submandibular ganglion

Information about submandibular ganglion

Nerve:
Distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion. (Submandibular ganglion visible at bottom left, but not labeled.)
Parasympathetic connections of the submaxillary and superior cervical ganglia. (Submaxillary ganglion labeled at center right.)
Latinganglion submandibulare
subject #200 898
Innervatessubmandibular gland, sublingual gland
Dorlands/Elsevier g_02/12385004
The submandibular ganglion (or submaxillary ganglion in older texts) is part of the human autonomic nervous system. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck. (The others are the otic ganglion, pterygopalatine ganglion, and ciliary ganglion).

Function

The submandibular ganglion is responsible for innervation of two salivary glands: the submandibular gland and sublingual gland.

Location and relations

The submandibular ganglion is small and fusiform in shape. It is situated above the deep portion of the submandibular gland, on the hyoglossus muscle, near the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle.

The ganglion 'hangs' by two nerve filaments from the lower border of the lingual nerve (itself a branch of the mandibular nerve, CN V3). It is suspended from the lingual nerve by two filaments, one anterior and one posterior. Through the posterior of these it receives a branch from the chorda tympani nerve which runs in the sheath of the lingual nerve.

Fibers

Like other parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck, the submandibular ganglion is the site of synapse for parasympathetic fibers and carries other types of nerve fiber that do not synapse in the ganglion. In summary, the fibers carried in the ganglion are:

Additional images


Mandibular division of trifacial nerve, seen from the middle line.

Diagram of efferent sympathetic nervous system.


External links

 •  • [ e]
The cranial nerves: trigeminal nerve
V1 - ophthalmiclacrimal • frontal (supratrochlear, supraorbital) • nasociliary (long root of ciliary, long ciliary, infratrochlear, posterior ethmoidal, anterior ethmoidal) • ciliary ganglion (short ciliary)
V2 - maxillarymiddle meningeal • in the pterygopalatine fossa (zygomatic, zygomaticotemporal, zygomaticofacial, sphenopalatine, posterior superior alveolar) in the infraorbital canal/infraorbital nerve (middle superior alveolar, anterior superior alveolar) on the face (inferior palpebral, external nasal, superior labial, infraorbital plexus) • pterygopalatine ganglion (deep petrosal, nerve of pterygoid canal) branches of distribution (greater palatine, lesser palatine, nasopalatine, pharyngeal)
V3 - mandibularmeningeal • medial pterygoid • anterior (masseteric, deep temporal, buccal, lateral pterygoid) posterior (auriculotemporal, lingual, inferior alveolar, mylohyoid, mental) • otic ganglion • submandibular ganglion
 •  • [ e]
Nerves - autonomic nervous system (sympathetic nervous system/ganglion and parasympathetic nervous system/ganglion)
Head/cranialCiliary ganglion (Short ciliary nerves) - Pterygopalatine ganglion (Nerve of pterygoid canal) - Submandibular ganglion - Otic ganglion
Neck/cervicalcervical ganglia: (Superior, Middle, Inferior) - Stellate ganglion
Cavernous plexus - Internal carotid
Chest/thoraxparavertebral: Thoracic ganglia
Cardiac plexus - Thoracic aortic plexus
Thoracic splanchnic nerves - cardiac nerves (Superior, Middle, Inferior)
Abdomen/Lumbarparavertebral: Lumbar ganglia
Celiac plexus - Celiac ganglia (Hepatic, Splenic, Pancreatic) - Aorticorenal (Abdominal aortic plexus, Renal/Suprarenal) - Superior mesenteric (Gastric)
Inferior mesenteric (Spermatic, Ovarian)
hypogastric: Superior hypogastric - Inferior hypogastric (Vesical, Prostatic, Uterovaginal)
enteric nervous system: Meissner's plexus • Auerbach's plexus
Lumbar splanchnic nerves
Pelvis/sacralparavertebral: Sacral ganglia
Ganglion impar
Pelvic splanchnic nerves - Sacral splanchnic nerves
AllSympathetic trunks - Ganglia of sympathetic trunk - Prevertebral ganglia - Rami communicans (White, Gray)
Maxillary is something related to the maxilla bone. It may be:
  • Maxillary artery
  • Maxillary nerve

..... Click the link for more information.
The mandibular nerve (V3) is the largest of the three branches of the trigeminal nerve.

Structure

Roots

It is made up of two roots:
  • a large sensory root proceeding from the inferior angle of the trigeminal ganglion.

..... Click the link for more information.
Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
..... Click the link for more information.
The paired submandibular glands (or submaxillary glands) are salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth. In humans, they account for 70% of the salivary volume.
..... Click the link for more information.
The sublingual glands are salivary glands in the mouth.

They lie anterior to the submandibular gland under the tongue, beneath the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth.

They are drained by 8-20 excretory ducts.
..... Click the link for more information.
Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
..... Click the link for more information.
autonomic nervous system (ANS) (or visceral nervous system) is the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system, maintaining homeostasis in the body. These maintenance activities are primarily performed without conscious control or sensation.
..... Click the link for more information.
Parasympathetic ganglia are the autonomic ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system. Most are small terminal ganglia or intramural ganglia, so named because they lie near or within (respectively) the organs they innervate.
..... Click the link for more information.
The otic ganglion is a small, ovalshaped, flattened parasympathetic ganglion of a reddish-gray color, located immediately below the foramen ovale.

Location and relations


..... Click the link for more information.
The pterygopalatine ganglion (or sphenopalatine ganglion) is a parasympathetic ganglion found in the pterygopalatine fossa.

Structure

The pterygopalatine ganglion (of Meckel), the largest of the parasympathetic ganglia associated with the branches of the trigeminal
..... Click the link for more information.
The ciliary ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located in the posterior orbit. It measures 1- 2 millimeters in diameter and contains approximately 2,500 neurons[1]. Preganglionic axons from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus form synapses with these cells.
..... Click the link for more information.
The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands that produce saliva. In other taxa such as insects, salivary glands are often used to produce biologically important proteins such as silk or glues.
..... Click the link for more information.
The paired submandibular glands (or submaxillary glands) are salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth. In humans, they account for 70% of the salivary volume.
..... Click the link for more information.
The sublingual glands are salivary glands in the mouth.

They lie anterior to the submandibular gland under the tongue, beneath the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth.

They are drained by 8-20 excretory ducts.
..... Click the link for more information.
Fusiform means having a spindle-like shape that is wide in the middle and tapers at both ends.
  • Aneurysms can be classified as saccular or fusiform
  • In botany, a fusiform cell or other plant structure is spindle-like and tapers at both ends

..... Click the link for more information.
The paired submandibular glands (or submaxillary glands) are salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth. In humans, they account for 70% of the salivary volume.
..... Click the link for more information.
The Hyoglossus, thin and quadrilateral, arises from the side of the body and from the whole length of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone, and passes almost vertically upward to enter the side of the tongue, between the Styloglossus and Longitudinalis inferior.
..... Click the link for more information.
The mylohyoid muscle is a muscle running from the mandible to the hyoid bone, forming the floor of the oral cavity.

Structure

The mylohyoid muscle is flat and triangular, and is situated immediately above the anterior belly of the digastric muscle.
..... Click the link for more information.
The lingual nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve (CN V3), itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve. The lingual nerve supplies sensory innervation to the mucous membrane of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
..... Click the link for more information.
The mandibular nerve (V3) is the largest of the three branches of the trigeminal nerve.

Structure

Roots

It is made up of two roots:
  • a large sensory root proceeding from the inferior angle of the trigeminal ganglion.

..... Click the link for more information.
The chorda tympani is a nerve that branches from the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) inside the facial canal, just before the facial nerve exits the skull via the stylomastoid foramen.
..... Click the link for more information.
The internal carotid plexus (carotid plexus) is situated on the lateral side of the internal carotid artery, and in the plexus there occasionally exists a small gangliform swelling, the carotid ganglion, on the under surface of the artery.
..... Click the link for more information.
The facial artery (external maxillary artery in older texts) is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies structures of the face.

Structure

The facial artery arises in the carotid triangle from the external carotid artery a little above the lingual
..... Click the link for more information.
preganglionic fibers.

All preganglionic fibers, whether they are in the sympathetic division or in the parasympathetic division, are cholinergic (that is, these fibers uses acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter).
..... Click the link for more information.
The Superior salivary nucleus (or superior salivatory nucleus) of the facial nerve is a visceromotor cranial nerve nucleus located in the pontine tegmentum.
..... Click the link for more information.
The medulla oblongata is the lower portion of the brainstem.

Location

By anatomical terms of location, it is rostral to the spinal cord and caudal to the pons, which is in turn ventral to the cerebellum.
..... Click the link for more information.
The chorda tympani is a nerve that branches from the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) inside the facial canal, just before the facial nerve exits the skull via the stylomastoid foramen.
..... Click the link for more information.
The lingual nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve (CN V3), itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve. The lingual nerve supplies sensory innervation to the mucous membrane of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
..... Click the link for more information.
postganglionic fibers.

Neurotransmitters

The neurotransmitters used for postganglionic fibers differ:
  • In the parasympathetic division, they are cholinergic (that is, they use acetylcholine as their neurotransmitters.

..... Click the link for more information.
The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane epithelium of the mouth. It can be divided into three categories.
  • Masticatory mucosa - keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, found on the dorsum of the tongue, hard palate and attached gingiva.

..... Click the link for more information.

This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.