V engine
Information about V engine
A V engine is a common configuration for an internal combustion engine. The pistons are aligned so that they appear to be in a V when viewed along the axis of the crankshaft. The V configuration reduces the overall engine length and weight compared to an equivalent straight engine.
In 1896, Karl Benz patented his design for the first internal combustion engine with horizontally opposed pistons. Usually, each pair of corresponding pistons from each bank of cylinders share one crank pin on the crankshaft, either by master/slave rods or by two ordinary rods side by side. Some authorities even regard this as a distinguishing feature of a true V engine, and for example divide flat engines into boxer engines which do not share crank pins in this way, and 180° engines which do. On the other hand, some important V-twin engine designs have two-pin cranks. However, in German, these engines are all identified as boxermotors.
Various angles of V are used in different engines; depending on the number of cylinders, there may be angles that work better than others for stability. Very narrow angles of V combine some of the advantages of the V engine and the straight engine (primarily in the form of compactness) as well as disadvantages; the concept is an old one pioneered by Lancia, but recently reworked by Volkswagen.
Some V configurations are well-balanced and smooth, while others are less smoothly running than their equivalent straight counterparts. With an optimal angle V16s have even firing and exceptional balance. The crossplane V8 can be balanced with counterweights on the crankshaft. V12s, being in effect two Straight 6 engines married together, always have even firing and exceptional balance regardless of angle. Others, such as the V2, V4, V6, flatplane V8, and V10, show increased vibration and generally require balance shafts.
Certain types of V engine have been built as inverted engines, most commonly for aircraft. Advantages include better visibility in a single-engined airplane, and lower centre of gravity. Examples include World War II German engines produced by Daimler-Benz and Jumo.
It is common for V engines to be described with V# notation, where # is how many cylinders it has:
The V5 engine is a V form engine with five cylinders.
Volkswagen introduced the first V5 engine, though this engine is not a true twin-bank V engine, but rather a VR5, or staggered bank straight five
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A V12 engine is a V engine with 12 cylinders in two banks.
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In 1896, Karl Benz patented his design for the first internal combustion engine with horizontally opposed pistons. Usually, each pair of corresponding pistons from each bank of cylinders share one crank pin on the crankshaft, either by master/slave rods or by two ordinary rods side by side. Some authorities even regard this as a distinguishing feature of a true V engine, and for example divide flat engines into boxer engines which do not share crank pins in this way, and 180° engines which do. On the other hand, some important V-twin engine designs have two-pin cranks. However, in German, these engines are all identified as boxermotors.
Various angles of V are used in different engines; depending on the number of cylinders, there may be angles that work better than others for stability. Very narrow angles of V combine some of the advantages of the V engine and the straight engine (primarily in the form of compactness) as well as disadvantages; the concept is an old one pioneered by Lancia, but recently reworked by Volkswagen.
Some V configurations are well-balanced and smooth, while others are less smoothly running than their equivalent straight counterparts. With an optimal angle V16s have even firing and exceptional balance. The crossplane V8 can be balanced with counterweights on the crankshaft. V12s, being in effect two Straight 6 engines married together, always have even firing and exceptional balance regardless of angle. Others, such as the V2, V4, V6, flatplane V8, and V10, show increased vibration and generally require balance shafts.
Certain types of V engine have been built as inverted engines, most commonly for aircraft. Advantages include better visibility in a single-engined airplane, and lower centre of gravity. Examples include World War II German engines produced by Daimler-Benz and Jumo.
It is common for V engines to be described with V# notation, where # is how many cylinders it has:
See also
- large engine
- H engine
- Straight engine
- W engine
- U engine
- Flat engine
| Piston engine configurations | |
|---|---|
| Straight | Single, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14 |
| Flat | 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16 |
| V | 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24 |
| W | 8, 12, 16, 18 |
| Other inline | H, U, Square, VR, Opposed, X |
| Other | Radial, Rotary, Pistonless (Wankel) |
Engine configuration is an engineering term for the layout of the major components of an internal combustion engine. These components include cylinders, pistons, crankshaft(s) and camshaft(s).
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The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of fuel and an oxidizer (typically air) occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. This exothermic reaction creates gases at high temperature and pressure, which are permitted to expand.
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piston is a rigid, lubricated sliding shaft that fits tightly inside the opening of a cylinder. Its purpose is to change the volume enclosed by the cylinder, to exert a force on a fluid inside the cylinder, to cover and uncover ports, or some combination of these.
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crankshaft, sometimes casually abbreviated to crank, is the part of an engine which translates reciprocating linear piston motion into rotation. It typically connects to a flywheel, to reduce the pulsation characteristic of the four-stroke cycle, and sometimes a torsional
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straight engine (often designated inline engines) is an internal-combustion engine with all cylinders aligned in one row, with no or only minimal offset.
A straight engine is considerably easier to build than an otherwise equivalent horizontally opposed or V engine because
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A straight engine is considerably easier to build than an otherwise equivalent horizontally opposed or V engine because
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1893 1894 1895 - 1896 - 1897 1898 1899
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Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture -
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1860s 1870s 1880s - 1890s - 1900s 1910s 1920s
1893 1894 1895 - 1896 - 1897 1898 1899
:
Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture -
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Karl Friedrich Benz, for whom an alternate French spelling of Carl is used ocassionaly, (November 25, 1844, Karlsruhe, Germany – April 4, 1929, Ladenburg, Germany) was a German engine designer and automobile engineer, generally regarded as the inventor of the
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patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state to a patentee for a fixed period of time in exchange for a disclosure of an invention.
The procedure for granting patents, the requirements placed on the patentee and the extent of the exclusive rights vary widely
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The procedure for granting patents, the requirements placed on the patentee and the extent of the exclusive rights vary widely
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crank pins are the bearing journals of the big end bearings, at the ends of the connecting rods opposite to the pistons. If the engine has a crankshaft, then the crank pins are the journals of the off-centre bearings of the crankshaft.
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flat engine is an internal combustion engine with pistons that are all relatively horizontal. A straight engine canted 90 degrees from straight up is a flat engine, as is one in which the cylinders are arranged in two banks on either side of a single crankshaft.
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flat engine is an internal combustion engine with pistons that are all relatively horizontal. A straight engine canted 90 degrees from straight up is a flat engine, as is one in which the cylinders are arranged in two banks on either side of a single crankshaft.
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V-twin is a two cylinder internal combustion engine where the cylinders are arranged in a V configuration.
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Configurations
True V-twin vs V-2
In a true V-twin engine, for example Harley Davidson engines, the two cylinders share a single crank pin (also known as a..... Click the link for more information.
straight engine (often designated inline engines) is an internal-combustion engine with all cylinders aligned in one row, with no or only minimal offset.
A straight engine is considerably easier to build than an otherwise equivalent horizontally opposed or V engine because
..... Click the link for more information.
A straight engine is considerably easier to build than an otherwise equivalent horizontally opposed or V engine because
..... Click the link for more information.
Lancia Automobiles S.p.A.
Since 1969 a subsidiary of
Fiat S.p.A.
Founded 1906 by Vincenzo Lancia
Headquarters Turin, Italy
Key people Luca di Montezemolo - President
Olivier François - CEO
Industry Automotive
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Since 1969 a subsidiary of
Fiat S.p.A.
Founded 1906 by Vincenzo Lancia
Headquarters Turin, Italy
Key people Luca di Montezemolo - President
Olivier François - CEO
Industry Automotive
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Volkswagen AG
Marque of Volkswagen Group
(ISIN: DE0007664005 )
Founded 1937 by German Auto Association
Headquarters Wolfsburg, Germany
Key people Martin Winterkorn, Chairman of the Board of Management
Industry Automotive
Products Automobile
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Marque of Volkswagen Group
(ISIN: DE0007664005 )
Founded 1937 by German Auto Association
Headquarters Wolfsburg, Germany
Key people Martin Winterkorn, Chairman of the Board of Management
Industry Automotive
Products Automobile
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Engine balance is the design, construction and tuning of an engine to run smoothly. Engine balance reduces vibration and other stresses, and may improve the performance, efficiency, cost of ownership and reliability of the engine, as well as reducing the stress on other machinery
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The crossplane or cross-plane is a crankshaft design for V8 engines with a 90° angle between the cylinder banks.
The crossplane crankshaft has four crankpins, each offset at 90° from the adjacent crankpins.
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The crossplane crankshaft has four crankpins, each offset at 90° from the adjacent crankpins.
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straight-6 (also inline-6, I-6, or I6) is an internal combustion engine with six cylinders aligned in a single row. The name slant-6 is sometimes used when the cylinders are at an angle from the vertical.
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The crossplane or cross-plane is a crankshaft design for V8 engines with a 90° angle between the cylinder banks.
The crossplane crankshaft has four crankpins, each offset at 90° from the adjacent crankpins.
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The crossplane crankshaft has four crankpins, each offset at 90° from the adjacent crankpins.
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balance shaft is an eccentric weighted shaft which offsets vibrations in engine designs that are not inherently balanced (for example, most four-cylinder engines). They were first invented by British engineer Frederick Lanchester in 1904.
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Daimler-Benz AG
Founded
Headquarters Stuttgart, Germany
Daimler-Benz AG was a German manufacturer of automobiles, motor vehicles, and engines which was founded in 1926.
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Founded
Headquarters Stuttgart, Germany
Daimler-Benz AG was a German manufacturer of automobiles, motor vehicles, and engines which was founded in 1926.
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Junkers & Co was a major German aircraft manufacturer. It produced some of the world's most innovative and well known airplanes over the course of its fifty-plus year history in Dessau, Germany.
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V-twin is a two cylinder internal combustion engine where the cylinders are arranged in a V configuration.
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Configurations
True V-twin vs V-2
In a true V-twin engine, for example Harley Davidson engines, the two cylinders share a single crank pin (also known as a..... Click the link for more information.
V4 engine is a V form engine with four cylinders.
Lancia produced several narrow-angle V4 engines from the 1920s through 1960s for cars like the Lambda, Augusta, Artena, Aprilia, Ardea, Appia, and Fulvia. These were a spiritual predecessor for Volkswagen's VR6 family.
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Lancia produced several narrow-angle V4 engines from the 1920s through 1960s for cars like the Lambda, Augusta, Artena, Aprilia, Ardea, Appia, and Fulvia. These were a spiritual predecessor for Volkswagen's VR6 family.
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- For other uses see V5 (disambiguation)
The V5 engine is a V form engine with five cylinders.
Volkswagen introduced the first V5 engine, though this engine is not a true twin-bank V engine, but rather a VR5, or staggered bank straight five
..... Click the link for more information.
V6 engine is a V engine with six cylinders. It is the second most common engine configuration in modern cars after the inline four. It is one of the most compact engine configurations and is well suited to the popular front-wheel drive layout.
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V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders. In its simplest form it is basically two straight-4 engines sharing a common crankshaft. However, this simple configuration has the same secondary dynamic imbalance as two straight-4s, resulting in annoying vibrations in
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A V10 engine is a V engine with 10 cylinders in two banks of five.
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Mechanicals
The V10 configuration is not an inherently balanced design like a straight-6 or V12...... Click the link for more information.
- V12 redirects here. For the V12 Training program, see V-12 Navy College Training Program.
A V12 engine is a V engine with 12 cylinders in two banks.
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A V16 engine is a vee engine with 16 cylinders. Engines of this number of cylinders are not common.
A V16 engine is perfectly balanced regardless of the V angle without requiring counter-rotating balancing shafts which are necessary on large Straight-4 or
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A V16 engine is perfectly balanced regardless of the V angle without requiring counter-rotating balancing shafts which are necessary on large Straight-4 or
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