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Russian Avant-garde

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Lissitzky, Beat the Whites With the Red Wedge, lithograph, 1919
The Russian avant-garde is an umbrella term used to define the large, influential wave of modern art that flourished in Russia from approximately 1890 to 1930 - although some place its beginning as early as 1850 and its end as late as 1960. The term covers many separate, but inextricably related, art movements that occurred at the time; namely Symbolism, neo-primitivism, suprematism, constructivism, and futurism. Given that many of these avant-garde artists were born or grew up in what is a present-date Ukraine (including Kazimir Malevich, Aleksandra Ekster, Vladimir Tatlin, Wassily Kandinsky, David Burliuk, Alexander Archipenko), some sources also talk about Ukrainian avant-garde.

The Russian avant-garde reached its creative and popular height in the period between the Russian Revolution of 1917 and 1932, at which point the ideas of the avant-garde clashed with the newly emerged state-sponsored direction of Socialist Realism. Notable figures from this era include:

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Modern art is a general term used for most of the artistic work from the late 19th century until approximately the 1970s. (Recent art production is more often called Contemporary art or Postmodern art).
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Anthem
Hymn of the Russian Federation


Capital
(and largest city) Moscow

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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1860s  1870s  1880s  - 1890s -  1900s  1910s  1920s
1887 1888 1889 - 1890 - 1891 1892 1893

:
Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1900s  1910s  1920s  - 1930s -  1940s  1950s  1960s
1927 1928 1929 - 1930 - 1931 1932 1933

Year 1930 (MCMXXX
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1820s  1830s  1840s  - 1850s -  1860s  1870s  1880s
1847 1848 1849 - 1850 - 1851 1852 1853

:
Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1930s  1940s  1950s  - 1960s -  1970s  1980s  1990s
1957 1958 1959 - 1960 - 1961 1962 1963

Year 1960 (MCMLX
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An art movement is a tendency or style in art with a specific common philosophy or goal, followed by a group of artists during a restricted period of time, or, at least, with the heyday of the movement more or less strictly so restricted (usually a few months, years or decades).
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Symbolism is the applied use of symbols: iconic representations that carry particular conventional meanings. Usually pictures.

The term "symbolism" is often limited to use in contrast to "representationalism"; defining the general directions of a linear spectrum - where in
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Suprematism is an art movement focused on fundamental geometric forms (squares and circles) which formed in Russia in 1915-1916.

When Kasimir Malevich originated Suprematism in 1915 he was an established painter having exhibited in the Donkey's Tail and the
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Constructivism was an artistic and architectural movement in Russia from 1919 onward (especially present after the October Revolution) which dismissed "pure" art in favour of an art used as an instrument for social purposes, specifically the construction of a socialist system.
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Kazimir Malevich

Self-Portrait, 1912
Birth name Kazimir Severinovich Malevich
February 23, 1878
Kiev, Russian Empire
May 15, 1935
Leningrad, Soviet Union

Painting
Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture

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Alexandra Ekster or Exter (Александра Экстер) (January 6, 1882 - March 17, 1949) was a Russian-Ukrainian painter (Cubo-Futurist, Suprematist, Constructivist), designer, and one
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Vladimir Yevgrafovich Tatlin (Владимир Евграфович Татлин) (December 28 [O.S.
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Wassily Kandinsky

Birth name Wassily Kandinsky
December 16, 1866
Moscow
December 13, 1944
Neuilly-sur-Seine
Russian
Painting
Academy of Fine Arts, Munich
Expressionism; abstract art

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David Davidovich Burliuk (Ukrainian: Давид Давидович Бурлюк; Russian:
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Alexander Porfiryevich Archipenko (also referred to as Olexandr, Oleksandr, or Aleksandr) (May 30, 1887 - February 25, 1964) was a Ukrainian avant-garde artist, sculptor and graphic artist.
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The Russian Revolution (1917) was a series of economic and social upheavals in Russia, involving first the overthrow of the tsarist autocracy, and then the overthrow of the liberal and moderate-socialist Provisional Government, resulting in the establishment of Soviet power under
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1900s  1910s  1920s  - 1930s -  1940s  1950s  1960s
1929 1930 1931 - 1932 - 1933 1934 1935

Year 1932 (MCMXXXII
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Nathan Isaevich Altman (Russian Натан Исаевич Альтман; December 22 [O.S.
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Marc Chagall (Yiddish: מאַרק שאַגאַל‎; Russian: Марк Захарович
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Wladimir Baranoff-Rossine (1888-1944) was a Russian painter, avant-garde artist (Cubo-Futurist).

Biography

Wladimir Baranoff-Rossine was born in Kherson.

In 1902 he studied at the School of the Society for the Furthering of the Arts in St. Petersburg.
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David Davidovich Burliuk (Ukrainian: Давид Давидович Бурлюк; Russian:
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Alexandra Ekster or Exter (Александра Экстер) (January 6, 1882 - March 17, 1949) was a Russian-Ukrainian painter (Cubo-Futurist, Suprematist, Constructivist), designer, and one
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Pavel Nikolayevich Filonov (Russian: Па́вел Никола́евич Фило́нов
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Naum Gabo KBE (August 5 1890 - August 23 1977) was a prominent Russian sculptor in the Constructivism movement and a pioneer of Kinetic Art. After the outbreak of war, he moved first to Copenhagen then Oslo with his older brother Alexei, making his first constructions under the
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Michail Grobman (born Russia, Moscow, 1939. Russian: МИХАИЛ ГРОБМАН, Hebrew: מיכאיל גרובמן
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Natalia Sergeevna Goncharova (Russian: Наталья Сергеевна Гончарова
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Wassily Kandinsky

Birth name Wassily Kandinsky
December 16, 1866
Moscow
December 13, 1944
Neuilly-sur-Seine
Russian
Painting
Academy of Fine Arts, Munich
Expressionism; abstract art

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Ivan Kliun (1870 - 1942) was a Russian painter, Avant-garde artist (Suprematist, Constructivist), graphic artist and sculptor.

Biography

Ivan Vasilyevich Kliun (Kliunkov) was born in 1870 in Bolshie Gorki village (near Kiev).
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