Information about Mountain range

For exotic financial options, see .

A mountain range is a chain of mountains bordered by lowlands or separated from other mountain ranges by passes or rivers. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geology; they may be a mix of different orogeny, for example volcanoes, uplifted mountains or fold mountains and may, therefore, be of different rock. The Andes is the world's longest mountain range. The Himalaya contains the world's highest mountains. The Arctic Cordillera is the world's northernmost mountain system and contains the highest point in eastern North America.

Tectonic plate movement

A range of mountains (often elongated) may be caused by tectonic plate interactions. For example, the Himalaya in Asia are the result of the Indian plate hitting the Eurasian plate, causing a 'crumple zone' near the line of impact. Sometimes, one tectonic plate can become pushed beneath another. The top plate scrapes off the material which builds up to form mountains, this happens over millions of years. Volcanoes can arise for this reason. An example is Vesuvius.

Volcanic action

Singular mountains are often the result of volcanic processes but, in some instances such as the Hawaiian Islands, these processes can result in a chain of mountains that might be considered a mountain range

Erosion

Uplifted regions or volcanic caps can undergo erosion, resulting in a range of mountains. An example is the English Lake District. Mountain streams carry eroded debris downhill and deposit it in alluvial plains or in deltas. This forms the classical geological chain of events, leading to one type of sedimentary rock formation: erosion, transportation, deposition and compaction.

Climate

The position of mountains influences climate, such as rainfall. When wind moves over the sea, the warm moist air rises and cools to form orographic rainfall, while cool dry air moves over the ridge to the leeward side.

Their location also affects temperature. If the sun is shining from the east, then the eastern side of the mountain will receive sunlight and warmth, while the other side will be shaded and cooled, so certain ecosystems maintain different biological clocks depending on the location of a mountain.

Ecology

Mountain ranges can support different terrestrial biomes, at varying altitudes: at the bottom, they may have grassland, then a coniferous forest or boreal forest, then tundra at the top.

mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill, but there is no universally accepted standard definition for the height of a mountain or a hill although a mountain usually has an identifiable
..... Click the link for more information.

pass (also gap, notch, col, saddle, bwlch or bealach) is a lower point that allows easier access through a range. On the route through the range, it is locally the highest point on the route.
..... Click the link for more information.

Orogeny (Greek for "mountain generating") is the process of mountain building, and may be studied as a tectonic structural event, as a geographical event and a chronological event, in that orogenic events cause distinctive structural phenomena and related tectonic activity,
..... Click the link for more information.

Volcano:
1. Large magma chamber
2. Bedrock
3. Conduit (pipe)
4. Base
5. Sill
6. Branch pipe
7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano
8. Flank 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano
10. Throat
11. Parasitic cone
12. Lava flow
13. Vent
14.
..... Click the link for more information.

fold is used in geology when one or a stack of originally flat and planar surfaces, such as sedimentary strata, are bent or curved as a result of plastic (i.e. permanent) deformation. Synsedimentary folds are those due to slumping of material before deformation.
..... Click the link for more information.

Andes (Quechua: Anti(s/kuna))

The Andes between Chile and Argentina

Countries |
..... Click the link for more information.

Arctic Cordillera

Mount Asgard in July 2001

Country | Canada
Regions |
..... Click the link for more information.

Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων, tektōn "builder" or "mason") is a theory of geology that has been developed to explain the observed evidence for large scale motions of the Earth's lithosphere.
..... Click the link for more information.

Himalayas (also Himalaya, Hindi: हिमालय, IPA pronunciation: [hɪ'mɑlijə], [ˌhɪmə'leɪjə]
..... Click the link for more information.

Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent. It covers 8.6% of the Earth's total surface area (or 29.4% of its land area) and, with almost 4 billion people, it contains more than 60% of the world's current human population.
..... Click the link for more information.

This page is currently protected from editing until disputes have been resolved.
Protection is not an endorsement of the current [ version] ([ protection log]).
..... Click the link for more information.

Mount Vesuvius (Italian: Monte Vesuvio, Latin: Mons Vesuvius) is a volcano east of Naples, Italy. It is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years, although it is not currently erupting.
..... Click the link for more information.

State of Hawaii
Mokuʻāina o Hawaiʻi

Flag of Hawaii Seal of Hawaii
Nickname(s): The Aloha State

..... Click the link for more information.

Lake District, also known as The Lakes or Lakeland, is a rural area in North West England. A popular holiday destination, it is famous for its lakes and its mountains (or fells
..... Click the link for more information.

An alluvial plain is a relatively flat and gently sloping landform found at the base of a range of hills or mountains, formed by the deposition of alluvial soil over a long period of time by one or more rivers coming from the mountains.
..... Click the link for more information.

delta is a landform where the mouth of a river flows into an ocean, sea, desert, estuary, lake or another river. It builds up sediment outwards into the flat area which the river's flow encounters (as a deltaic deposit
..... Click the link for more information.

Sedimentary rock is one of the three main rock groups (the others being igneous and metamorphic rock). Rock formed from sediments covers 75-80% of the Earth's land area, and includes common types such as chalk, limestone, dolomite, sandstone, conglomerate and shale.
..... Click the link for more information.

Erosion is displacement of solids (soil, mud, rock and other particles) usually by the agents of currents such as, wind, water, or ice by downward or down-slope movement in response to gravity or by living organisms (in the case of bioerosion).
..... Click the link for more information.

In geology, transportation refers to the movement of eroded debris, whether by rivers, glaciers, wind or ocean currents and tides. Particle sizes can vary from tiny clay particles suspended in moving water, to pebbles and boulders.
..... Click the link for more information.

Deposition is the geological process whereby material is added to a landform. This is the process by which wind and water create a deposit, through the laying down of granular material that has been eroded and transported from another geographical location.
..... Click the link for more information.

Compaction (geology) refers to the process by which a newly deposited sediment progressively loses its original water content due to the effects of loading, this forms part of the process of lithification.
..... Click the link for more information.

A biome is a major geographical area of ecologically similar communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, often referred to as ecosystems. Biomes are defined based on factors such as plant structures (such as trees, shrubs, and grasses), leaf types (such as broadleaf and
..... Click the link for more information.

Grasslands are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses (Poaceae) and other herbaceous (non-woody) plants (forbs). Grasslands occur naturally on all continents except Antarctica, and in many other areas they have replaced the natural vegetation due to human influence.
..... Click the link for more information.

Temperate coniferous forest is a terrestrial biome found in temperate regions of the world with warm summers and cool winters and adequate rainfall to sustain a forest. In most Temperate coniferous forests, evergreen conifers predominate, while some are a mix of conifers and
..... Click the link for more information.

Taiga (IPA pronunciation: /ˈtaɪgə/ or /taɪˈga/, from Mongolian) is a biome characterized by coniferous forests.
..... Click the link for more information.

In physical geography, tundra is an area where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The term "tundra" comes from Kildin Sami tūndâr 'uplands, tundra, treeless mountain tract'.
..... Click the link for more information.

This is a list of mountain ranges organized alphabetically by continent. Ranges on other astronomical bodies are listed afterward.

Earth

Africa

Aberdare Range, Kenya
Ahaggar Mountains, Algeria
Atlas mountains, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia

..... Click the link for more information.

Mount Adams – Cascades, Washington
Mount Adams – White Mountains, New Hampshire
Mount Alyeska– Alaska

Mount Baker – Cascades, Washington
Mount Baxter – California