List of mountain types

Information about List of mountain types

Mountains can be characterized in several ways. Some mountains are volcanoes and can be characterized by the type of lava and eruptive history. Other mountains are shaped by glacial processes and can be characterized by their shape. Finally, many mountains can be characterized by the type of rock that make up their composition.

Types of volcanoes

Types of glacial mountains

Types of rock

Other Types of Mountains

See also

mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill, but there is no universally accepted standard definition for the height of a mountain or a hill although a mountain usually has an identifiable
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Volcano:
1. Large magma chamber
2. Bedrock
3. Conduit (pipe)
4. Base
5. Sill
6. Branch pipe
7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano
8. Flank 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano
10. Throat
11. Parasitic cone
12. Lava flow
13. Vent
14.
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glacier is a large, slow moving river of ice, formed from compacted layers of snow, that slowly deforms and flows in response to gravity. Glacier ice is the largest reservoir of fresh water on Earth, and second only to oceans as the largest reservoir of total water.
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caldera is a volcanic feature formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption. They are often confused with volcanic craters. The word 'caldera' comes from the Spanish language, meaning "cauldron".
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For the docudrama, see Supervolcano (docudrama)


A supervolcano is a volcano that produces the largest and most voluminous kinds of eruption on Earth.
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Volcanic cones are among the simplest volcano formations in the world. They are built by fragments (called ejecta) thrown up (ejected) from a volcanic vent, piling up around the vent in the shape of a cone with a central crater.
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complex volcano, also called a compound volcano, is a volcano with more than one feature. They form because changes of their eruptive characteristics or the location of multiple vents in an area.
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cryovolcano is, literally, an icy volcano. Cryovolcanoes form on icy moons, and possibly on other low-temperature astronomical objects (e.g. Kuiper belt objects). Rather than molten rock, these volcanoes erupt volatiles such as water, ammonia or methane.
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A fissure vent, also known as a volcanic fissure or simply fissure, is a linear volcanic vent through which lava erupts, usually without any explosive activity. The vent is usually a few meters wide and may be many kilometers long.
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lava dome or plug dome is a roughly circular mound-shaped protrusion resulting from the slow eruption of felsic lava (usually rhyolite and/or dacite) from a volcano.
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A monogenetic volcanic field is a volcanic field of small, scattered volcanic vents. These volcanic fields, containing numerous monogenetic volcanoes, are noted for having only one short eruptive event, instead of regular volcanoes that have several eruptive events in their
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mud volcano or mud dome is used to refer to formations created by geologically excreted liquids and gases, although there are several different processes which may cause such activity. Temperatures are much cooler than igneous processes.
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A pancake dome is an unusual type of volcano found on the planet Venus. They are widely scattered on that planet and often form groups or clusters, though with smaller numbers of pancake domes in each group than is typical for the more common shield volcanos.
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pyroclastic cone composes of material ejected from a volcano. They are the most undaunted of volcanic structures. The material can range from finest particles. In comparison, cinder cones are more uniform.
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Pyroclastic shields also known as Terrestrial ignimbrite shields, are a uncommon type of shield volcano. They are formed mostly of pyroclastic and highly explosive eruptions.
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A shield volcano is a large volcano with shallow-sloping sides. The name derives from a translation of "Skjaldbreiğur", an Icelandic shield volcano whose name means "broad shield," from its resemblance to a warrior's shield.
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stratovolcano, also called a composite volcano, is a tall, conical volcano composed of many layers of hardened lava, tephra, and volcanic ash. These volcanoes are characterized by a steep profile and periodic, explosive eruptions.
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A subglacial volcano is a volcanic form produced by subglacial eruptions or eruptions beneath the surface of a lake melted into a glacier or ice sheet by the rising lava. Today they are most common in Iceland and Antarctica; older formations of this type are found also in British
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Submarine volcanoes are underwater fissures in the earth's surface from which magma can erupt. They estimated to account for 75% of annual magma output. The vast majority are located near areas of tectonic plate movement, known as mid-ocean ridges.
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A somma volcano (also known simply as a somma) is a volcanic caldera that has been partially filled by a new central cone. The name comes from Mount Somma (Italian Monte Somma
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tuya is a type of distinctive, flat-topped, steep-sided volcano formed when lava erupts through a thick glacier or ice sheet. They are somewhat rare worldwide, being confined to regions which were formerly covered by continental ice sheets and also had active volcanism during the
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volcanic field is a spot of the earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. They usually contain 10 to 100 volcanoes, such as cinder cones and are usually in clusters. Lava flows may also occur. One type is the monogenetic volcanic field.
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arête is a thin, almost knife-like, ridge of rock which is typically formed when two glaciers erode parallel U-shaped valleys. The arête is a thin ridge of rock that is left separating the two valleys.
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A pyramidal peak, or sometimes in its most extreme form called a glacial horn, is a mountaintop that has been modified by the action of ice during glaciation and frost weathering.
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Igneous rocks (etymology from latin ignis, fire) are rocks formed by solidification of cooled magma (molten rock), with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks.
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Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of a pre-existing rock type, the protolith, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form". The protolith is subjected to heat (greater than 150 degrees Celsius) and extreme pressure causing profound
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Sedimentary rock is one of the three main rock groups (the others being igneous and metamorphic rock). Rock formed from sediments covers 75-80% of the Earth's land area, and includes common types such as chalk, limestone, dolomite, sandstone, conglomerate and shale.
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Fold may refer to:
  • above the fold
  • Sheepfold, an enclosure for sheep
  • fold, a family of higher-order functions in functional computer programming
  • fold, a program in the GNU Core Utilities
  • fold catastrophe, one most basic objects in singularity theory.

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Volcano:
1. Large magma chamber
2. Bedrock
3. Conduit (pipe)
4. Base
5. Sill
6. Branch pipe
7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano
8. Flank 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano
10. Throat
11. Parasitic cone
12. Lava flow
13. Vent
14.
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This page is intended as a list of all rock types.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Top of page — See also — External links

A

Amphibolite
Andesite
Anorthosite

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