Louis Botha
Information about Louis Botha
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Louis Botha
| Louis Botha | |
|---|---|
| September 27 1862 – August 27, 1919 | |
) | |
| Place of birth | Greytown, Natal |
| Allegiance | ){kind=small} Natalia Republic){kind=spacer} South African Republic){kind=small} Union of South Africa){kind=small} British Commonwealth |
| Years of service | 1899 - 1902 (Transvaal commandos) |
| Rank | General |
| Commands | Boer, South African Republic |
| Battles/wars | Second Boer War: -- Colenso -- Spioen kop -- Retreat from Pretoria First World War:-- South-West Africa Campaign |
| Other work | Prime Minister of Transvaal, First Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa, First Leader of the South African Party, member of the parliament of Transvaal representing the Vryheid District |
He became a member of the parliament of Transvaal in 1897, representing the district of Vryheid. Two years later Botha fought in the Second Boer War, initially under Lucas Meyer in Northern Natal, and later as a general commanding and fighting with impressive capability at Colenso and Spioen kop. On the death of P. J. Joubert, he was made commander-in-chief of the Transvaal Boers, where he demonstrated his abilities again at Belfast-Dalmanutha. After the fall of Pretoria, he led a concentrated guerrilla campaign against the British together with Koos de la Rey and Christiaan de Wet. The success of his measures was seen in the steady resistance offered by the Boers to the very close of the three years' war.
He was the chief representative of his countrymen in the peace negotiations of 1902, After the grant of self-government to the Transvaal in 1907, General Botha was called upon by Lord Selborne to form a government, and in the spring of the same year he took part in the conference of colonial premiers held in London. During his visit to England on this occasion General Botha declared the whole-hearted adhesion of the Transvaal to the British empire, and his intention to work for the welfare of the country regardless of racial differences (in this era referring to Boers/Afrikaners as a separate race to British South Africans).
He later worked towards peace with the British, representing the Boers at the peace negotiations in 1902. In the period of reconstruction under British rule, Botha went to Europe with de Wet and de la Rey to raise funds to enable the Boers to resume their former avocations. Botha, who was still looked upon as the leader of the Boer people, took a prominent part in politics, advocating always measures which he considered as tending to the maintenance of peace and good order and the re-establishment of prosperity in the Transvaal. His war record made him prominent in the politics of Transvaal and he was a major player in the postwar reconstruction of that country, becoming Prime Minister of Transvaal on March 4, 1907. In 1911, together with another Boer war hero, Jan Smuts, he formed the South African Party, or SAP. Widely viewed as too conciliatory with Britain, Botha faced revolts from within his own party and opposition from James Barry Munnik Hertzog's National Party. When South Africa obtained dominion status in 1910, Botha became the first Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa.
After the First World War started, he sent troops to take German South West Africa, a move unpopular among Boers, which provoked the Boer Revolt.
At the end of the War he briefly led a British Empire military mission to the Second Polish Republic during the Polish-Soviet War. He argued that the terms of the Versailles Treaty were too harsh on the Central Powers, but signed the treaty.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by ??? | Member of South African Republic Parliament, Vryheid District 1897 – 1899 | Succeeded by ??? |
| Preceded by New office | Prime Minister, Transvaal 1907 – 1910 | Succeeded by Merged with other territories to form Union of South Africa |
| Preceded by New office | Prime Minister, Union of South Africa 1910 – 1919 | Succeeded by Jan Smuts |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded by New office | Leader of the Het Volk Party 1907 – 1910 | Succeeded by Merged with others to form South Africa Party |
| Preceded by New office | Leader of the South African Party 1910 – 1919 | Succeeded by Jan Smuts |
September 27 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.
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Greytown may refer to one of several places:
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- Greytown, New Zealand
- Greytown, KwaZulu-Natal, a town in South Africa
- Greytown, Nicaragua, the capital city of the municipality of San Juan de Nicaragua
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The Colony of Natal was a British colony in south-eastern Africa. It was proclaimed a British colony on May 4, 1843 after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia, and on 31 May1910 combined with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa.
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The Natalia Republic was a short-lived Boer republic, established in 1839 by local Afrikaans-speaking Voortrekkers shortly after the famous Battle of Blood River. The republic was located on the coast of the Indian Ocean beyond the Eastern Cape, and was previously named
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South African Republic (Dutch: Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek, or ZAR), often informally known as the Transvaal Republic, was an independent Afrikaner/Boer country in southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century.
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Union of South Africa is the historic predecessor to the present-day state of the Republic of South Africa. It came into being on 31 May 1910, with the previously separate colonies of the Cape, Natal, Transvaal and the Orange Free State becoming Provinces in the Union of South
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Headquarters
(and largest city)
Official languages English
Membership 53 sovereign states
Leaders
- Head of the Commonwealth Queen Elizabeth II
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(and largest city)
Official languages English
Membership 53 sovereign states
Leaders
- Head of the Commonwealth Queen Elizabeth II
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A General Officer is an officer of high military rank. The term is used by nearly every country in the world. General can be used as a generic term for all grades of general officer, or it can specifically refer to a single rank that is just called General.
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Boer (IPA: /bur/) is the Dutch word for farmer which came to denote the descendants of the Dutch-speaking pastoralists of the eastern Cape frontier in Southern Africa during the 1700s as well as those who left the Cape Colony during the 1800s to settle in the Orange Free State,
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South African Republic (Dutch: Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek, or ZAR), often informally known as the Transvaal Republic, was an independent Afrikaner/Boer country in southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century.
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Civilians killed [mainly Boers] : 24,000+
The Second Boer War (Dutch: Tweede Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog) , commonly referred to as The Boer War and also known as the South African War
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The Second Boer War (Dutch: Tweede Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog) , commonly referred to as The Boer War and also known as the South African War
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Battle of Colenso was fought between British and Boer forces at Colenso, South Africa on 15 December 1899 as part of the Second Boer War.
Inadequate preparation and reconnaissance and uninspired leadership led to a heavy, and in some respects humiliating, British defeat.
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Inadequate preparation and reconnaissance and uninspired leadership led to a heavy, and in some respects humiliating, British defeat.
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Battle of Spion Kop (Afrikaans: Slag van Spioenkop) was fought about 38 km (21 miles) west-south-west of Ladysmith on the hilltop of Spioenkop(1) along the Tugela River, Natal in South Africa.
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Clockwise from top: Trenches on the Western Front; a British Mark IV tank crossing a trench; Royal Navy battleship HMS Irresistible sinking after striking a mine at the Battle of the Dardanelles; a Vickers machine gun crew with gas masks, and German Albatros D.
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The South-West Africa Campaign was the conquest and occupation of German South West Africa, now called Namibia, by forces from the Union of South Africa acting on behalf of the British Imperial Government at the start of World War I.
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Transvaal (lit. beyond the Vaal [pale river]) was one of the British colonies that united to form the Union of South Africa in 1910. After the Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902 the bulk of the South African Republic became the Transvaal Colony, while the remainder was
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Union of South Africa is the historic predecessor to the present-day state of the Republic of South Africa. It came into being on 31 May 1910, with the previously separate colonies of the Cape, Natal, Transvaal and the Orange Free State becoming Provinces in the Union of South
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The South African Party was a political party that existed in the Union of South Africa from 1911 to 1934. The outline and foundation for the party was realized after the election of a 'South African party', made up of Boers and British settlers committed to cooperation between the
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Transvaal (lit. beyond the Vaal [pale river]) was one of the British colonies that united to form the Union of South Africa in 1910. After the Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902 the bulk of the South African Republic became the Transvaal Colony, while the remainder was
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Vryheid is a coal mining and cattle ranching town in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Vryheid is Afrikaans for "freedom" or "liberty".
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History
After British and Boer mercenaries had helped Dinuzulu defeat his rival Usibepu for succession of the Zulu throne, land and farming..... Click the link for more information.
September 27 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.
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Events
- 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona, and is defeated again.
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19th century - 20th century
1830s 1840s 1850s - 1860s - 1870s 1880s 1890s
1859 1860 1861 - 1862 - 1863 1864 1865
:
Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture -
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1830s 1840s 1850s - 1860s - 1870s 1880s 1890s
1859 1860 1861 - 1862 - 1863 1864 1865
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Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture -
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August 27 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.
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Events
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1880s 1890s 1900s - 1910s - 1920s 1930s 1940s
1916 1917 1918 - 1919 - 1920 1921 1922
Year 1919 (MCMXIX
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1880s 1890s 1900s - 1910s - 1920s 1930s 1940s
1916 1917 1918 - 1919 - 1920 1921 1922
Year 1919 (MCMXIX
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A prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. The position is usually held by, but need not always be held by, a politician.
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Union of South Africa is the historic predecessor to the present-day state of the Republic of South Africa. It came into being on 31 May 1910, with the previously separate colonies of the Cape, Natal, Transvaal and the Orange Free State becoming Provinces in the Union of South
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