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King's Lynn

King's Lynn
Lynn
Enlarge picture
King's Lynn (United Kingdom)

King's Lynn (United Kingdom)

King's Lynn shown within the United Kingdom
Area  10.97 sq mi (0 km )
Population 34,564 (2001 Census)
OS grid referenceTF619201
District King's Lynn and West Norfolk
Shire county Norfolk
Region East
Constituent country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town London
Postcode district PE30
Dialling code 023 92
Police Norfolk
Fire Norfolk
Ambulance East of England
UK Parliament North West Norfolk
European Parliament East of England
List of places: UK • England • Norfolk
Coordinates:

King's Lynn is a town and port in Norfolk, England. Over the years, the town has been known variously as Bishop's Lynn and Lynn Regis, while it is occasionally referred to by locals as simply Lynn.

King's Lynn is the third largest settlement in Norfolk after the city of Norwich and the town of Great Yarmouth. Sandringham House, the Norfolk residence of the British Royal Family, is 6 miles (0 km) north-east of King's Lynn.

History

Early

Whilst it is believed that there has been some form of habitation at King's Lynn for well over a thousand years it was not until St Margaret's Church was founded in 1101 by Bishop Herbert de Losinga that the town started appearing on records. The town was originally named Bishop's Lynn, as the town was part of the manor of the Bishop of Norwich in the 12th century.

By the 14th century, the town ranked as the third port of England - and is considered to be as important to England in Medieval times as Liverpool was during the Industrial Revolution. It still retains two buildings that were warehouses of the Hanseatic League that were in use between the 15th and 17th centuries. They are the only remaining building structures of the hanseatic league in England.

When Henry VIII dissolved the monasteries in 1538, the town and manor became royal property. As a result, the town became renamed King's Lynn and Lynn Regis; however, it was King's Lynn which stuck. The town became very prosperous from the 17th century through the export of corn; the fine Customs House was built in 1683 to the designs of local architect Henry Bell.

Recent

The town went into decline after this period, and was only rescued by the relatively late arrival of railway services in 1847 - with services mainly provided by the Great Eastern Railway (subsequently London and North Eastern Railway) and its fore-runners, and by the Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway, which had its headquarters in the town at Austin Street, and an important station at South Lynn (now dismantled) which was also its operational control centre.

Post war

In the post-Second World War period King's Lynn was designated a London Expansion Town, and its population roughly doubled as thousands of people were relocated from the capital.

In 2006 King's Lynn formally became Great Britain's first member of Die Hanse - the modern day equivalent of the Hanseatic League.[1]

Governance

The unparished urban area that makes up the town of King's Lynn has an area of 10.97 square miles (0 km) and in the 2001 census had a population of 34,564 in 15,285 households. It is the main town in the larger district of King's Lynn and West Norfolk.[2]

Geography

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King's Lynn as viewed from across the River Great Ouse
King's Lynn is situated mainly on the east bank of the River Great Ouse close to the point where it flows into the Wash, some 35 miles (55 km) north-east of the city of Peterborough, 44 miles (70 km) west of the city of Norwich, and the same distance north of the city of Cambridge. London lies about 112 miles (180 km) to the south.[3][4] The Ouse at Lynn is about 200 metres (0 yd) wide, and is the outfall for much of the drainage system that created the Fens (systematically drained from the seventeenth century onwards). It flows into the Wash, a bleak landscape of saltmarsh, shifting sandbanks and tidal flows. The much smaller, River Gaywood also flows through the town joining the Great Ouse at the southern end of South Quay close to the town centre.

A small part, known as West Lynn, is on the west bank. Other districts of King's Lynn include the town centre, North Lynn, South Lynn, Gaywood, North Wootton, South Wootton, and Fairstead.

Today

Enlarge picture
St. Margaret's Church


In the town centre, the Guildhall (1421) and the Town Hall (1895) are King's Lynn's most impressive secular buildings, built with flint-chequered facades, and adjacent to the Saturday Market Place (the original hub of the town). It also has two impressive churches: St. Margaret's (also on the Saturday Market Place) and St Nicholas' Chapel - the latter built close to the newer Tuesday Market Place, at the heart of a massive Georgian expansion and one of the finest public squares in England. The roads connecting the two markets contain many fine historic buildings, and run parallel to the quays that lined the River Great Ouse (now largely superseded by docks). In 1987, the town became the first in the UK to install town centre CCTV (though Bournemouth had previously used CCTV in non-central locations). The single most numerous crime prosecuted as a result of this comprehensive system is men urinating on their way home at night from pubs.

The town has undergone a multi-million pound regeneration scheme. In 2005 the Vancouver Shopping Centre, originally built in the 1960s, was refurbished as a part of the town centre regeneration project which also saw a new £6 million multi-storey car park built, which has won several awards. And to the south of town a huge swathe of brown-field land is being transformed into a housing development (including contemporary apartments lining the River Nar), a business park, parkland, a school, shops and a new relief road. A 250-berth marina, surrounded by apartments, hotel, shops and bar/restaurant is also planned.

Industry and commerce

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The front of King's Lynn railway station
King's Lynn has always been a centre for the fishing and seafood industry (especially inshore prawns, shrimps and cockles). There have also been glass-making and small-scale engineering works (many fairground and steam engines were built here), and today it is still the location for much agricultural-related industry including food processing. There are a number of chemical factories and the town retains a role as an import centre. It is a regional centre for what is still a sparsely-populated part of England.

Transport

King's Lynn railway station is the terminus of the Fen Line, and gives connections to Ely, Cambridge and London King's Cross.

The town is connected to the local cities of Norwich and Peterborough via the A47 road and to Cambridge via the A10.

Education

The town has three secondary schools, educating students from the town and the surrounding areas: King Edward VII High School, The Park High School and Springwood High School. There is also The College of West Anglia (the largest further education campus in town).

Culture

The Lynn News is the local newspaper which is published twice a week, while the biggest selling regional morning newspaper in the country, the Eastern Daily Press, publishes a specific West and Fens edition daily from its district office in King's Lynn High Street. KL.FM 96.7 is the local commercial radio station.

Enlarge picture
The Customs House


The town holds two festivals each summer, King's Lynn Festival and Festival Too. The latter is one of the top three largest free music festivals in Europe and is held on The Tuesday Market Place: it has attracted crowds of more than 12,000. Past performances include Midge Ure, Wizard, Deacon Blue, Suzi Quatro, Gerry and The Pacemakers,10CC, Mungo Jerry, The Human League and (2007) The Buzzcocks and M People take to the stage. The King's Lynn Festival is primarily a classical music festival; it is held in historic venues throughout town, and attracts big names from Orchestras to Opera and stage-plays. There are also Literature and Poetry festivals. The Guildhall stages many events and there is a tradition that Shakespeare's company may have performed there.

Every year on St Valentine's Day, a travelling funfair called The Mart sets up residence in the Tuesday Market Place for roughly a fortnight, after which it moves on to other towns around the United Kingdom. Traditionally, this is the first funfair in the Showmen's calendar where new rides are tried out and old favourites brought out from winter storage. 500 years ago, Lynn had two marts and these were importaint trading fairs which would attract visitors from as far afield as Italy and Germany. Over the years trading fairs became less important and the Mart's nature changed from a trading fair to a funfair. It also became an annual event. Also upon the Tuesday Market Place, the town holds several "Vehicle Shows" where the local car dealers display their offers.
Enlarge picture
The Majestic Cinema


There are two cinemas in the town centre, the biggest being the Majestic Cinema, which has been refurbished in the last few years. The Majestic Cinema had been the butt of jokes on the Scott Mills show on BBC Radio 1. However the King's Lynn Arts Centre also shows films as well as performances, it is one of the Festival Too venues during the summer months. The town centre also has a park called The Walks. The town centre has a wide variety of pubs as well as three night clubs, Zoots, Chicago's and Heights.

Sport

King's Lynn F.C. football club (nicknamed "The Linnets") is in the Southern League, Premier Division. Its ground is The Walks football ground on Tennyson Road.

King's Lynn also has a motorcycle speedway team, the King's Lynn Stars, who race at the Norfolk Arena on Saddlebow Road.

The successful basketball team West Anglia Fury, who compete in the second-tier English Basketball League, is also based in King's Lynn.

Charities

Out & About is a charity supporting disabled children in King's Lynn to take part in local leisure activities, such as cubs, brownies, youth clubs, sports, etc.

References in popular culture

King's Lynn is referred to in the film The Eagle Has Landed.

The historic heart of King's Lynn was used as a location in the 1985 film Revolution, where it stood in for New York during the American Revolutionary War.

It has appeared in the 1943 The Silver Fleet url=[1]

King's Lynn recently appeared on the Channel 4 TV Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares as the featured restaurant - the Rococo - is on the town's Saturday Marketplace. The restaurant was renamed to Maggie's during filming, in reference to St. Margaret's Church - which is also situated on the marketplace.

The Greyfriars Tower was featured in the first season of the BBC TV series Restoration[5] for the Eastern region. While the tower won its regional and proceeded to the national final, the contest was won by the Victoria Baths in Manchester.

In the ITV Sherlock Holmes series, the area around Purfleet Quay and alleyways nearby were used in The Man with the Twisted Lip.

The ITV Drama series Kingdom (starring Stephen Fry) is set in Norfolk and filmed in nearby Swaffham.

Twinned town

Notable people

Notable current and former residents of King's Lynn include:

References

1. ^ Kings Lynn, a Hanse League Member. King's Lynn and West Norfolk Borough Council Website. Retrieved on 2007-01-15.
2. ^ Census population and household counts for unparished urban areas and all parishes (Excel). Office for National Statistics & Norfolk County Council (2001). Retrieved on 2005-12-02.
3. ^ (2002) OS Explorer Map 250 - Norfolk Coast West. Ordnance Survey. ISBN 0-319-21886-4. 
4. ^ (1999) OS Explorer Map 236 - King's Lynn, Downham Market & Swaffham. Ordnance Survey. ISBN 0-319-21867-8. 
5. ^ Restoration - Series 1. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-01-15.

See also

External links


River Great Ouse[ edit ]
Administrative areas: Northamptonshire | Buckinghamshire | Bedfordshire | Cambridgeshire | Norfolk
Flows into: The Wash
Towns (upstream to downstream): Brackley | Buckingham | Old Stratford
Milton Keynes (Stony Stratford, Wolverton, New Bradwell, Stantonbury, Great Linford) | Newport Pagnell | Olney | Kempston | Bedford | St Neots | Godmanchester | Huntingdon | St Ives | Ely | Littleport | Downham Market | King's Lynn
Major tributaries (upstream to downstream by confluence): River Ouzel (or Lovat) | River Ivel
River Kym | Old Bedford River | New Bedford River | River Cam | River Lark | River Little Ouse | River Wissey
Major bridges (upstream to downstream): Harrold bridge | A428 Turvey bridge | A428 Bromham bypass
A6 Bedford Town Bridge | A421 Bedford bypass | Great Barford Bridge
A428 Bridge St Neots | St Neots Town Bridge | Godmanchester Chinese Bridge
A14 bridge, River Great Ouse | Huntingdon Old Bridge | St Ives Bridge
Longest UK rivers: 1. Severn 2. Thames 3. Trent 4. Great Ouse 5. Wye 6. Tay 7. Spey 8. Nene 9. Clyde 10. Tweed 11. Eden 12. Dee
Motto
"Dieu et mon droit" [2]   (French)
"God and my right"
Anthem
"God Save the Queen" [3]
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Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. The term Surface area is the summation of the areas of the exposed sides of an object.

Units

Units for measuring surface area include:
square metre = SI derived unit

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square mile is an imperial and US unit of area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. It should not be confused with the archaic miles square, which refers to the number of miles on each side squared.
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Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of surface area, the square metre, one of the SI derived units. 1 km² is equal to: Conversely:
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population is the collection of people or organisms of a particular species living in a given geographic area or mortality, and migration, though the field encompasses many dimensions of population change including the family (marriage and divorce), public health, work and the
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Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001. This was the 19th UK Census.

Census 2001 was organised by the Office for National Statistics in England and Wales, the General Register Office for Scotland and the Northern Ireland Statistics
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The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude.

The Ordnance Survey (OS) devised the national grid reference system, and it is heavily used in their survey data,
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The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. As the structure of local government in England is not uniform, there are currently four types of district level subdivision.
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King's Lynn and West Norfolk is a local government district and borough in Norfolk, England. Its council is based in the town of King's Lynn.

History

The district was formed in 1974 by the merger of King's Lynn, Hunstanton, Downham Market urban districts along with
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Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of English administrative division used for the purposes of local government. Due to successive legislation, there are currently several types of administrative division at this level in existence.
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Norfolk (pronounced IPA: /ˈnɔːfək/) is a low-lying county in East Anglia in the east of southern England.
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region, also known as Government Office Region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England in the United Kingdom.

History


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The East of England is one of the nine official regions of England. It was created in 1994 and was adopted for statistics from 1999. It includes the ceremonial counties of Essex, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Norfolk and Suffolk.
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Constituent countries is a phrase used, often by official institutions, in contexts in which a number of countries make up a larger entity or grouping, concerning these countries; thus the OECD has used the phrase in reference to the parts of former Yugoslavia[1]
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Motto
Dieu et mon droit   (French)
"God and my right"
Anthem
No official anthem specific to England — the anthem of the United Kingdom is "God Save the Queen".
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country, state, and nation can have various meanings. Therefore, diverse lists of these entities are possible. Wikipedia offers the following lists:

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Motto
"Dieu et mon droit" [2]   (French)
"God and my right"
Anthem
"God Save the Queen" [3]
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A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system.[1] Including the correct post town in the address increases the chances of a letter or parcel being delivered on time.
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The London postal district is the area in England, currently of 241 square miles,[1] to which mail addressed to the LONDON post town is delivered. The area was initially devised in 1856[2]
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UK postal codes are known as postcodes.

UK postcodes are alphanumeric. These codes were introduced by the Royal Mail over a 15-year period from 1959 to 1974 — the full list is now available electronically from the Royal Mail as the Postcode Address File.
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Peterborough postcode area


Postcode area PE
Postcode area name Peterborough
Post towns 18
Postcode districts 38
Postcode sectors 161
Postcodes (live) 25,664
Postcodes (total) 35,493
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UK telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Numbering Plan, is regulated by the Office of Communications (Ofcom), which replaced the Office of Telecommunications (Oftel) in 2003.
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On 1 April 2004, following a review of the Royal Parks Constabulary by Anthony Speed, the Metropolitan Police took on the responsibility of policing the Royal Parks in Greater London and the RPC was

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Norfolk Constabulary

Norfolk Constabulary area
Coverage
Area Norfolk
Size 5,371 km²
Population 0.8 million
Operations
Formed 1968
HQ Wymondham
Budget
Officers 1,554
Divisions

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fire service in the United Kingdom has undergone dramatic changes since the beginning of the 21st century, a process that has been propelled by a devolution of central government powers, new legislation and a change to operational procedures in the light of terrorism attacks and
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Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom are almost all provided by one of the four National Health Services through local ambulance services, known in England and Wales as trusts.
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East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust is the authority responsible for providing NHS ambulance services in Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Luton, Norfolk, Peterborough, Southend-on-Sea, Suffolk and Thurrock, in the East of England region.
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England]]
1.1 East Midlands Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire
1.2 East of England Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk, Suffolk
1.3 Greater London North East, North West, South East, South West
1.
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North West Norfolk is a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post voting system.
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This is a list of Members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom in the 2004 to 2009 session, ordered by name.

See European Parliament Election, 2004 (UK) for a list ordered by constituency.
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