Turkish general election, 1995

Information about Turkish general election, 1995

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Turkey's 13th general election was held on Sunday 24 December 1995, triggered after the newly-reformed Republican People's Party (CHP) withdrew from a coalition with the True Path Party (DYP). The coalition had been in government for four years, having been formed by the Social Democratic People's Party, the CHP's predecessor.

The vote was the first to elect 550 deputies to parliament, its largest size yet. It saw an unprecedented victory for the religious Welfare Party (RP), although it did not deliver an overall majority. The Democratic Left Party (DSP) also made significant gains at the expense of the CHP, which barely crossed the election barrier. The election was also the first time an openly Kurdish party - the People's Democracy Party - contested. It became the leading party in several provinces, but did not produce any MPs after failing far short of the barrier.

Results

Total votes and seats for each party

Parties Votes Seats
No. %  +− % No. +-
Welfare Party (Refah Partisi)6,012,45021.38+4.50158+96
Motherland Party (Anavatan Partisi)5,527,28819.65-4.36132+17
True Path Party (Doğru Yol Partisi)5,396,00919.18-7.85135-43
Democratic Left Party (Demokratik Sol Parti)4,118,02514.46+3.8976+69
Republican People's Party (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi)3,011,07610.71-10.0449-39
Nationalist Movement Party (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi)2,301,3438.180
People's Democracy Party (Halkın Demokrasi Partisi)1,171,6234.170
Independents133,8950.48+0.350
New Democracy Movement (Yeni Demokrasi Hareketi)133.8890.480
Nation Party (Millet Partisi)127.6300.450
Rebirth Party (Yeniden Doğuş Partisi)95.4840.340
Workers' Party (İşÃ§i Partisi)61.4280.220
New Party (Yeni Parti)36.8530.130
No. of valid votes28,126,993100,00 5500
Invalid votes974,476 
Total votes29,101,469
Electorate size34,155,981
Voter turnout96.65%

Effects

Coalition government

Not since before the declaration of the republic had a blatantly religious party emerged as the largest political force in Turkey. There were fears of the secular armed forces refusing to accept the election result, perhaps even launching yet another coup. As a national debate waged, Tansu Çiller's government stayed on, eventually agreeing with Mesut Yılmaz's Motherland Party (ANAP) to form a minority coalition in March 1996, some three months after the election.

The ANAP-DYP coalition was toppled in an RP censure motion in June, forcing President Süleyman Demirel to choose between calling a fresh election or asking RP leader Necmettin Erbakan to form a government. He chose the latter, and the DYP switched allegiances to form Turkey's first Islamist government with the RP in June 1996.

CHP decline

The newly-reformed CHP had withdrawn as junior partner of a four-year coalition with the DYP to contest an election on an agenda that boasted its Kemalist and centre-left history. The gamble turned out to be a disaster; far from returning to government, the CHP became the smallest party in parliament with a loss of nationalist votes to the MHP and left-wing votes to the DSP. The party's unpopularity led to its complete ejection from parliament in the next election.

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Turkish general elections
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Turkish referendums {flagiconnull}}Turkey/th>
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Motto
Yurtta Sulh, Cihanda Sulh
Peace at Home, Peace in the World
Anthem
İstiklâl Marşı
The Anthem of Independence
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Grand National Assembly of Turkey
Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi

Type Unicameral

Speaker Köksal Toptan

Members 550
Political groups Justice and Development Party
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Foreign relations of the Republic of Turkey refers to the policies pursued by the Turkish government in its external relations with the international community. Historically, based on the Western-inspired reforms of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, such policies have placed heavy
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Turkey's formal application to join the European Community—the organization that has since developed into the European Union—was made on 14 April, 1987. Turkey has been a European Union (then the European Economic Community) associate member since 1963.
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The current Constitution of Turkey, ratified in 1982, establishes the organization of the government of the Republic of Turkey and sets out the principles and rules of the state's conduct along with its responsibilities towards its citizens.
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Law enforcement in Turkey is carried out by several departments and agencies, all acting under the command of the Prime Minister of Turkey or mostly the Minister of the Interior.
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