Orange (colour)
Information about Orange (colour)
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The colour orange occurs between red and yellow in the visible spectrum at a wavelength of about 585 – 620 nm, and has a hue of 30° in HSV colour space. The complementary colour of orange is azure, a slightly greenish blue. With pigments such as paints or inks, a mixture of the subtractive primary colours in the proportion of 75% yellow and 25% magenta produce the secondary colour orange. Orange pigments are largely in the ochre or cadmium families, and absorb mostly blue light.
| Orange (colour wheel) | ||
|---|---|---|
| <imagemap>Image:Information-silk.png|About these coordinates rect 0 0 50 50 About these coordinates desc none</imagemap>— Colour coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #FF7F00 | |
| RGBB | (r, g, b) | (255, 127, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (30°, 100%, 100%) |
| Source | HTML Color Chart @30 | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Orange (colour wheel)
At right is the colour wheel colour orange. This is the colour orange as defined in HSV colour space; that is, it is the hue midway between red and yellow, numerically halfway between red and yellow and in a gamma-compressed RGB colour space, and is diametrically opposite azure, on the HSV colour wheel.Etymology of orange
The colour is named after the orange fruit, introduced to Europe via the Indo-European word nāranja. Before this was introduced to the English-speaking world, the colour was referred to (in Old English) as geoluhread, which translates into Modern English as yellow-red.
| Orange (web colour) | ||
|---|---|---|
| <imagemap>Image:Information-silk.png|About these coordinates rect 0 0 50 50 About these coordinates desc none</imagemap>— Colour coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #FFA500 | |
| sRGBB | (r, g, b) | (255, 165, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (39°, 100%, 100%) |
| Source | CSS/X11/SVG[1] | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Orange web colours
Orange (web colour)
Web colour orange, defined as FFA500, is the only named colour defined in CSS that is not also defined in HTML 4.01| Dark orange (web colour) | ||
|---|---|---|
| <imagemap>Image:Information-silk.png|About these coordinates rect 0 0 50 50 About these coordinates desc none</imagemap>— Colour coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #FF8C00 | |
| sRGBB | (r, g, b) | (255, 140, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (34°, 100%, 94%) |
| Source | X11/SVG[1] | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Dark orange (web colour)
The web colour called dark orange is displayed at right.| Orange peel | ||
|---|---|---|
| <imagemap>Image:Information-silk.png|About these coordinates rect 0 0 50 50 About these coordinates desc none</imagemap>— Colour coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #FFA000 | |
| RGBB | (r, g, b) | (255, 160, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (38°, 100%, 100%) |
| Source | [Unsourced] | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Additional variations on the colour orange
Orange peel
Displayed at right is the actual colour of the outer skin of a typical orange. This colour is called orange peel. It is the same colour as the fruit for which it was named. In contrast to blue or red, this colour is well determined.A discussion of the difference between the colours orange and orange peel is given in Maerz and Paul.[4]
The first recorded use of orange peel as a colour name in English was in 1839. [5]
| Tangerine | ||
|---|---|---|
| <imagemap>Image:Information-silk.png|About these coordinates rect 0 0 50 50 About these coordinates desc none</imagemap>— Colour coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #F28500 | |
| RGBB | (r, g, b) | (243, 132, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (28°, 100%, 95%) |
| Source | BF2S Color Guide | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Tangerine
The first recorded use of tangerine as a colour name in English was in 1899. [6]
| Carrot orange | ||
|---|---|---|
| <imagemap>Image:Information-silk.png|About these coordinates rect 0 0 50 50 About these coordinates desc none</imagemap>— Colour coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #ED9121 | |
| RGBB | (r, g, b) | (237, 145, 33) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (33°, 86%, 93%) |
| Source | [Unsourced] | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Carrot orange
Carrot orange is a tint of orange that is the colour of the raw carrot vegetable.The first recorded use of carrot orange as a colour name in English was in 1684. [7]
| Burnt orange | ||
|---|---|---|
| <imagemap>Image:Information-silk.png|About these coordinates rect 0 0 50 50 About these coordinates desc none</imagemap>— Colour coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #CC5500 | |
| RGBB | (r, g, b) | (204, 85, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (25°, 100%, 80%) |
| Source | BF2S Color Guide | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Burnt orange
Burnt orange has been used as a colour name for this deep shade of orange since 1915 [8]. This colour is one variation that is used as a school colour of the Clemson University, Virginia Tech, Auburn University, and The University of Texas at Austin.Burnt Orange was popular in interior design in the 1970s.
| Brown | ||
|---|---|---|
| <imagemap>Image:Information-silk.png|About these coordinates rect 0 0 50 50 About these coordinates desc none</imagemap>— Colour coordinates — | ||
| Hex triplet | #964B00 | |
| RGBB | (r, g, b) | (150, 75, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (30°, 100%, 59%) |
| Source | BF2S Color Guide | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Brown
Brown is actually derived from the orange part (orange + grey) of the colour spectrum. It can be described as dark orange.
The first recorded use of brown as a colour name in English was in 1000. [9]
Orange in human culture
Academia
- In the United States, orange regalia is associated with the field of engineering.
Geography and history
- Orange is the national colour of The Netherlands, because its royal family used to own the principality of Orange (the title is still used for the Dutch heir apparent). There is no etymological connection between orange (the fruit and colour) and Orange (the name of the principality), and the similarity is fortuitous. Orange is the colour of choice for many of the national sports teams and their supporters. The nickname of the Dutch national football team is Oranje, the Dutch word for orange. In the modern flag of the Netherlands, red substitutes the original orange, but on royal birthdays, the flag has an additional orange banner. Most geographical usages of the word orange can be traced back to Dutch maritime power in the 17th century.
- In Ireland the use of orange dates from the reign of William of Orange, the Protestant English king and a Dutch stadholder.
Heraldry
- In English heraldry, orange is considered synonymous with the tincture tenne. However, its use as a heraldic tincture is relatively rare, as it is considered a "stain" (a deprecated tincture) by some. In continental heraldry, tenne is more often deemed to denote a burnt orange colour.
Holidays
- The colours orange and black represent the holiday Halloween (31 October) because orange is the colour of pumpkins and black is the colour of night and is associated with doom, despair and darkness.
- The colours orange and brown represent the United States holiday Thanksgiving.
Military
- In the United States Army, orange is the colour of the United States Army Signal Corps.
National colours
- Orange is the national colour of the Netherlands and is seen on its original flag and coat of arms.
- Orange, white, and green are the national colours of Ireland, Niger, and Côte d'Ivoire.
Mysticism
- In the metaphysics of the New Age Prophetess, Alice A. Bailey, in her system called the Seven Rays which classifies humans into seven different metaphysical personality types, the fifth ray of concrete science is represented by the colour orange. People who have this metaphysical personality type are said to be on the Orange Ray.
- Orange is used to symbolically represent the second (Swadhisthana) chakra.
- Psychics who claim to be able to observe the aura with their third eye report that an orange aura is associated with intellectual ambition.[10]
Penology
- Prisoners incarcerated in prisons are made to wear orange jumpsuits so they will be easy to see if they try to escape.
Politics
- Orange was the rallying colour of the 2004 – 2005 Orange Revolution in Ukraine and has thus become a colour symbolising opposition to tyranny around the world.
- Orange is sometimes associated with Christian Democratic parties and various kinds of populistic parties. Such is the case in Germany, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Finland, Hungary, Bolivia, Canada.
- Orange is used as a rallying colour by Jewish settlers in the Gaza Strip who oppose the Gaza Pull-Out plan.
- Ulster Unionism is associated with orange, due to its Protestant symbolism and connection to King William III
- Orange is the party colour of:
- Fidesz-MPSZ in Hungary
- CD&V, Flanders, Belgium
- People's National Party, Jamaica
- The Justice and Truth Alliance, Romania
- People First Party, Republic of China (Taiwan)
- New Democratic Party, Canada
- June List, Sweden
- Free Patriotic Movement, Lebanon
- Bharatiya Janata Party, India
- Pora or "High Time", Ukraine — see Orange Revolution
- Social Democratic Party, Portugal
- People's Party (Spain) since 2005
- BZÖ, Jörg Haider's newly formed party in Austria
- National Union (Israel)
- Reformed Political Party, Netherlands
- Christian Democratic Union, Germany
- Union for French Democracy and Democratic Movement, France
- Democratic Party (Italy)
- European Democratic Party
Prosody
- Orange is often quoted (along with Purple and Silver (color)) as a word that doesn't rhyme with any other word in the English language. This is debatable - see Orange (word)#Rhyme
In a children's book of verse, in a poem titled "Color," there are these lines:
''What is red? a poppy's red, in its barley bed.
''What is orange? Why, an orange--just an orange!
Raves
- Orange is the favorite colour for people to wear to rave dances.
Religion
- Orange signifies Protestantism in Northern Ireland (see Orange Institution) and to a lesser extent in the Republic of Ireland (the orange part of whose flag represents the Protestant population) [11])
- Orange represents Hinduism in the flags of India and Sri Lanka. Hindu gurus usually wear orange robes.
Safety Signalling
- Orange is the contrasting colour of blue and is highly visible against a clear sky. Therefore, orange is often used in safety. See: Safety orange and Dayglow orange
- The colour orange is often used for visibility enhancement.
Security
- The U.S. Department of Homeland Security's code orange on its terror threat scale represents a high risk, second highest to severe.
Sport
- * Orange is (usually) the colour of the Netherlands national football team and all other Dutch national teams and athletes.
- Orange is also the colour of the Ivory Coast national football team.
- In American collegiate athletics, orange is combined with other colours to form the colours for:
- Auburn University
- Boise State University
- Bowling Green State University
- Campbell University
- Clemson University
- Oklahoma State University
- Oregon State University
- Princeton University
- The Rochester Institute of Technology
- Sam Houston State University
- The University of Illinois
- The University of Florida
- The University of Miami
- The University of Virginia
- University of Tennessee
- The University of Texas
- The University of Texas at El Paso
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
- Princeton's Ultimate Frisbee team is nicknamed "Clockwork Orange" after the book.
- The Orange is the name of several sports teams at Syracuse, in addition to being the university's colour.
- American professional teams that use orange as a primary colour include the Baltimore Orioles, San Francisco Giants and New York Mets of Major League Baseball, the Chicago Bears, Cleveland Browns, Cincinnati Bengals, Denver Broncos, and Miami Dolphins of the National Football League, the New York Knicks, the Phoenix Suns and the Charlotte Bobcats of the National Basketball Association and the Philadelphia Flyers and New York Islanders of the National Hockey League.
- Orange is the colour of the second equipation of Valencia CF (Spain). The Land of Valencia has oranges as a traditional produce.
- Orange is the colour of Blackpool FC in England
- Orange is the colour of the ball in Snooker Plus with an 8-point value.
- Orange is also the colour of J-league football team, Omiya Ardija.
- Finnish SM-Liiga ice-hockey team Tappara is famous for unusual orange hockey pants.
Transportation
- Deluxe International orange is the colour of the paint on San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge
- The U.S. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices specifies orange for use in temporary and construction signage.
References
1. ^ W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords
2. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 200
3. ^ W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords
4. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930--McGraw-Hill--Discussion of color Orange, Page 170
5. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 200; Color Sample: Orange Peel Page 43 Plate 10 Color Sample L10.
6. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 205; Color Sample: Carrot Orange Page 27 Plate 2 Color Sample H11
7. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 192; Color Sample: Carrot Orange Page 43 Plate 10 Color Sample C11; see discussion of color "carrot orange" on page 152.
8. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York: 1930--McGraw-Hill (see under Burnt Orange in Index, Page 191)
9. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 191
10. ^ Swami Panchadasi The Human Aura: Astral Colors and Thought Forms Des Plaines, Illinois, USA:1912--Yogi Publications Society Page 33
11. ^ Irel=and's Washington DC Embassy webpage Accessed June 4, 2007.
2. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 200
3. ^ W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords
4. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930--McGraw-Hill--Discussion of color Orange, Page 170
5. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 200; Color Sample: Orange Peel Page 43 Plate 10 Color Sample L10.
6. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 205; Color Sample: Carrot Orange Page 27 Plate 2 Color Sample H11
7. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 192; Color Sample: Carrot Orange Page 43 Plate 10 Color Sample C11; see discussion of color "carrot orange" on page 152.
8. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York: 1930--McGraw-Hill (see under Burnt Orange in Index, Page 191)
9. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 191
10. ^ Swami Panchadasi The Human Aura: Astral Colors and Thought Forms Des Plaines, Illinois, USA:1912--Yogi Publications Society Page 33
11. ^ Irel=and's Washington DC Embassy webpage Accessed June 4, 2007.
See also
- Amber
- List of colours
- Safety orange
- Tangerine
External links
The Electromagnetic Spectrum | |
|---|---|
| Visible (optical) spectrum | (Sorted by wavelength, short to long) Gamma ray • X-ray • Ultraviolet • Visible spectrum • Infrared • Terahertz radiation • Microwave • Radio waves |
| Microwave spectrum | W band • V band • K band: Ka band, Ku band • X band • C band • S band • L band |
| Radio spectrum | EHF • SHF • UHF • VHF • HF • MF • LF • VLF • ULF • SLF • ELF |
| Wavelength designations | Microwave • Shortwave • Mediumwave • Longwave |
The Heraldic Tincture Series | |
|---|---|
| Rule of Tincture | |
| Metals | Argent • Or |
| Colours | Azure • Gules • Purpure • Sable • Vert |
| Furs | Ermine • Vair • Potent |
| Stains | Murrey • Tenn • Sanguine |
| Other | Bleu celeste • Carnation • Cendre • Orange |
| Web colours | black | gray | silver | white | red | maroon | purple | fuchsia | green | lime | olive | yellow | orange | blue | navy | teal | aqua |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Color or colour[1] (see spelling differences) is the visual perceptual property corresponding in humans to the categories called red, yellow, blue, black, etc.
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Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625–750 nm.
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Yellow is the color evoked by light that stimulates both the L and M (long- and medium-wavelength) cone cells of the retina about equally, but does not significantly stimulate the S
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visible spectrum (or sometimes optical spectrum) is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to (can be detected by) the human eye. Electromagnetic radiation in this range of wavelengths is called visible light or simply light.
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In physics, wavelength is the distance between repeating units of a propagating wave of a given frequency. It is commonly designated by the Greek letter lambda (λ). Examples of wave-like phenonomena are light, water waves, and sound waves.
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1 nanometre =
SI units
010−9 m 010−3 μm
US customary / Imperial units
010−9 ft 010−9 in
A nanometre (American spelling: nanometer, symbol nmSI units
010−9 m 010−3 μm
US customary / Imperial units
010−9 ft 010−9 in
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Hue is one of the three main attributes of perceived color, in addition to lightness and chroma (or colorfulness). Hue is also one of the three dimensions in some colorspaces along with saturation, and brightness (also known as lightness or value).
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HSL and HSV (also called HSB) are two related representations of points in an RGB color space, which attempt to describe perceptual color relationships more accurately than RGB, while remaining computationally simple.
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Complementary colors are pairs of colors that are of “opposite” hue in some color model. The exact hue “complementary” to a given hue depends on the model in question, and perceptually uniform, additive, and subtractive color models, for example, have
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B (r, g, b) (240, 255, 255)
Source X11 color names
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
United Nations blue
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet #5B92E5
RGBB (r, g, b) (91, 146, 229)
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Source X11 color names
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
United Nations blue
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet #5B92E5
RGBB (r, g, b) (91, 146, 229)
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Green is a color, the perception of which is evoked by light having a spectrum dominated by energy with a wavelength of roughly 520–570 nm. It is considered one of the additive primary colors.
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The term blue may refer to any of a number of similar colours. The sensation of blue is made by light having a spectrum dominated by energy in the wavelength range of about 440–490 nm.
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pigment is a material that changes the color of light it reflects as the result of selective color absorption. This physical process differs from fluorescence, phosphorescence, and other forms of luminescence, in which the material itself emits light.
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Paint is any liquid, liquifiable, or mastic composition which after application to a substrate in a thin layer is converted to an opaque solid film.
Paint is used to protect, decorate (such as adding color), or add functionality to an object or surface by covering it
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Paint is used to protect, decorate (such as adding color), or add functionality to an object or surface by covering it
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An ink is a liquid containing various pigments and/or dyes used for coloring a surface to produce an image or text. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen or brush or quill. Thicker inks, in paste form, are used extensively in letterpress and lithographic printing.
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additive primary colors of a CRT color video display]] Primary colors are sets of colors that can be combined to make a useful range (gamut) of colors. For human applications, three are often used; for additive combination of colors, as in overlapping projected lights or in
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MAGENTA
General
Michael Jacobson Jr., Klaus Huber
1998
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128, 192 or 256 bits
Block size(s):| 128 bits
Feistel network
6 or 8
In cryptography, MAGENTA
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General
Michael Jacobson Jr., Klaus Huber
1998
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128, 192 or 256 bits
Block size(s):| 128 bits
Feistel network
6 or 8
In cryptography, MAGENTA
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A secondary color (or secondary colour, see spelling differences) is a color made by mixing two primary colors in a given color space. Examples include the following.
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Ochre or Ocher (pronounced /'əʊ.kə(r)/, from the Greek ὠχρός, yellow) is a color, usually described as golden-yellow or light yellow brown.
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Cadmium pigments are a class of pigments that have cadmium as one of the chemical components. Most of cadmium produced worldwide is used in the production of Ni-Cd Batteries, but about half the remaining consumption, which is about 2,000 tons annually, is used to produce colored
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RGB color model is an additive model in which red, green, and blue (often used in additive light models) are combined in various ways to reproduce other colors. The name of the model and the abbreviation ‘RGB’ come from the three primary colors, red, green, and blue and
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Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625–750 nm.
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Green is a color, the perception of which is evoked by light having a spectrum dominated by energy with a wavelength of roughly 520–570 nm. It is considered one of the additive primary colors.
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The term blue may refer to any of a number of similar colours. The sensation of blue is made by light having a spectrum dominated by energy in the wavelength range of about 440–490 nm.
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HSL and HSV (also called HSB) are two related representations of points in an RGB color space, which attempt to describe perceptual color relationships more accurately than RGB, while remaining computationally simple.
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Hue is one of the three main attributes of perceived color, in addition to lightness and chroma (or colorfulness). Hue is also one of the three dimensions in some colorspaces along with saturation, and brightness (also known as lightness or value).
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colorfulness, chroma, and saturation are related concepts referring to the intensity of a specific color. More technically, colorfulness is the perceived difference between the color of some stimulus and gray, chroma
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Brightness is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to emit a given amount of light. In other words, brightness is the perception elicited by the luminance of a visual target. This is a subjective attribute/property of an object being observed.
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HSL and HSV (also called HSB) are two related representations of points in an RGB color space, which attempt to describe perceptual color relationships more accurately than RGB, while remaining computationally simple.
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Gamma correction, gamma nonlinearity, gamma encoding, or often simply gamma, is the name of a nonlinear operation used to code and decode luminance or tristimulus values in video or still image systems.
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