List of premiers of China

Information about List of premiers of China

Alternative meaning: Chancellor of China


This is a list of the Premiers of China since 1911.

According to Chinese historical records, the first premier of China was appointed in about 1130 BC, by First King of Shang Dynasty. Since then, almost every monarch in China had appointed a Premier or Prime Minister to help him to run the administration. This role has been known by several different names, most commonly Chancellor. With the re-unification of China under the Qin Emperor in 221 BC, the power on the premiers' hands was reduced because of the Emperors' intentions of setting up an absolute monarchy. Finally, in 1380, Emperor Hongwu decreed to kill his Chancellor, and never appointed another one in his life. Since this, emperors never appointed any other premiers up to 1911. During much of the Qing Dynasty, the role of premier was carried out collectively by the ministers of the General Command Centre.

The modern creation of Chinese Premiership happened in mid 1911, when the Qing Imperial Government created the "Imperial Family Cabinet" as a "reform" on Chinese politics, shortly before it was overthrown. Since Yuan Shikai take over the premiership, premiers of China played an influential role in Chinese politics.

Premiers are appointed by Presidents, but some premiers were even more powerful than the presidents, during the early age of the Republic of China. Some presidents were even expelled by the premiers they appointed.

The title of premier in China had been changed several times, so this list is divided into several sections.

Prime Ministers of Qing Imperial Government (1911-1912)

The Qing Imperial Government created the "Imperial Family Cabinet" in May 1911, in order to appease popular anger and calls for reform. But the formation of Cabinet brought even more disaffection. Soon the Wuchang Uprising forced the Qing government to abolish the cabinet, and instead summon Yuan Shikai to head the government. The imperial government collapsed soon after.

Premiers of Cabinet of the Republic of China (1912-1914)

According to the Provisional Constitution of Republic of China, which passed in 1912, the leader of the majority party or the majority coalition should be appointed premier by the president.

Secretaries of State of the Republic of China (1914-1916)

Premiers of State Council of the Republic of China (1916-1917)

Prime Minister of Restored Qing Imperial Government (1917)

A coup d'etat in order to restore the Qing monarchy occurred on 1 July 1917. The leader of the coup, Zhang Xun, was immediately rewarded the premiership by Emperor Puyi. But Chang was defeated by Duan Qirui on 12 July and the Republic of China restored.

Premiers of State Council of the Republic of China (1917-1925)

Note: The Premiership was abolished from 25 November 1924 to 26 December 1925. The head of the cabinet during this period was Duan Qirui, Provisional Chief Executive of the Republic of China.

Premiers of State Council of the Republic of China (1925-1928)

Presidents of Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (1928-Present)

Main article: Premier of the Republic of China
When Chiang Kai-shek established the Nanking Nationalist Government in 1928, he created a presidency for Executive Yuan instead of a premiership, in order to show the difference between his government and the previous one in Beijing (then renamed Beiping). This government moved to Chongqing during the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) and at the end of the Chinese Civil War relocated to Taipei where it exists today.

Premiers of State Council of the People's Republic of China(1949-Present)

Main article: Premier of the People's Republic of China
The Premiership of PRC was created since the establishment of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949.

See also

Chancellor of China 丞相 (Cheng Xiang) or 宰相 (Zai Xiang), was the highest rank in the imperial government in ancient China after the emperor (685 BC-6 BC, 189-1380).
..... Click the link for more information.
20th century - 21st century
1880s  1890s  1900s  - 1910s -  1920s  1930s  1940s
1908 1909 1910 - 1911 - 1912 1913 1914

Year 1911 (MCMXI
..... Click the link for more information.
12nd century BC - 11st century BC

1160s BC 1150s BC 1140s BC - 1130s BC - 1120s BC 1110s BC 1100s BC
1139 BC 1138 BC 1137 BC 1136 BC 1135 BC
1134 BC 1133 BC 1132 BC 1131 BC 1130 BC

- - State leaders - Sovereign states
-

Events and trends


    ..... Click the link for more information.
    Shang Dynasty (Chinese: ) or Yin Dynasty () (ca. 1750 BC - ca. 1045 BC) is the second historic Chinese dynasty and ruled in the northeastern region of the area known as "China proper", in the Yellow River valley.
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    Chancellor of China 丞相 (Cheng Xiang) or 宰相 (Zai Xiang), was the highest rank in the imperial government in ancient China after the emperor (685 BC-6 BC, 189-1380).
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    History of China
    ANCIENT
    3 Sovereigns and 5 Emperors
    Xia Dynasty 2070–1600 BCE
    Shang Dynasty 1600–1046 BCE
    Zhou Dynasty
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    3rd century BC - 2nd century BC
    250s BC  240s BC  230s BC - 220s BC - 210s BC  200s BC  190s BC 
    224 BC 223 BC 222 BC - 221 BC - 220 BC 219 BC 218 BC

    Politics
    State leaders - Sovereign states

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    1380 in other calendars
    Gregorian calendar 1380
    MCCCLXXX
    Ab urbe condita 2133
    Armenian calendar 829
    ԹՎ ՊԻԹ
    Bah' calendar -464 – -463
    Buddhist calendar 1924
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    The Hongwu Emperor (Chinese: 洪武帝; Wade-Giles: Hung-woo T'i September 21, 1328 – June 24, 1398), known variably by his given name Zhu Yuanzhang (Chinese:
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    Chancellor of China 丞相 (Cheng Xiang) or 宰相 (Zai Xiang), was the highest rank in the imperial government in ancient China after the emperor (685 BC-6 BC, 189-1380).
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    History of China
    ANCIENT
    3 Sovereigns and 5 Emperors
    Xia Dynasty 2070–1600 BCE
    Shang Dynasty 1600–1046 BCE
    Zhou Dynasty
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    History of China
    ANCIENT
    3 Sovereigns and 5 Emperors
    Xia Dynasty 2070–1600 BCE
    Shang Dynasty 1600–1046 BCE
    Zhou Dynasty
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    This page contains Chinese text.
    Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.
    Yuan Shikai (Courtesy Weiting 慰亭; Pseudonym: Rong'an
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    Anthem
    National Anthem of the Republic of China


    Capital Taipei[1]

    Largest city Taipei[1]
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    The Wuchang Uprising of October 10 1911 started the Xinhai Revolution, which led to the collapse of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China (ROC).

    History

    In 1900, the ruling Qing Dynasty created a modernized army called the "New Army".
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    This page contains Chinese text.
    Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.
    Yuan Shikai (Courtesy Weiting 慰亭; Pseudonym: Rong'an
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    Yìkuāng, the Prince Qīng (Simplified Chinese: 庆亲王奕劻, Wade-Giles:Prince Ch'ing), (February 1836 - January 1918) was a Manchu noble of the late Qing Dynasty.
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    May 8 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

    Events

    • 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo

    ..... Click the link for more information.
    20th century - 21st century
    1880s  1890s  1900s  - 1910s -  1920s  1930s  1940s
    1908 1909 1910 - 1911 - 1912 1913 1914

    Year 1911 (MCMXI
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    November 1 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

    Events


    ..... Click the link for more information.
    20th century - 21st century
    1880s  1890s  1900s  - 1910s -  1920s  1930s  1940s
    1908 1909 1910 - 1911 - 1912 1913 1914

    Year 1911 (MCMXI
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    This page contains Chinese text.
    Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.
    Yuan Shikai (Courtesy Weiting 慰亭; Pseudonym: Rong'an
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    November 2 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

    Events

    • 676 - Donus became Pope.

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    20th century - 21st century
    1880s  1890s  1900s  - 1910s -  1920s  1930s  1940s
    1908 1909 1910 - 1911 - 1912 1913 1914

    Year 1911 (MCMXI
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    March 10 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

    Events


    ..... Click the link for more information.
    19th century - 20th century - 21st century
    1880s  1890s  1900s  - 1910s -  1920s  1930s  1940s
    1909 1910 1911 - 1912 - 1913 1914 1915

    Year 1912 (MCMXII
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    Anthem
    National Anthem of the Republic of China


    Capital Taipei[1]

    Largest city Taipei[1]
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    19th century - 20th century - 21st century
    1880s  1890s  1900s  - 1910s -  1920s  1930s  1940s
    1909 1910 1911 - 1912 - 1913 1914 1915

    Year 1912 (MCMXII
    ..... Click the link for more information.
    This page contains Chinese text.
    Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.
    Táng Shàoyí
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    March 13 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

    Events

    • 1138 - Cardinal Gregorio Conti is elected anti-pope as Victor IV, succeeding Anacletus II.

    ..... Click the link for more information.

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