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Nicomedia

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Palace of Diocletian in Nicomedia (İzmit)
Nicomedia (Greek: Νικομήδεια, modern İzmit) was founded by Nicomedes I of Bithynia at the head of the Gulf of Astacus which opens to the Propontis. In earlier antiquity, the city was called Astacus or Olbia (founded 712 BC). After being destroyed, it was rebuilt by Nicomedes I in 264 BC under the name of Nicomedia, and has ever since been one of the most important cities in northwestern Asia Minor. Hannibal came to Nicomedia in his final years and committed suicide in nearby Libyssa (Gebze). The historian Arrian was born there. Nicomedia was the metropolis of Bithynia under the Roman Empire, and Diocletian made it the eastern capital city of the Roman Empire in 286 when he introduced the Tetrarchy system. Nicomedia remained as the eastern (and most senior) capital of the Roman Empire until Licinius was defeated by Constantine the Great in 324. Constantine mainly resided in Nicomedia as his interim capital city for the next six years, until in 330 he declared the nearby Byzantium as Nova Roma, which eventually became known as Constantinople (present-day Istanbul). Constantine died in a royal villa at the vicinity of Nicomedia in 337. Owing to its position at the convergence of the Asiatic roads leading to the new capital, Nicomedia retained its importance even after the foundation of Constantinople.

See C. Texier, Asie mineure (Paris, 1839); V. Cuenet, Turquie d'Asie (Paris, 1894).

See also

Coordinates:
Greek}}} 
Writing system: Greek alphabet 
Official status
Official language of:  Greece
 Cyprus
 European Union
recognised as minority language in parts of:
 European Union
 Italy
 Turkey
Regulated by:
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Nicomedes I (in Greek Nικoμηδης; 279–c. 255 BC), second king of Bithynia, was the eldest son of Zipoites, whom he succeeded on the throne in 278 BC.
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Sea of Marmara (Turkish: Marmara Denizi, Greek: Θάλασσα του Μαρμαρά or Προποντίς, Bulgarian:
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Astacus
Fabricius, 1775

Species
See text.

Astacus is a genus of crayfish found in Europe and western Asia, comprising three species.
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Country Italy
Region Sardinia
Province Olbia-Tempio (OT)
Mayor Settimo Nizzi (since May, 2002)

Area km
Population
 - Total (as of May 25, 2006)
 - Density /km
Time zone
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8th century BC - 7th century BC

740s BC 730s BC 720s BC - 710s BC - 700s BC 690s BC 680s BC
719 BC 718 BC 717 BC 716 BC 715 BC
714 BC 713 BC 712 BC 711 BC 710 BC

- - State leaders - Sovereign states
-

Events and trends


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3rd century BC - 2nd century BC
290s BC  280s BC  270s BC - 260s BC - 250s BC  240s BC  230s BC 
267 BC 266 BC 265 BC - 264 BC - 263 BC 262 BC 261 BC

Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states

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This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling.
You can assist by [ editing it] now. A how-to guide is available, as is general .
This article has been tagged since September 2007.
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Hannibal, son of Hamilcar Barca, (247 BC – ca. 183 BC,[1][2][3][4][5] short form Hannibal) was a Carthaginian military commander and tactician, later also working in other professions, who is popularly credited as
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Gebze (classical name: Libyssa) is an industrial town in Kocaeli Province, Turkey. It is situated 30 miles east of Istanbul on the northern shore of the Marmara Sea. It's also the largest district of Kocaeli.
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Lucius Flavius Arrianus 'Xenophon' (ca. 86 - after 146), known in English as Arrian, and Arrian of Nicomedia, was a Greek historian, a public servant, a military commander and a philosopher of the Roman period.
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metropolis (in Greek μήτηρ, mētēr meaning mother and πόλις, pólis meaning city/town) is a big city,[1]
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Bithynia was an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor, adjoining the Propontis, the Thracian Bosporus and the Euxine (today Black Sea).

Description


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The Roman Empire is the name given to both the imperial domain developed by the city-state of Rome and also the corresponding phase of that civilization, characterized by an autocratic form of government. This article however is about the latter.
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Diocletian
Emperor of the Roman Empire

Diocletian
Reign November 20 284 - 286 (alone);
286 - May 1 305 (as Augustus of the East, with Maximian as Augustus of the West)
Full name Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus

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3rd century - 4th century
250s  260s  270s  - 280s -  290s  300s  310s
283 284 285 - 286 - 287 288 289
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Tetrarchy (Greek: "leadership of four people") can be applied to any system of government where power is divided between four individuals but is rarely used. The most famous Tetrarchy is that instituted by Roman Emperor Diocletian in 293 and lasted until c. 313.
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Licinius
Augustus in the East

Coin featuring Licinius
Reign 11 November 308 - 311 (as Augustus in the west, with Galerius in the east);
311 - 313 (joint Augustus with Maximinus)
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Constantine I
Emperor of the Roman Empire

Head of Constantine's colossal statue at the Capitoline Museums
Reign 306 - 312 (hailed as Augustus in the West, officially made Caesar by Galerius with Severus as Augustus, by agreement with Maximian, refused
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4th century · 5th century
290s 300s 310s 320s 330s 340s 350s
321 322 323 324 325 326 327
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4th century · 5th century
300s 310s 320s 330s 340s 350s 360s
327 328 329 330 331 332 333
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This article is about the city. See also Byzantine Empire.
Byzantium (Greek: Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Greek city, which, according to legend, was founded by Greek colonists from Megara in 667 BC and named
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Constantinople (Greek: Κωνσταντινούπολις, Konstantinoúpolis, or Πόλις, Polis
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State Party  Turkey
Type Cultural
Criteria i, ii, iii, iv
Reference 356
Region Europe and North America

Inscription History
Inscription 1985  (9th Session)
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4th century · 5th century
300s 310s 320s 330s 340s 350s 360s
334 335 336 337 338 339 340
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Bithynia was an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor, adjoining the Propontis, the Thracian Bosporus and the Euxine (today Black Sea).

Description


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Byzantine Empire or Byzantium is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire of the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople.
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The Empire of Nicaea (Greek: Βασίλειον τῆς Νίκαιας) was the largest of the Byzantine Greek states founded by the nobility of the Byzantine Empire after Constantinople was
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Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was originally designed to conquer Jerusalem through an invasion of Egypt. Instead, in April 1204, the Crusaders of the West invaded and conquered the Greek Orthodox city of Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire.
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Constantinople (Greek: Κωνσταντινούπολις, Konstantinoúpolis, or Πόλις, Polis
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