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Abstract Art

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Kazimir Malevich, Black square 1915


Abstract art is now generally understood to mean art that does not depict objects in the natural world, but instead uses color and form in a non-representational way.[1] In the very early 20th century, the term was more often used to describe art, such as Cubist and Futurist art, that depicts real forms in a simplified or rather reduced way—keeping only an allusion of the original natural subject. Such paintings were often claimed to capture something of the depicted objects' immutable intrinsic qualities rather than its external appearance. (See abstraction.) The more precise terms, "non-figurative art," "non-objective art," and "non-representational art" avoid any possible ambiguity.

History

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Wassily Kandinsky, On White 2, 1923
Non-objective art is not an invention of the 20th century — humans have made non-objective art since they first drew pictures in the dirt. In the Islamic religion the depiction of humans is not allowed, and consequently the Islamic culture developed a high standard of decorative arts. Calligraphy is also a form of non-figurative art. Abstract designs have also existed in Western culture in many contexts. However, Abstract art is distinct from pattern-making in design, since it draws on the distinction between decorative art and fine art, in which a painting is an object of thoughtful contemplation in its own right.

Constructivism (1915) and De Stijl (1917) were parallel movements which took abstraction into the three dimensions of sculpture and architecture. The Constructivists believed that the artist's work was a revolutionary activity, to express the aspirations of the people, using machine production, graphic and photographic means of communication. Some of the American Abstract expressionists are purely abstract and include: Barnett Newman, Mark Rothko, Willem de Kooning, Jackson Pollock, Franz Kline, and Hans Hofmann although they were at times inspired by myth, figuration, architecture, and nature. Op Art (1962) and Minimalism (1965)[2] were two recent idioms. It is, at present, possible that an artist's work is seen as an individual entity rather than part of a movement.

Gallery


Barnett Newman, Onement1

Jackson Pollock, Composition no. 16

Piet Mondrian, Composition No. 10

Theo van Doesburg Counter-Composition V


References

1. ^ Atkins, Robert, Art Spoke: A Guide to Modern Ideas, Movements, and Buzzwords, 1848-1944, Abbeville Press, New York, 1993
2. ^

See also

External links

ART is a three-letter acronym that can mean:

Medicine

Other


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twentieth century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1901 and ended on December 31, 2000, according to the Gregorian calendar. Some historians consider the era from about 1914 to 1991 to be the Short Twentieth Century.
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Cubism was a 20th century art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music and literature. Analytic Cubism,
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Futurism was a 20th century art movement. Although a nascent Futurism can be seen surfacing throughout the very early years of the twentieth century, the 1907 essay Entwurf einer neuen Ästhetik der Tonkunst
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Intrinsic describes a characteristic or property of some thing or action which is essential and specific to that thing or action, and which is wholly independent of any other object, action or consequence. A characteristic which is not essential or inherent is extrinsic.
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Appearance may refer to:
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Abstraction is the process of generalization by reducing the information content of a concept or an observable phenomenon, typically in order to retain only information which is relevant for a particular purpose.
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decorative arts are traditionally defined as ornamental and functional works in ceramic, wood, glass, metal, or textile. The field includes ceramics, furniture, furnishings, interior design, and architecture.
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Calligraphy (from Greek κάλλος kallos "beauty" + γραφή graphẽ
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Western culture or Western civilization is a term used to generally refer to most of the cultures of European origin and most of their descendants. It comprises the broad, geographically based, heritage of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs (such as religious
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Fine art refers to arts that are concerned with a limited number of visual and performing art forms, including painting, sculpture, dance, theatre, architecture and printmaking.
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Constructivism was an artistic and architectural movement in Russia from 1919 onward (especially present after the October Revolution) which dismissed "pure" art in favour of an art used as an instrument for social purposes, specifically the construction of a socialist system.
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De Stijl (in English generally pronounced /də staɪl/ (IPA) after style; from the Dutch for "the style" – Dutch pronunciation: IPA
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Abstract expressionism was an American post-World War II art movement. It was the first specifically American movement to achieve worldwide influence and also the one that put New York City at the center of the art world, a role formerly filled by Paris.
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Barnett Newman (January 29, 1905 – July 4, 1970) was an American artist. He is seen as one of the major figures in abstract expressionism and one of the foremost of the color field painters.

Youth

Newman was born in New York City, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants.
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Mark Rothko born Marcus Rothkowitz (September 25, 1903 – February 25, 1970) was a Latvian-born American painter and printmaker who is classified as an abstract expressionist, although he rejected not only the label but even being an abstract painter.
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Willem de Kooning (April 24, 1904 – March 19, 1997) was an abstract expressionist painter, born in Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Biography

In the post World War II era, De Kooning painted in the style that is referred to as Abstract expressionism, Action painting, and
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Jackson Pollock

Birth name Paul Jackson Pollock
January 28 1912(1912--)
Cody, Wyoming
July 11 1956 (aged 44)
Springs, New York
American
Painter


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Franz Kline (May 23, 1910 – May 13, 1962) was an American painter mainly associated with the Abstract Expressionist painters who were centered, geographically, around New York, and temporally, in the 1940s and 1950s; but not limited to that setting.
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Hans Hofmann (March 21 1880 – February 17 1966) was a German-born American abstract expressionist painter. He was born in Weißenburg, Bavaria on March 21 1880 the son of Theodor and Franziska Hofmann.
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Op art, also known as optical art, is used to describe some paintings and other works of art which use optical illusions. Op art is also referred to as geometric abstraction and hard-edge abstraction, although the preferred term for it is perceptual abstraction.
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Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is stripped down to its most fundamental features. As a specific movement in the arts it is identified with developments in post-World War II Western Art, most
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Barnett Newman (January 29, 1905 – July 4, 1970) was an American artist. He is seen as one of the major figures in abstract expressionism and one of the foremost of the color field painters.

Youth

Newman was born in New York City, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants.
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Jackson Pollock

Birth name Paul Jackson Pollock
January 28 1912(1912--)
Cody, Wyoming
July 11 1956 (aged 44)
Springs, New York
American
Painter


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Pieter Cornelis (Piet) Mondriaan, after 1912 Mondrian, (pronounced: Dutch IPA: [pi:t 'mɔndria:n], later Pete Mon-dree-on, IPA: [pi:t 'mɔndɹiɔn]
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Theo van Doesburg (Utrecht, August 30, 1883 – Davos, March 7, 1931) was a Dutch artist, practicing in painting, writing, poetry and architecture. He is best known as the founder and leader of De Stijl.
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Abstract expressionism was an American post-World War II art movement. It was the first specifically American movement to achieve worldwide influence and also the one that put New York City at the center of the art world, a role formerly filled by Paris.
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Action painting, sometimes called "gestural abstraction", is a style of painting in which paint is spontaneously dribbled, splashed or smeared onto the canvas, rather than being carefully applied.
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De Stijl (in English generally pronounced /də staɪl/ (IPA) after style; from the Dutch for "the style" – Dutch pronunciation: IPA
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Geometric abstraction is a form of abstract art based on the use of simple geometric forms placed in non-illusionistic space and combined into non-objective compositions. Throughout 20th century art historical discourse, critics and artists working within the reductive or pure
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