Lord of Galloway

Information about Lord of Galloway

The Lords, or Kings of Galloway ruled over Galloway, in south west Scotland, for a large part of the High Middle Ages.

Many regions of Scotland, including Galloway and Moray, periodically had kings or subkings, similar to those in Ireland during the Middle Ages. The Scottish monarch was seen as being similar to a high king (Ard-Righ in Gaelic). The Kings of Galloway would have either paid tribute to the Scottish monarch, or at other times ignored him.

The Kings of Galloway are fairly well recorded in the 12th and 13th centuries, but the records are incomplete or conflicting at other times. Later on, the kings were known as "lords" at the Scottish court, and "kings" at home, finally becoming "Lords" in both arenas.

The boundaries of the Kingdom of Galloway were ill defined, and varied over time. During many periods Galloway was much larger than it is today, and took in parts of southern Ayrshire, such as Carrick, Upper Douglasdale and Nithsdale. The area appears to have been the main bastion of Scottish Gaelic culture south of the Highlands in medieval times.

Suibne mac Cináeda (d.1034) is the first recorded king of the Gall-ghàidhil, the people of Galloway, although it is not until about 1138 that the succession is properly recorded. The line appears to have continued until 1234. King Fergus of Galloway seems to have been of Norse-Galwegian heritage, and may have been descended from earlier princes. He took the throne of Galloway some time between 1110 and 1120. When he died in 1161 Fergus left Galloway to his two sons, Uchtred and Gille Brigte (Gilbert). In 1174 Uchtred died after being brutally blinded and mutilated by his brother Gille Brigte and Gille Brigte's son, Máel Coluim (Malcolm). When Gilla Brigte died a few years later, it was Uchtred's son Lochlann (Roland) who took possession of Galloway. Gilla Brigte's surviving son Donnchad (Duncan) was made 1st Earl/Mormaer of Carrick.

Lochlann married Helen, the daughter of Richard de Moreville, Constable of Scotland, and inherited his father-in-law's title. Their son Alan was the most powerful of the lords, but on his death in 1234 he left only daughters. King Alexander II of Scotland broke the line of Galloway's lords by rejecting the claim of Alan's illegitimate son Thomas. In response Gille Ruadh led a revolt against Alexander. This failed however, and Galloway was divided amongst the French husbands of Alan's three living daughters, Roger de Quincy (married to Ela), John de Balliol (married to Derborgaill) and William de Forz (married to Cairistiona).

The Laws of Galloway remained in force until 1426, and it is thought that these originally derived their authority from the kings of the area.

Some consider the Kennedy family to have taken a similar role.

List of Lords of Galloway

Rulers French Name Reigns
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  • Gilbert
  • Roland
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See also

Galloway (Scottish Gaelic, Gall-Ghàidhealaibh or Gallobha, Lowland Scots Gallowa) is an area in southwestern Scotland. It usually refers to the former counties of Wigtown (or historically West Galloway) and Kirkcudbright (or historically East
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Motto
Nemo me impune lacessit   (Latin)
"No one provokes me with impunity"
"Cha togar m'fhearg gun dioladh"   
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High Middle Ages was the period of European history in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries (AD 1000–1300). The High Middle Ages were preceded by the Early Middle Ages and followed by the Late Middle Ages, which by convention end around 1500.
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Motto
Nemo me impune lacessit   (Latin)
"No one provokes me with impunity"
"Cha togar m'fhearg gun dioladh"   
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The Mormaerdom or Kingdom of Moray (Middle Irish: Muireb or Moreb; Medieval Latin: Muref or Moravia; Modern Gaelic:Moireabh) was a lordship in High Medieval Scotland that was destroyed by King David I of Scotland in 1130.
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Ireland
Éire
Airlann <nowiki />

Northwest of continental Europe with Great Britain to the east.

Geography <nowiki/>
Location Western Europe <nowiki />
Archipelago
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Middle Ages form the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three "ages": the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages and Modern Times.
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Goidelic languages (also sometimes called, particularly in colloquial situations, the Gaelic languages or collectively Gaelic) have historically been part of a dialect continuum stretching from the south of Ireland, through the Isle of Man, to the north of Scotland.
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As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages and is sometimes called the Age of the Cistercians.
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As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages, and after its conquests in Asia the Mongol Empire stretched from Korea to
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Ayrshire (Siorrachd Inbhir Àir in Scottish Gaelic) is a region of south-west Scotland, located on the shores of the Firth of Clyde. Its principal towns include Ayr, Kilmarnock and the new town (and ancient royal burgh) of Irvine. The town of Troon (pop.
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Carrick is a former comital district of Scotland which today forms part of South Ayrshire. The word Carrick comes from the Gaelic word Carraig, meaning rock or rocky place. Maybole was the historic capital of Carrick.
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Douglasdale can refer to:
  • Douglasdale, Gauteng, a residential suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa
  • Douglasdale/Douglasglen, Calgary, a neighbourhood of Calgary, Alberta, Canada

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Nithsdale (Srath Nid in Scottish Gaelic), also known by its anglicised gaelic name Strathnith or Stranit, is the valley of the River Nith, which flows north to south through south-west Scotland.
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Scottish Gaelic}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Scotland
Regulated by: Bòrd na Gàidhlig
Language codes
ISO 639-1: gd
ISO 639-2: gla
ISO 639-3: gla

Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig
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Scottish Highlands (A' Ghàidhealtachd in Gaelic) include the rugged and mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. The Great Glen divides the Grampian Mountains to the southeast from the Northwest Highlands.
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12nd century - 13rd century
1100s  1110s  1120s  - 1130s -  1140s  1150s  1160s
1135 1136 1137 - 1138 - 1139 1140 1141

Events

  • Robert Warelwast becomes Bishop of Exeter.

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1234 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1234
MCCXXXIV
Ab urbe condita 1987
Armenian calendar 683
ԹՎ ՈՁԳ
Bah' calendar -610 – -609
Buddhist calendar 1778
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Fergus of Galloway was King, or Lord, of Galloway from an unknown date (probably in the 1110s), until his death in 1161. He was the founder of that "sub-kingdom," the resurrector of the Bishopric of Whithorn, the patron of new abbeys (e.g. Dundrennan Abbey), and much else besides.
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Norsemen is used to refer to the group of people as a whole who speak one of the North Germanic languages as their native language. ("Norse", in particular, refers to the Old Norse language belonging to the North Germanic branch of Indo-European languages, especially Danish,
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12nd century - 13rd century
1080s  1090s  1100s  - 1110s -  1120s  1130s  1140s
1107 1108 1109 - 1110 - 1111 1112 1113

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11st century - 12nd century - 13rd century
1090s  1100s  1110s  - 1120s -  1130s  1140s  1150s
1117 1118 1119 - 1120 - 1121 1122 1123

Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
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11st century - 12nd century - 13rd century
1130s  1140s  1150s  - 1160s -  1170s  1180s  1190s
1158 1159 1160 - 1161 - 1162 1163 1164

Politics
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Uchtred mac Fergusa (c. 1120 - September 22, 1174) was Lord of Galloway from 1161 to 1174, ruling jointly with his half-brother Gille Brigte. They were sons of Fergus of Galloway; their mothers' names are unknown, but Uchtred may have been born to one of the many illegitimate
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Gille Brigte or Gilla Brigte mac Fergusa of Galloway (†1185), also known as Gillebrigte, Gille Brighde, Gilbridge, Gilbride, etc, and most famously known in French sources as Gilbert
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11st century - 12nd century - 13rd century
1140s  1150s  1160s  - 1170s -  1180s  1190s  1200s
1171 1172 1173 - 1174 - 1175 1176 1177

Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
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Lochlann or Lachlan, (d. December 12, 1200), also known by his French name Roland, was the son and successor of Uchtred, Lord of Galloway as the "Lord" or "sub-king" of eastern Galloway.
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Donnchad mac Gille Brigte (or alternatively, Duncan fils de Gilbert) (d. 1250) was the first Mormaer or "Earl" of Carrick, Scotland.

In 1176, he was handed over by his father Gille Brigte to King Henry II of England as a hostage, to ensure the good behaviour of the
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Earl of Carrick was the head of a comital lordship of Carrick in south-western Scotland. The title emerged in 1186, when Donnchad, son of Gille Brigte, Lord of Galloway, became Mormaer or Earl of Carrick in compensation for exclusion from the whole Lordship of Galloway.
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Richard de Morville (d.1189), succeeded his father Hugh de Morville (d.1162) as Lord of Cunningham, Lord of Lauderdale and Constable of Scotland.

In addition to his Scottish estates, Richard de Morville also held his father's lands at Bozeat in Northamptonshire, and Rutland,
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