Carrier proteins are proteins that transport a specific substance or group of substances across intracellular compartments or in extracellular fluids (e.g. in the blood) or else across the cell membrane.
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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Proteins are large organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid residues.
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Carrier proteins are proteins that transport a specific substance or group of substances across intracellular compartments or in extracellular fluids (e.g. in the blood) or else across the cell membrane.
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Follistatin is a single chain autocrine glycoprotein found to be ubiquitous within the body of nearly all higher animals, that is the product of a single gene.
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Growth hormone binding protein is, as its name would indicate, a carrier protein for growth hormone.

It is coded by the same gene as growth hormone receptor.

External links

• MeSH somatotropin-binding+protein

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The Insulin-like growth factor binding protein serves as a carrier protein for Insulin-like growth factor 1.

Approximately 98% of IGF-1 is always bound to one of 6 binding proteins (IGF-BP). IGFBP-3, the most abundant protein, accounts for 80% of all IGF binding.
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Neurophysins are carrier proteins for the hormones generated in the hypothalamus and distributed from the posterior pituitary.

There are two types:

• Neurophysin I - oxytocin
• Neurophysin II - vasopressin

External links

• Neurophysins

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Neurophysin I is a carrier protein with a size of 10 KDa and containing 90 to 97 aminoacids that transports neurohypophysial hormones along axons, from the hypothalamus to the posterior lobe of the pituitary.
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Neurophysin II is a carrier protein which binds vasopressin.

External links

• MeSH Neurophysin+II

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Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a glycoprotein that binds to sex hormones, specifically testosterone and estradiol. Other steroid hormones such as progesterone, cortisol, and other corticosteroids are bound by transcortin.
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Androgen-binding protein (ABP) is a glycoprotein (beta-globulin) produced by the Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testis that binds specifically to testosterone (T), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and 17-beta-estradiol.
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Transcortin, also corticosteroid-binding globulin or CBG, is officially called serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 6.

It is an alpha-globulin.
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Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) is one of three proteins (along with transthyretin and albumin) responsible for carrying the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine (T3) in the bloodstream.
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Transthyretin (TTR) is a serum and cerebrospinal fluid carrier of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4).

TTR was originally called prealbumin^[1] because it ran faster than albumins on electrophoresis gels.
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Calcium-binding proteins are proteins that participate in calcium cell signalling pathways by binding to Ca²⁺.

The most ubiquitous Ca²⁺-sensing protein, found in all eukaryotic organisms including yeasts, is calmodulin.
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Calmodulin-binding proteins are, as their name implies, proteins which bind calmodulin.

Examples include:

• Gap-43 protein (presynaptic)
• Neurogranin (postsynaptic)
• Caldesmon

External links

• MeSH Calmodulin-Binding+Proteins

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Ceruloplasmin (or caeruloplasmin) is officially known as ferroxidase or iron(II):oxygen oxidoreductase.

Function

It is an enzyme () synthesized in the liver containing 8 atoms of copper in its structure.
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Iron-binding proteins are carrier proteins and metalloproteins which play many important roles in metabolism.

See also

• Iron

External links

• MeSH Iron-binding+proteins

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Identifiers
Symbol TFR2

Entrez 7036
HUGO 11762
OMIM 604720

RefSeq NM_003227
UniProt Q9UP52
Other data

Locus Chr. 7 q22 Transferrin receptor is a carrier protein for transferrin.
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Retinol binding proteins are a family of proteins with diverse functions. They are carrier proteins which bind retinol.

Genes

• Cellular: RBP1 , RBP2 , RBP5 , RBP7
• Interstitial: RBP3
• Plasma: RBP4

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Retinol binding protein (RBP coded by the gene RBP4) has recently been described as an adipokine that contributes to insulin resistance in the AG4KO mouse model.^[1]
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Identifiers
Symbol TCN2

Entrez 6948
HUGO 11653
OMIM 275350

RefSeq NM_000355
UniProt P20062
Other data

Locus Chr. 22 q11.2-qter Transcobalamins are carrier proteins which bind cyanocobalamin (B12).
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acyl carrier protein (ACP) is an important component in both fatty acid and polyketide biosynthesis with the growing chain bound during synthesis as a thiol ester at the distal thiol of a 4'-phophopantethiene moiety.
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An adaptor protein is a protein which is accessory to main proteins in a signal transduction pathway. These proteins tend to lack any intrinsic enzymatic activity themselves but instead mediate specific protein-protein interactions that drive the formation of protein complexes.
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Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) (also called plasma lipid transfer protein) is a plasma protein that facilitates the transport of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides between the lipoproteins.
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F-box proteins are proteins containing at least one F-box motif, a protein structural motif of about 50 amino acids that mediates protein-protein interactions. The first identified F-box protein is one of three components of the SCF complex, which mediates ubiquitination of
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G proteins, short for guanine nucleotide binding proteins, are a family of proteins involved in second messenger cascades. Their nomenclature originates from their ability to function as "molecular switches", alternating between an inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP) and
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A light-harvesting complex is one or more polypeptide chains containing photosynthetic pigments, which surrounds a photosynthetic reaction centre and focuses light inward toward its core. Many such proteins have an alpha solenoid tertiary structure.
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A membrane transport protein (or simply transporter) is a protein involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, or macromolecules, such as another protein across a biological membrane.
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