Roman Curia

Information about Roman Curia

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The palace of the Roman Curia, Vatican City
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The Roman Curia — usually called the Vatican — is the administrative apparatus of the Holy See, coordinating and providing the necessary organization for the correct functioning of the Catholic Church and the achievement of its goals. It is generally considered as representing the international government of the Catholic Church.

Curia in medieval and later Latin usage means "court" in the sense of "royal court" rather than "court of law". The Roman Curia, then, sometimes anglicized as Roman Court, is the Papal Court, and assists the Pope in carrying out his functions. The Roman Curia can also be loosely compared to cabinets in governments of countries with a Western form of governance, though it only includes a Foreign 'ministry' (the Secretary of State), the secular internal affairs being handled by separate institutions of the Vatican City State, unlike the earlier Papal States.

Purpose

"In exercising supreme, full, and immediate power in the universal Church, the Roman pontiff makes use of the departments of the Roman Curia which, therefore, perform their duties in his name and with his authority for the good of the churches and in the service of the sacred pastors."

– Christus Dominus, 9

History

In the Middle Ages

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The modern Roman Curia

The modern Roman Curia was established in the 16th Century by Pope Sixtus V with the bull Immensa Aeterni Dei on 22 January 1588. At first, the Curia had both religious and civil functions, though the latter were greatly transformed in the 19th century when the expansion of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia to include the greater part of Italy included the seizure of most of the Papal States in 1860 and the city of Rome itself in 1870, and hence effectively ended much of the Papacy's temporal power. An agreement was reached on this issue in 1929, when the Holy See concluded the Lateran Treaty with the Italian State, which had since 1919 occupied the whole of the peninsula, plus Sicily and Sardinia. By this act, the Roman Curia gave up any claim to an administrative role in the defunct Papal States, though it has such with regard to the successor Vatican City State, which restored to the papacy the undeniable secular status of Head of State. In practice, the Curia is now mainly dedicated to the support of the Pope's ecclesiastical responsibilities.

In its long and eventful history, it underwent numerous organizational changes. Among its former components are:

Current structure

The following organs or charges, according to the official website of the Holy See ([1]), compose the Curia: It should be noted that it is normal for every Latin Catholic diocese to have a curia in its administration. For the Diocese of Rome, these functions are not handled by the Roman Curia, but by the Vicariate General of His Holiness for the City of Rome, as provided by the Apostolic Constitution Ecclesia in Urbe. The Vicar General of Rome, traditionally a Cardinal, and his deputy the Vicegerent, who holds the personal title of Archbishop, supervise the governance of the diocese by reference to the Pope himself, but with no more dependence on the Roman Curia as such than other Catholic dioceses throughout the world.

Before the reform, there also existed Hereditary Officers of the Roman Curia.

See also

Sources & external links

Holy See

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Politics of the Vatican City

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Holy See

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Holy See

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Anthem
Inno e Marcia Pontificale   (Italian)
Hymn and Pontifical March
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Holy See

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Politics of the Vatican City

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  • Benedict XVI
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Holy See

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Politics of the Vatican City

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  • Benedict XVI
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Holy See

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Politics of the Vatican City

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The Pope (from Latin: papa, father;[1] from Greek πάπας (papas) = father - originally written πάππας (
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Anthem
Inno e Marcia Pontificale   (Italian)
Hymn and Pontifical March
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The Papal States, State(s) of the Church or Pontifical States (in Italian Stato Ecclesiastico, Stato della Chiesa, Stati della Chiesa or Stati Pontificii
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Christus Dominus is the Second Vatican Council's Decree on the Pastoral Office of Bishops. It was approved by a vote of 2,319 to 2 of the assembled bishops and was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on October 28 1965.
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Pope Sixtus V (December 13, 1521 – August 27, 1590), born Felice Peretti, was Pope from 1585 to 1590.

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Peretti was born at Grottammare, in the Marche.
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For specific bulls see List of papal bulls
A Papal bull is a special kind of patent or charter issued by a pope. It is named after the seal (bulla) that was appended to the end to authenticate it.
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For the periodical, see .
The 19th Century (also written XIX century) lasted from 1801 through 1900 in the Gregorian calendar. It is often referred to as the "1800s.
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The Kingdom of Sardinia was a state centred on the island of Sardinia for more than five centuries. It was often combined with extensive territories elsewhere, such as Corsica or Savoy, but Sardinia was always its namesake.
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The Papal States, State(s) of the Church or Pontifical States (in Italian Stato Ecclesiastico, Stato della Chiesa, Stati della Chiesa or Stati Pontificii
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The Pope (from Latin: papa, father;[1] from Greek πάπας (papas) = father - originally written πάππας (
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The temporal power of the Popes describes the political and governmental activity of the Popes of the Roman Catholic Church, as distinguished from their spiritual and pastoral activity, which is also called eternal power, to contrast it with the Church's
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Politics of the Vatican City

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Politics of the Vatican City

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