Pulmonary artery

Information about Pulmonary artery

Artery:
Diagram of the alveoli with both cross-section and external view.
Latintruncus pulmonalis, arteria pulmonalis
subject #141 543
Sourceright ventricle
Veinpulmonary vein
MeSH Pulmonary+Artery
Dorlands/Elsevier t_20/12826098
The pulmonary arteries carry blood from the heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood.

In the human heart, the pulmonary trunk (pulmonary artery or main pulmonary artery) begins at the base of the right ventricle. It is short and wide - approximately 5 cm (2 inches) in length and 3 cm (1.2 inches) in diameter. It then branches into two pulmonary arteries (left and right), which deliver deoxygenated blood to the corresponding lung.

Role in disease

Pulmonary hypertension occurs alone and as a consequence of a number of lung diseases. It can be a consequence of heart disease (Eisenmenger's syndrome) but equally a cause (right-ventricular heart failure); it also occurs as a consequence of pulmonary embolism and scleroderma. It is characterised by reduced exercise tolerance. Severe forms, generally, have a dismal prognosis.

Additional images


Bronchial anatomy

Bronchi, bronchial tree, and lungs

Pulmonary circuit

Anatomy of lungs.

Front view of heart and lungs.

Transverse section of thorax, showing relations of pulmonary artery.

Base and diaphragmatic surface of heart.

The position and relation of the esophagus in the cervical region and in the posterior mediastinum. Seen from behind.


See also

External links

 •  • [ e]
Cardiovascular system
Blood  |  Heart → Aorta → Arteries → Arterioles → Capillaries → Venules → Veins → Vena cava → Heart → Pulmonary arteries → Lungs → Pulmonary vein
 •  • [ e]
Arteries of torso - chest
Pulmonary/
coronary		right coronary (sinuatrial nodal, atrioventricular nodal, atrial, right marginal, posterior interventricular) - left coronary (anterior interventricular, left circumflex, left marginal)
Ascending aortaaortic arch - brachiocephalic (thyreoidea ima) - common carotid
Subclavianinternal thoracic: anterior intercostal - pericardiacophrenic - terminal (musculophrenic, superior epigastric)
costocervical trunk: highest intercostal, deep cervical
Descending /
thoracic aorta		bronchial - esophageal - posterior intercostal - subcostal
Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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The right ventricle is one of four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) in the human heart. It receives de-oxygenated blood from the right atrium via the tricuspid valve, and pumps it into the pulmonary artery via the pulmonary valve.
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The pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. They are the only veins in the post-fetal human body that carry oxygenated (red) blood.

The pulmonary veins return the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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Blood is a specialized biological fluid consisting of red blood cells (also called RBCs or erythrocytes), white blood cells (also called leukocytes) and platelets (also called thrombocytes) suspended in a complex fluid medium known as blood plasma.
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heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood through the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions, or a similar structure in the annelids, mollusks, and arthropods.
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lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity.[1]]]

The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates, the most primitive being the lungfish.
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Arteries are muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.[1] All arteries, with the exception of the pulmonary and umbilical arteries, carry oxygenated blood.

The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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The umbilical artery is a paired artery (with one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. In the fetus, it extends into the umbilical cord.
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heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood through the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions, or a similar structure in the annelids, mollusks, and arthropods.
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The right ventricle is one of four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) in the human heart. It receives de-oxygenated blood from the right atrium via the tricuspid valve, and pumps it into the pulmonary artery via the pulmonary valve.
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lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity.[1]]]

The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates, the most primitive being the lungfish.
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MeSH D006976 In medicine, pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary artery or lung vasculature, leading to shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, and other symptoms, all of which are exacerbated by exertion.
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In medicine, pulmonology (aka pneumology) is the specialty that deals with diseases of the lungs and the respiratory tract. It is called chest medicine and respiratory medicine in some countries and areas.
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Heart disease is an umbrella term for a number of different diseases which affect the heart and as of 2007 it is the leading cause of death in the United States.[1]

Types of heart disease

Cardiomyopathy


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Eisenmenger's syndrome
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 Q 21.8
ICD-9 745.4

DiseasesDB 4143

eMedicine med/642  
MeSH D004541 Eisenmenger's syndrome or Eisenmenger's reaction
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Heart failure
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 I 50.0
ICD-9 428.0

DiseasesDB 16209
MedlinePlus 000158
eMedicine med/3552  
MeSH D006333

Congestive heart failure (CHF), also called
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Pulmonary embolism
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 I 26.
ICD-9 415.1

DiseasesDB 10956
MedlinePlus 000132
eMedicine med/1958   emerg/490 radio/582

Pulmonary embolism
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Systemic sclerosis
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 M 34.
ICD-9 710.1

OMIM 181750
DiseasesDB 12845
MedlinePlus 000429
eMedicine med/2076   med/3132 derm/677 ped/2197
MeSH D012595 Scleroderma
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 J 40. - J 44. , J 47.
ICD-9 490 - 496

OMIM 606963
DiseasesDB 2672
MedlinePlus 000091
eMedicine med/373   emerg/99

MeSH C08.381.495.
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MeSH D006976 In medicine, pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary artery or lung vasculature, leading to shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, and other symptoms, all of which are exacerbated by exertion.
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MeSH D013927 Thrombosis is the formation of a clot or thrombus inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. Thromboembolism is a general term describing both thrombosis and its main complication which is embolisation.
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Pulmonary circulation is the portion of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygen-depleted blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood back to the heart. The term is contrasted with systemic circulation.
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Rasmussen's aneurysm is a pulmonary artery aneurysm adjacent or within a tuberculous cavity. It occurs in up to 5% of patients with such lesions. It may lead to rupture and haemorrhage. It is named after Fritz Valdemar Rasmussen.
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GPnotebook is a British medical database for general practitioners (GPs).[1] It is an online encyclopaedia of medicine that provides an immediate reference resource for clinicians worldwide. The database consists of over 30,000 pages of information.
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eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996 by Scott Plantz and Richard Lavely, two medical doctors. It was sold to WebMD in January 2006.
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The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City.
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The pericardium is a double-walled sac that contains the heart and the roots of the great vessels.

Layers

There are two layers to this sac: the fibrous pericardium and the serous pericardium.
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Great vessels is a term used to refer collectively to the primary blood vessels, which include:
  • Vena cavae
  • Superior vena cava
  • Inferior vena cava

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