scotch

Information about scotch

For other uses, see Scotch (disambiguation), Scottish (disambiguation), or Scots (disambiguation).


Scotch is an adjective meaning "of Scotland", now usually considered pejorative by Scots. Common contemporary usage is Scottish or Scots, but 'Scotch' is still in contemporary use outside Scotland without being considered archaic or pejorative. Many Scots consider that the word "Scotch" should only be applied to specific products, usually food or drink, such as scotch whisky, scotch pie, scotch broth or scotch eggs.

Decline in usage

The adjective or noun Scotch is an early modern English (16th century) contraction of the English word Scottish which was later adopted into the Scots language. It more or less replaced Scottish as the prevailing term in England. Scots (the modern Scots language form of early Scots Scottis[1]) predominated in Scotland until the 18th century when anglicisation became fashionable and Scotch was used in both England and Scotland.[2] Welch (for Welsh) is a similarly anglicised analogue of Scotch.

From the early 19th century Scots or Scottish increasingly became the preferred usages among educated Scottish people, Scotch being regarded as an anglicised affectation. In modern usage in Scotland, "Scotch" is never used, other than as described in the following paragraph for a short list of articles; it has gathered patronising and faintly offensive connotations ("frugal with one's money"),[3] and a non-Scot who uses the word in conversation with Scots as a description of them may find this a good test of their courtesy. The use of "Scots" and "Scottish" is not altogether consistent; but in many words and phrases one or the other is normally used: there is a certain tendency for "Scottish" to be used in more formal contexts.

In modern current English usage the general term for things from or pertaining to Scotland is Scottish. Scots is used for the Scots language and Scots law, although one increasingly hears it used of people and organisations, especially in newspaper articles. Scotch remains in use only for phrases like Scotch broth, Scotch beef, Scotch egg, etc . One cynical joke is that Scotch can be used only for things which can be bought, such as whisky, eggs and politicians. Scotch terrier was once one of these legacy uses, but has increasingly been replaced with Scottish terrier.

Scotland was one of the first countries in the world to introduce compulsory education for all children in 1872 (England introduced it in 1880). The Scottish school system was placed under a "Scotch Education Department" with offices in London. In 1918, as a result of objections from within Scotland, the department was moved to Edinburgh and renamed the Scottish Education Department. This reflects the linguistic preferences of modern Scotland.

John Kenneth Galbraith in his book The Scotch (Toronto: MacMillan, 1964) documents how the descendants of 19th century pioneers from Scotland who settled in Southwestern Ontario affectionately referred to themselves as Scotch. He states the book was meant to give a true picture of life in the Scotch-Canadian community in the early decades of the 20th century.

See also

Footnotes

1. ^ Inglis was the Early Scots word for English, and the modern form can still be found in surnames and place names as Ingles or Inglis [ɪŋlz] (IPA) e.g. Ingleston or Ingliston etc.
2. ^ See for instance the title of a 1786 poem by Robert Burns, "On a Scotch Bard, Gone to the West Indies" (copy at robertburns.org) (copy at bartleby.com). A 1788 letter by Burns says in part: "Apropos, is not the Scotch phrase Auld lang syne exceedingly expressive? There is an old song and tune which has often thrilled through my soul. You know I am an enthusiast in old Scotch songs." ("Auld Lang Syne" in The Burns Encyclopedia, at robertburns.org) Burns wrote of himself in 1787, "The appellation of a Scotch Bard, is by far my highest pride; to continue to deserve it is my most exalted ambition." ("National Bard, Scotland's", op. cit.)
3. ^ Answers.com definition
Scotch may refer to:

General

  • Scotch, an adjective meaning 'of Scotland'. Scots use Scottish or Scots to describe people, reserving Scotch for inanimate things such as Scotch whisky or Scotch linen.

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Scottish can refer to:
  • (as an adjective) Things to do with Scotland (see also Scotch), Scottish people or the List of famous Scottish people
  • Scottish Gaelic language
  • Scots language
  • Scottish English
  • Scottish Television - (now known as stv

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Scots may refer to:
  • The Scottish people, the inhabitants of Scotland
  • Something from Scotland, i.e., The Scottish nationality
  • Gàidhlig, the Scottish Gaelic language
  • Scots language (also known as "Lowland Scots" to distinguish it from Gàidhlig

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    In grammar, an adjective is a word whose main syntactic role is to modify a noun or pronoun (called the adjective's subject), giving more information about what the noun or pronoun refers to.
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    Motto
    Nemo me impune lacessit   (Latin)
    "No one provokes me with impunity"
    "Cha togar m'fhearg gun dioladh"   
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    A word is a term of derision, or a phrase is pejorative, if it implies contempt or disapproval. The adjective pejorative is synonymous with derogatory, derisive, and dyslogistic.
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    Scotch whisky is whisky made in Scotland. In the United States, it is often referred to as "Scotch". In the UK, the term whisky is usually taken to mean Scotch unless otherwise specified.
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    A Scotch pie is a double-crust pie originating in Scotland but also popular in England. In Scotland the item is known simply as a 'Pie' although in Aberdeen and Dundee it is quite often known as a 'mince pie' to differentiate it from other varieties of savoury pie such as steak
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    Scotch broth is a filling soup, originating in Scotland but now obtainable world wide. Its principal ingredients are usually barley, a cut of beef or lamb, and vegetables such as carrots, turnips or swedes, cabbage and leeks.
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    Scotch egg consists of a cold, hard-boiled egg removed from its shell, wrapped in a sausage meat mixture, coated in breadcrumbs, and deep-fried. The dish was invented by the London food shop Fortnum & Mason, in 1738.
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    Early Modern English}}}
    Language codes
    ISO 639-1: en
    ISO 639-2: —
    ISO 639-3: — Early Modern English refers to the stage of the English language used from about the end of the Middle English period (the latter half of the 15th
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    As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 through 1600.

    See also: 16th century in literature

    Events

    1500s

    • 1500s: Mississippian culture disappears.

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    English}}} 
    Writing system: Latin (English variant) 
    Official status
    Official language of: 53 countries
    Regulated by: no official regulation
    Language codes
    ISO 639-1: en
    ISO 639-2: eng
    ISO 639-3: eng  
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    Scots refers to the Anglic varieties derived from early northern Middle English spoken in parts of Scotland. In Scotland it is sometimes called Lowland Scots or its contraction Lallans
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    Motto
    Dieu et mon droit   (French)
    "God and my right"
    Anthem
    No official anthem specific to England — the anthem of the United Kingdom is "God Save the Queen".
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    Early Scots describes the emerging literary language of the Northern Middle English speaking parts of Scotland in the period before 1450. The northern forms of Middle English descended from Northumbrian Old English.
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    The 18th Century lasted from 1701 through 1800 in the Gregorian calendar.

    Historians sometimes specifically define the 18th Century otherwise for the purposes of their work.
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    Anglicisation or anglicization (see -ise vs -ize) is a process of making something English.[1]

    The term most often refers to the process of altering the pronunciation or spelling of a foreign word when it is borrowed into English.
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    Welsh most commonly refers to:
    • Wales, a nation in the United Kingdom
    • The Welsh language (the ancient, Celtic, indigenous language of Wales)
    • The Welsh people (native to the country of Wales)
    Welsh may also refer to:

    Places
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    For the periodical, see .
    The 19th Century (also written XIX century) lasted from 1801 through 1900 in the Gregorian calendar. It is often referred to as the "1800s.
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    Scotland

    This article is part of the series:
    Politics of Scotland

    Scottish Parliament
    Scottish Executive
    Presiding Officer
    First Minister
    Lord Advocate
    Solicitor General
    Members of Parliament (MSPs)
    Local government
    Elections
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    Scotch broth is a filling soup, originating in Scotland but now obtainable world wide. Its principal ingredients are usually barley, a cut of beef or lamb, and vegetables such as carrots, turnips or swedes, cabbage and leeks.
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    Scotch egg consists of a cold, hard-boiled egg removed from its shell, wrapped in a sausage meat mixture, coated in breadcrumbs, and deep-fried. The dish was invented by the London food shop Fortnum & Mason, in 1738.
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    Scottish Terrier (also known as the Aberdeen Terrier), popularly called the Scottie, is a breed of dog best known for its distinctive profile.

    The Scottish Terrier is one of five breeds of terrier that originated in Scotland.
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    In political geography and international politics, a country is a political division of a geographical entity, a sovereign territory, most commonly associated with the notions of state or nation and government.
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    Please help improve the article by adding information and sources on neglected viewpoints, or by summarizing and use of summary style if it is too long already.
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    18th century - 19th century - 20th century
    1840s  1850s  1860s  - 1870s -  1880s  1890s  1900s
    1869 1870 1871 - 1872 - 1873 1874 1875

    :
    Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -
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    18th century - 19th century - 20th century
    1850s  1860s  1870s  - 1880s -  1890s  1900s  1910s
    1877 1878 1879 - 1880 - 1881 1882 1883

    :
    Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -
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    London
    Canary Wharf is the centre of London's modern office towers
    London shown within England
    Coordinates:
    Sovereign state United Kingdom
    Constituent country England
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