Siege of Rhodes (1480)
Information about Siege of Rhodes (1480)
| Siege of Rhodes | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Ottoman wars in Europe | |||||||
) The 1480 Siege of Rhodes. Ships of the Hospitaliers in the forefront, and Turkish camp in the background. | |||||||
| |||||||
| Combatants | |||||||
| Ottoman Empire | Knights Hospitaller | ||||||
| Commanders | |||||||
| Gedik Ahmed Pasha | Pierre d'Aubusson Antoine d'Aubusson | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 100,000 | 500+ knights 2,000+ soldiers | ||||||
| Casualties | |||||||
| 9,000 | Unknown | ||||||
In 1480 the Knights Hospitaller garrison of Rhodes withstood an attack of the seemingly unstoppable Ottoman Empire.
Preparation
In 1470, the island of Tilos (located between Rhodes and another island, Kos) was evacuated to Rhodes because they were susceptible to attacks from the Ottoman Empire. In 1475, the island of Chalki (6km west of Rhodes, smallest inhabited island of the Dodecanese) was also evacuated to Rhodes for the same reason.Attack
In May 1480 a large Ottoman fleet appeared before Rhodes, carrying an army of some 100,000 men under the command of Gedik Ahmed Pasha or Miseh Pacha. The Knights Hospitaller garrison was led by Grand Master Pierre d'Aubusson.The Knights were reinforced from France by 500 knights and 2,000 soldiers under d'Aubusson's brother Antoine. The siege lasted until August. The Ottomans made three unsuccessful attacks on the City which cost them 9,000 men.
On July 28, 1480, the Ottoman fleet gave up their attempt to capture Rhodes and sailed to try and capture Otranto. However, in 1522 Rhodes was captured by the Ottoman empire.
Gallery
)
Bombard-Mortar of the Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem, Rhodes, 1480-1500. This is the largest known bombard in history. Founded at the request of Pierre d'Aubusson, the bombard was used for close defense of the walls (100-200 meters). It fired 260 kg granite balls. The bombard weighs 3,325 kg. Musée de l'Armée.
)
A view of Rhodes 10 years later.
Bibliography
- Eric Morse, Crusader knights, Turks and Byzantines (Toronto, 2003)
- Erik Svane & Dan Greenberg, Croisade vers la Terre Sainte (Geneva, 2007)
External links
References
The wars of the Ottoman Empire in Europe are also sometimes referred to as the Ottoman Wars or as Turkish Wars, particularly in older, European texts.
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Knights Hospitaller (also known as the Sovereign Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta, Knights of Malta, Knights of Rhodes, and Chevaliers of Malta; French: Ordre des Hospitaliers
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Rhodes
Ρόδο?
Palace of the Grand Master in the city of Rhodes
Geography
Island Chain: Dodecanese
Area:[1] 1,400.684 km (0 sq.mi.
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Ρόδο?
Palace of the Grand Master in the city of Rhodes
Geography
Island Chain: Dodecanese
Area:[1] 1,400.684 km (0 sq.mi.
..... Click the link for more information.
Ottoman Empire or Ottoman Caliphate (1299 to 1922) (Old Ottoman Turkish: دولت عالیه عثمانیه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish:
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Knights Hospitaller (also known as the Sovereign Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta, Knights of Malta, Knights of Rhodes, and Chevaliers of Malta; French: Ordre des Hospitaliers
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Gedik Ahmet Pasha was a distinguished Ottoman grand vizier as well as an army and navy commander during the reigns of sultans Mehmed the Conqueror and Beyazid II.
His background remains largely unknown.
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His background remains largely unknown.
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Pierre d'Aubusson (1423 - June 30 1503) was a Grand Master of the order of St. John of Jerusalem (the Knights Hospitaller) and a zealous opponent of the Ottoman Empire.
Pierre probably joined the Knights of St. John in 1444 or 1445 and then left for Rhodes.
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Pierre probably joined the Knights of St. John in 1444 or 1445 and then left for Rhodes.
..... Click the link for more information.
Knights Hospitaller (also known as the Sovereign Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta, Knights of Malta, Knights of Rhodes, and Chevaliers of Malta; French: Ordre des Hospitaliers
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Rhodes
Ρόδο?
Palace of the Grand Master in the city of Rhodes
Geography
Island Chain: Dodecanese
Area:[1] 1,400.684 km (0 sq.mi.
..... Click the link for more information.
Ρόδο?
Palace of the Grand Master in the city of Rhodes
Geography
Island Chain: Dodecanese
Area:[1] 1,400.684 km (0 sq.mi.
..... Click the link for more information.
Ottoman Empire or Ottoman Caliphate (1299 to 1922) (Old Ottoman Turkish: دولت عالیه عثمانیه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish:
..... Click the link for more information.
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Tilos
Τήλο?
View over Livadhia, the port and main village on Tilos
Geography
Island Chain: Dodecanese
Total Isles: 3
Area:[1] 64.525 km (0 sq.mi.)
Highest Mountain: Mt.
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Τήλο?
View over Livadhia, the port and main village on Tilos
Geography
Island Chain: Dodecanese
Total Isles: 3
Area:[1] 64.525 km (0 sq.mi.)
Highest Mountain: Mt.
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Kos
Κω?
Ruins of an agora in Kos town
Geography
Island Chain: Dodecanese
Area:[1] 290.313 km (0 sq.mi.
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Κω?
Ruins of an agora in Kos town
Geography
Island Chain: Dodecanese
Area:[1] 290.313 km (0 sq.mi.
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Chalki (Halki, Khalki, also Chalce; Greek: Χάλκη) is a Greek island and municipality in the Dodecanese archipelago in the Aegean Sea, some 6 km west of Rhodes. With the area of 28 km² (11 sq. mi.
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Dodecanese (Greek Δωδεκάνησα, Dodekánisa, Turkish Onikiada, both meaning "twelve islands"; Italian Dodecaneso
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Gedik Ahmet Pasha was a distinguished Ottoman grand vizier as well as an army and navy commander during the reigns of sultans Mehmed the Conqueror and Beyazid II.
His background remains largely unknown.
..... Click the link for more information.
His background remains largely unknown.
..... Click the link for more information.
Knights Hospitaller (also known as the Sovereign Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta, Knights of Malta, Knights of Rhodes, and Chevaliers of Malta; French: Ordre des Hospitaliers
..... Click the link for more information.
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Grand Master is the typical title of the supreme head (in some national orders below the Sovereign Head of state) of various orders of knighthood, including military orders, various religious orders, and some sectarian orders such as the Ancient Order of Hibernians and the Orange
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Pierre d'Aubusson (1423 - June 30 1503) was a Grand Master of the order of St. John of Jerusalem (the Knights Hospitaller) and a zealous opponent of the Ottoman Empire.
Pierre probably joined the Knights of St. John in 1444 or 1445 and then left for Rhodes.
..... Click the link for more information.
Pierre probably joined the Knights of St. John in 1444 or 1445 and then left for Rhodes.
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Civilian casualties:
12,000 In 1480 and 1481 the Italian city and fort of Otranto were held by Ottoman troops.
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12,000 In 1480 and 1481 the Italian city and fort of Otranto were held by Ottoman troops.
Attack
On July 28 1480 an Ottoman fleet of between 70 and 200 ships arrived near the Aragonese city of Otranto, in what is now the region Apulia, Italy...... Click the link for more information.
Siege of Rhodes of 1522 was the second and ultimately successful attempt by the Ottoman Empire to expel the Knights of Rhodes from their island stronghold and thereby secure Ottoman control of the Eastern Mediterranean. The first siege in 1480, had been unsuccessful.
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