Qur'an and miracles

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This is a sub-article to Qur'an and Islamic view of miracles.
Muslims consider the Qur'an, the holy book of Islam, as the word of God and a miracle.[1] There are many miracles claimed in connection with Qur'an, either recorded in the Qur'an itself or believed by some Muslims about the book.

Qur'an as a miracle

The Qur'an claims that it has been created in miraculous way as a revelation from Allah (God), as a perfect copy of what was written in heaven and existed there from all eternity.[2] Therefore the verses of the book are referred to as ayat, which also means "a miracle" in the Arabic language.[3]

The Quran claims that Muhammad was illiterate and neither read a book nor wrote a book (7:157, 29:48) and that he did not know about past events nor could he have possibly known the scientific facts that are mentioned in the Quran.(3:44, 11:49, 28:44).[4] This is used as an argument in favor of the divine origin of the book. On the other side, some scholars have stated that the claim about Muhammad's illiteracy is based on weak traditions and that it is not convincing. [5][6]

Claimed miracles in Qur'an

Qur'an records many miraculous events which happened or are about to happen, most notably the divine judgement of souls of dead people and their heavenly rewards or suffering in hell.[7] Muhammad, as believed by critics, was influenced by older Jewish and Christian traditions, and therefore included many of the wonders known from the Bible into the Quran.[8]

Ahmad Dallal, Professor of Arabic and Islamic Studies at Georgetown University, writes that many modern Muslims believe that the Qur'an does make scientific statements, however many classical Muslim commentators and scientists, notably al-Biruni, assigned to the Qur'an a separate and autonomous realm of its own and held that the Qur'an "does not interfere in the business of science nor does it infringe on the realm of science."[9] These medieval scholars argued for the possibility of multiple scientific explanation of the natural phenomena, and refused to subordinate the Qur'an to an ever-changing science.[9] The alleged miracles in the Qur’an are usually classified into areas such as scientific or literary.

List of Miracles in the Quran

"Then He [God] turned to the heavens, and it was in a gaseous state. And said to it, and the earth; “Come into existence, willingly or unwillingly.” They said, “We come willingly.” " (41:11)

The planets, stars, and all other celestial bodies were all made of gaseous substances which condensed to form the celestial objects.

"In the lowest part of the earth..." (30:3)

The verse refers to a battle between the Byzantines and Persians near the Dead Sea. At that time, it would have been impossible to know that the Dead Sea was indeed the lowest point on Earth except by some divine knowledge.

Opinions

Maurice Bucaille, in regard to writing his book “The Bible, The Quran and Science”, said, “My reason for doing this was that our knowledge of these disciplines is such, that it is impossible to explain how a text produced at the time of the Qur'an could have contained ideas that have only been discovered in modern times” and “There is indeed no human work prior to modern times that contains statements which were equally in advance of the state of knowledge at the time of they appeared and which might be compared to the Qur'an.”[10][11] William Campbell criticizes Maurice saying he finds his own translations of the qur'an using meanings not found in dictionaries.[12]

Notes

1. ^ F. Tuncer, "International Conferences on Islam in the Contemporary World", March 4-5, 2006, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A., p. 95-96
2. ^ Wilson, Christy: "The Qur'an" in A Lion Handbook The World's Religion, p. 315
3. ^ Wilson, ibid.
4. ^ F. Tuncer, ibid
5. ^ William Montgomery Watt, "Muhammad's Mecca", Chapter 3: "Religion In Pre-Islamic Arabia", p. 26-52
6. ^ Maxime Rodinson, "Mohammed", translated by Anne Carter, p. 38-49, 1971
7. ^ Wilson, ibid.
8. ^ Wilson, p. 316
9. ^ Ahmad Dallal, Encyclopedia of the Qur'an, Quran and science
10. ^ The Quran and Modern Science
11. ^ The Quran and Modern Science
12. ^ Campbell, page 184.

References

  • (1993) A Lion Handbook The World's Religion. Lion Publishing plc. ISBN 0-85648-187-4. 
  • Ibrahim, I.A (1997). A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam. Darussalam. ISBN 9960-34-011-2. 

See also

External links

The Qur’ān [1] (Arabic: القرآن
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A Mus'haf (Arabic: مصحف, pronounced "Mus-haf" not "Mu-sh-af") The word refers to a "codex" or a collection of sheets (Sahifa, see below).
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Sura (sometimes spelt "Surah" سورة sūrah
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Ayah (آية ʾāyatun, plural Ayat
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Qur'an reading is the reading (tarteel, tajwid, or taghbir) aloud, reciting, or chanting of portions of the Qur'an.
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Tajwīd (تجويد) is an Arabic word meaning proper pronunciation during recitation, as well as recitation at a moderate speed. It is a set of rules which govern how the Qur'an should be read.
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Tarteel (Arabic: ترتيل) is an Arabic term that is wide in meaning but is commonly translated in reference to the Qur'an as "recitation.
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Manzil (Arabic: منزل; plural manazil, منازل) is the Arabic word for one of seven parts of roughly equal length into which the Qur'an is divided for the
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A juz' (Arabic: جزء, plural اجزاء ajza' ) literally means "part.
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Hizb (Arabic: حزب, plural احزاب ahzab) may stand for:

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Hafith or Hafiz (Arabic: حافظ قرآن or حافظ, plural huffaz
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Qari' (plural qurra'), literally meaning "reader", is a person who recites the Qur'an with the proper rules of recitation (tajweed).
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Rasm is an Arabic term that signifies: drawing, sketch, trace, graph, pictures, outline, pattern, mark, notes, design, regulation, form, rate. When speaking of the Qur'an it stands for the basic 18 letters used in early manuscripts, i.e.
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Translations of the Qur'án are interpretations of the holy book of Islam in languages other than Arabic. Even though translating the Qur'an has been a difficult concept, both theologically and linguistically, Islam's scriptures have been translated into most African, Asian and
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Translations of the Qur'an
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The study of the origins and development of the Qur’an can be said to fall into two major schools of thought, the first being a traditionalist Muslim pious view which argues that the Qur'an is a religious text
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The Madinan suras of the Qur'an are those suras which were revealed at Madina, after Muhammad's hijra from Mecca, when the Muslims were establishing a state rather than being, as at Mecca, an oppressed minority.
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The Meccan suras are the chronologically earlier suras of the Qur'an that were revealed at Mecca. They are typically shorter, with relatively short ayat, and mostly come near the end of the Qur'an.
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A tafsir ( (Arabic: تفسير) tafsīr, Arabic "interpretation") is Qur'anic exegesis or commentary.
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A'as ibn Wa'il is the father of Amr ibn al-A'as.
108
Entire chapter [3]

Banu Sahm

A sub-clan of the Quraish tribe.

Generally

102.1-2
"Engage (your) vying in exuberance, until ye come to the graves." [2].

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Islamic Justice, truth-telling, various virtues and sins the prohibition of perjury in the Qur'an are repeated many times:

Justice

  • And eat up not one another’s property unjustly (in any illegal way e.g.

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Asbāb al-nuzūl اسباب النزول, an Arabic term meaning "occasions/circumstances of revelation", is a secondary genre of Qur'ānic
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Naskh, an Arabic language word usually translated as " abrogation " and alternately appearing as the phrase al-nāsikh wal-mansūkh
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Tahrif (Arabic: تحريف "corruption, forgery"; the stem-II verbal noun of the consonantal root
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Bakkah (Arabic: بكة) is a place mentioned in surah 3:96 of the Qur'an.
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Muqatta`at (Arabic: مقطعات, literally "abbreviated", translated as "abbreviated letters", also called Fawatih (
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An esoteric interpretation of the Qur'an is an interpretation of the Qur’an which includes attribution of esoteric or mystic meanings to the text by the interpreter.
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Qur'an and Sunnah is an often quoted Islamic term regarding the sources of Islam.

Muslims hold that Islam is derived from two sources: one being infallible and containing compressed information — the Qur'an
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Qur'anic literalism is the belief that the verses of the Qur'an should be taken at their apparent meaning, rather than employing any sort of interpretation.
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Female figures in the Qur'an are important characters and subjects of discussion in the stories and morals taught in Islam. Some of the women in the Qu'ran, its holy book, are portrayed in a positive light, while others are condemned for their actions.
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