The midline nuclear group (or midline thalamic nuclei) a region of the thalamus consisting of the following nuclei:

• paraventricular nucleus of thalamus (nucleus paraventricularis thalami) - not to be confused with paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus

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The anterior nuclei of thalamus (or anterior nuclear group) are collection of nuclei at the rostral end of the dorsal thalamus.

Inputs and outputs

They receive efferents from the mammillary bodies and subiculum, and project to the cingulate gyrus.
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The medial dorsal nucleus (or dorsomedial nucleus) is a a large nucleus in the thalamus.

It communicates with the limbic lobe and prefrontal cortex. The connections of the medial dorsal nucleus have even been used to delineate the prefrontal cortex of the minipig.
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The ventral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the ventral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following:

• ventral anterior nucleus
• ventral lateral nucleus
• ventral posterior nucleus

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The ventral anterior nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus.

Inputs and outputs

receives neuronal inputs from the basal ganglia which includes the substantia nigra and the globus pallidus. It also has inputs from the cerebellum.
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The ventral lateral nucleus (VL) is a nucleus of the thalamus.

Inputs and outputs

It receives neuronal inputs from the basal ganglia which includes the substantia nigra and the globus pallidus. It also has inputs from the cerebellum.
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The ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) is a nucleus of the thalamus.

Input and output

It projects to the postcentral gyrus and receives information from the spinothalamic tract and the medial lemniscus of the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway.
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The ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) is a nucleus of the thalamus.

Inputs and outputs

It projects to the postcentral gyrus and receives the solitary tract and trigeminal nerve information from the medial lemniscus.
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The lateral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the lateral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following:

• lateral dorsal nucleus
• lateral posterior nucleus
• pulvinar

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The pulvinar is the caudal-most nucleus of the thalamus. The pulvinar is usually grouped as one of the lateral thalamic nuclei.

Divisions

It is conventionally divided into oral, inferior, lateral, and medial subnuclei.
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The metathalamus is a composite structure of the thalamus, consisting of the medial geniculate nucleus and the lateral geniculate nucleus.

External links

• Symbolic relationships

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The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus is a part of the brain, which is the primary processor of visual information, received from the retina, in the central nervous system.
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The Medial Geniculate Nucleus or Medial Geniculate Body (MGB) is part of the auditory thalamus and represents the thalamic relay between the inferior colliculus (IC) and the auditory cortex (AC).
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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In neuroanatomy, a nucleus is a central nervous system structure that is composed mainly of gray matter, and that acts as a hub or transit point for electrical signals in a single neural subsystem.
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The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος = bedroom, chamber, IPA= /ˈθæləməs/) is a pair and symmetric part of the brain.
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The anterior nuclei of thalamus (or anterior nuclear group) are collection of nuclei at the rostral end of the dorsal thalamus.

Inputs and outputs

They receive efferents from the mammillary bodies and subiculum, and project to the cingulate gyrus.
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The parvocellular part of a nucleus in the brain (if the nucleus has a parvocellular part) is that part which contains small-bodied, punctate neuronal cells. This term distinguishes the area from a corresponding magnocellular part, which would contain larger-bodied cells.
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Magnocellular parts, also called M cells, are cells in the brain concerned primarily with visual perception. In particular these cells are responsible for resolving motion and coarse outlines.
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The midline nuclear group (or midline thalamic nuclei) a region of the thalamus consisting of the following nuclei:

• paraventricular nucleus of thalamus (nucleus paraventricularis thalami) - not to be confused with paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus

..... Click the link for more information.

In the anatomy of the brain, the centromedian nucleus, also known as the centrum medianum, (CM or Cm-Pf) is a part of the intralaminar nucleus (ILN) of the thalamus. There are two centromedian nuclei arranged bilaterally.
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The lateral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the lateral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following:

• lateral dorsal nucleus
• lateral posterior nucleus
• pulvinar

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The pulvinar is the caudal-most nucleus of the thalamus. The pulvinar is usually grouped as one of the lateral thalamic nuclei.

Divisions

It is conventionally divided into oral, inferior, lateral, and medial subnuclei.
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The ventral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the ventral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following:

• ventral anterior nucleus
• ventral lateral nucleus
• ventral posterior nucleus

..... Click the link for more information.

The ventral anterior nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus.

Inputs and outputs

receives neuronal inputs from the basal ganglia which includes the substantia nigra and the globus pallidus. It also has inputs from the cerebellum.
..... Click the link for more information.

The ventral lateral nucleus (VL) is a nucleus of the thalamus.

Inputs and outputs

It receives neuronal inputs from the basal ganglia which includes the substantia nigra and the globus pallidus. It also has inputs from the cerebellum.
..... Click the link for more information.

The ventral posterior nucleus is the somato-sensory relay nucleus in thalamus of the brain.

Input and output

It receives neuronal input from the medial lemniscus and trigeminothalamic tract. Outputs to the somatosensory cortex and the ascending reticuloactivation system.
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The ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) is a nucleus of the thalamus.

Input and output

It projects to the postcentral gyrus and receives information from the spinothalamic tract and the medial lemniscus of the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway.
..... Click the link for more information.

The metathalamus is a composite structure of the thalamus, consisting of the medial geniculate nucleus and the lateral geniculate nucleus.

External links

• Symbolic relationships

..... Click the link for more information.

The Medial Geniculate Nucleus or Medial Geniculate Body (MGB) is part of the auditory thalamus and represents the thalamic relay between the inferior colliculus (IC) and the auditory cortex (AC).
..... Click the link for more information.