)
 Belarus
 Commonwealth of Independent States (working)
 Crimea (de facto; Ukraine)
..... Click the link for more information.

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