Thoracic splanchnic nerves
Information about Thoracic splanchnic nerves
| Nerve: | ||
|---|---|---|
) | ||
| The right sympathetic chain and its connections with the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic plexuses. (Greater and lesser splanchnic nerves labeled at left.) | ||
| Abdominal portion of the sympathetic trunk, with the celiac and hypogastric plexuses. (Greater splanchnic and lowest splanchnic labeled at upper left. Greater splanchnic and lesser splanchnic labeled at upper right.) | ||
| subject #217 981 | ||
| From | thoracic ganglia | |
| MeSH | Splanchnic+Nerves | |
There are three main thoracic splanchnic nerves:
| Name | Ganglia | Description |
| greater[1] | T5-T9[2] or T5-T10[3] | The nerve travels through the diaphragm and enters the abdominal cavity, where its fibers synapse at the celiac ganglia. The nerve contributes to the celiac plexus, a network of nerves located in the vicinity of where the celiac trunk branches from the abdominal aorta. The fibers in this nerve modulate the activity of the enteric nervous system of the foregut. They also provide the sympathetic innervation to the adrenal medulla, stimulating catecholamine release. |
| lesser[4] | T9-T12, T9-T10[4][6], T10-T12, or T10-T11[3] | The nerve travels inferiorly, lateral to the greater splanchnic nerve. Its fibers synapse with their postganglionic counterparts in the celiac ganglia, or in the aorticorenal ganglion. The nerve modulates the activity of the enteric nervous system of the midgut. |
| least or lowest[8] | T12-L2, or T11-T12[9] | The nerve travels into the abdomen, where its fibers synapse in the renal ganglia. |
The nerve's origins can be remembered by the "4-3-2 rule", accounting for the number of ganglia giving rise to each nerve. However, different sources define the nerves in different ways, so this rule may not always be reliable.
Additional images
) Diagram of efferent sympathetic nervous system. | ) Plan of right sympathetic cord and splanchnic nerves. | Thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk. | The celiac ganglia with the sympathetic plexuses of the abdominal viscera radiating from the ganglia. |
Lower half of right sympathetic cord. | ) The relations of the viscera and large vessels of the abdomen. Seen from behind, the last thoracic vertebra being well raised. |
References
1. ^ n_05/12566702 at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
2. ^ -1777991622 at GPnotebook
3. ^ Norman/Georgetown thoraxlesson5
4. ^ n_05/12566712 at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
5. ^
6. ^ 389349435 at GPnotebook
7. ^
8. ^ n_05/12566675 at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
9. ^ 154468411 at GPnotebook
2. ^ -1777991622 at GPnotebook
3. ^ Norman/Georgetown thoraxlesson5
4. ^ n_05/12566712 at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
5. ^
6. ^ 389349435 at GPnotebook
7. ^
8. ^ n_05/12566675 at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
9. ^ 154468411 at GPnotebook
External links
- Thoracic+splanchnic+nerves at eMedicine Dictionary
- SUNY Figs 21:04-07 - "The position of the right and left vagus nerves, and sympathetic trunks in the mediastinum."
- SUNY Labs 40:10-0102 - "Posterior Abdominal Wall: The Celiac Plexus"
- -1274675140 at GPnotebook
- Human anatomy at Dartmouth figures/chapter_30/30-4.HTM
- Human anatomy at Dartmouth figures/chapter_32/32-6.HTM
The thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk typically has 12 thoracic ganglia. Emerging from the ganglia are thoracic splancic nerves (the greater, lesser, and least splanchic nerves) that help provide sympathetic innervation to abdominal structures.
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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The sympathetic trunk (sympathetic chain, gangliated cord) is a bundle of nerve fibers that runs from the base of the skull to the coccyx. There are two sympathetic trunks in the body, a right one and a left one.
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thorax is a division of an animal's body that lies between the head and the abdomen.
In mammals, the thorax is the region of the body formed by the sternum, the thoracic vertebrae and the ribs. It extends from the neck to the diaphragm, not including the upper limbs.
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In mammals, the thorax is the region of the body formed by the sternum, the thoracic vertebrae and the ribs. It extends from the neck to the diaphragm, not including the upper limbs.
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Please discuss this issue on the talk page and read the layout guide to make sure the section will be inclusive of all essential details. This article has been tagged since September 2007.
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preganglionic fibers.
All preganglionic fibers, whether they are in the sympathetic division or in the parasympathetic division, are cholinergic (that is, these fibers uses acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter).
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All preganglionic fibers, whether they are in the sympathetic division or in the parasympathetic division, are cholinergic (that is, these fibers uses acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter).
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The general visceral afferent fibers (or sympathetic afferent fibers), conduct sensory impulses from the viscera through the rami communicantes and posterior roots to the spinal cord.
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diaphragm is a sheet of muscle extending across the bottom of the ribcage. The diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and performs an important function in respiration.
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The Celiac Ganglia (semilunar ganglia) are two large irregularly shaped masses having the appearance of lymph glands and placed one on either side of the middle line in front of the crura of the diaphragm close to the suprarenal glands, that on the right side being placed behind
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The celiac plexus (also known as the solar plexus) is a complex network of nerves (a plexus) located in the abdomen.
The celiac plexus is located near where the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and renal arteries branch from the abdominal aorta.
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The celiac plexus is located near where the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and renal arteries branch from the abdominal aorta.
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The celiac artery, also known as the celiac trunk and also spelled as coeliac, is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta and branches from the aorta around the level of the T12 vertebra in humans.
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The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. As part of the aorta, it is a direct continuation of descending aorta (of the thorax).
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Path
It begins at the level of the diaphragm, crossing it via the aortic hiatus at the vertebral level of T12...... Click the link for more information.
enteric nervous system (ENS) is the part of the nervous system that directly controls the gastrointestinal system. It is capable of autonomous functions such as the coordination of reflexes, although it receives considerable innervation from the autonomic nervous system and
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The foregut is the anterior part of the alimentary canal, from the mouth to the duodenum at the entrance of the bile duct. At this point it is continuous with the midgut. Pain in the foregut is typically referred to the epigastric region, just below the intersection of the ribs.
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adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal gland. It is located at the center of the gland, being surrounded by the adrenal cortex.
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Function
Composed mainly of hormone-producing chromaffin cells, the adrenal medulla is the principal site of the conversion of the amino acid..... Click the link for more information.
Catecholamines are chemical compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine containing catechol and amine groups. Some of them are biogenic amines. Catecholamines are water soluble and are 50% bound to plasma proteins, so they circulate in the bloodstream.
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The Celiac Ganglia (semilunar ganglia) are two large irregularly shaped masses having the appearance of lymph glands and placed one on either side of the middle line in front of the crura of the diaphragm close to the suprarenal glands, that on the right side being placed behind
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aorticorenal ganglion, receives the lesser splanchnic nerve and gives off the greater part of the renal plexus.
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External links
- Human anatomy at Dartmouth figures/chapter_30/30-4.HTM
- Human anatomy at Dartmouth figures/chapter_32/32-6.
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The midgut is the portion of the embryo from which most of the intestines are derived. After it bends around the superior mesenteric artery, it is called the "midgut loop".
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The renal plexus is formed by filaments from the celiac plexus, the aorticorenal ganglion, and the aortic plexus .
It is joined also by the least splanchnic nerve.
The nerves from these sources, fifteen or twenty in number, have a few ganglia developed upon them.
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It is joined also by the least splanchnic nerve.
The nerves from these sources, fifteen or twenty in number, have a few ganglia developed upon them.
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Dorland's is the brand name of several different medical dictionaries and ancillary products, chiefly Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (currently in its 31st edition) and Dorland's Pocket Medical Dictionary (currently in its 27th edition).
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GPnotebook is a British medical database for general practitioners (GPs).[1] It is an online encyclopaedia of medicine that provides an immediate reference resource for clinicians worldwide. The database consists of over 30,000 pages of information.
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Dorland's is the brand name of several different medical dictionaries and ancillary products, chiefly Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (currently in its 31st edition) and Dorland's Pocket Medical Dictionary (currently in its 27th edition).
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
GPnotebook is a British medical database for general practitioners (GPs).[1] It is an online encyclopaedia of medicine that provides an immediate reference resource for clinicians worldwide. The database consists of over 30,000 pages of information.
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