Dynasties of Pharaohs in Ancient Egypt

Predynastic Egypt

Protodynastic Period

Early Dynastic Period

1st 2nd

Old Kingdom

3rd 4th 5th 6th

First Intermediate Period

7th 8th 9th 10th

11th (Thebes only)

Middle Kingdom

11th (''All Egypt)

12th 13th 14th

Second Intermediate Period

15th 16th 17th

New Kingdom

18th 19th 20th

Third Intermediate Period

21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th

First Persian Period

Late Period

28th 29th 30th

Second Persian Period

Graeco-Roman Period

Alexander the Great

Ptolemaic Dynasty

Roman Egypt

Arab Conquest

The twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, twenty-fourth and twenty-fifth dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, Third Intermediate Period.

Rulers

The known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the twenty-fifth dynasty are as follows:

Twenty-Fifth Dynasty

Name	Dates
Alara	780-760
Kashta	–
Piye	c. 752 BC – 721 BC
Shabaka	721 BC – 707 BC
Shebitku	707 BC – 690 BC
Taharqa	690 – 664 BC
Tantamani	664 – 656 BC (died 653 BC)

Piye

The twenty-fifth dynasty originated in Kush (Nubia) presently in north Sudan at the city-state of Napata, whence they invaded and took control of Egypt under Piye (spelled Piankhi in older works). Manetho does not mention either the first king Piye, or the last king Tantamani, although inscriptions exist to attest to the existence of both.

Shebitku

The following chronology follows recent research by Dan'el Kahn^[1] which suggests that Shebitku was king of Egypt by 707/706 BC. This is based on evidence from an inscription of the Assyrian king Sargon II, which was found in modern day Northwestern Iran and dated to 706 BC. This inscription calls Shebitku the king of Melunha, and states that he sent back to Assyria a rebel named Iamanni in handcuffs. Kahn's arguments have been widely accepted by many Egyptologists including Rolf Krauss, and Aidan Dodson^[2] and other scholars at the SCIEM 2000 (Synchronisation of Civilisations of the Eastern Mediterranean in the Second Millennium B.C.) project with the notable exception of Kenneth Kitchen and Manfred Bietak at present.

Taharqa

Starting from the reign of Taharqa onwards, the kings of this dynasty were driven back into Nubia, at first by the Assyrians, then by the kings of the Twenty-Sixth Dynasty. Their successors came to settle in Nubia, where they established a kingdom at Napata (656 - 590 BC) then later at Meroë (590 BC - 4th century AD).

See also

• History of Ancient Egypt
• List of monarchs of Kush

Notes

External links

• (French) Voyage au pays des pharaons noirs Travel in Sudan : pictures and notes on the nubian history