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Caravanserai

Enlarge picture
A sample floorplan of a Safavid caravanserai.


For an album by Santana, see Caravanserai (album).


A caravanserai (Persian كاروانسرا, Turkish: kervansaray) was a roadside inn where travelers could rest and recover from the day's journey. Caravanserais supported the flow of commerce, information, and people across the network of trade routes covering Asia, North Africa, and South-Eastern Europe.

Most typically it was a building with a square or rectangular walled exterior, with a single portal wide enough to permit large or heavily laden beasts such as camels to enter. The courtyard was almost always open to the sky, and the inside walls of the enclosure were outfitted with a number of identical stalls, bays, niches, or chambers to accommodate merchants and their servants, animals, and merchandise.[1] Caravanserais provided water for human and animal consumption, washing, and ritual ablutions. Sometimes they even had elaborate baths. They also kept fodder for animals and had shops for travellers where they could acquire new supplies. In addition, there could be shops where merchants could dispose of some of their goods.[2]

The word is also rendered as caravansarai and caravansary. It is a Westernization of the Persian word كاروانسرا, which combines caravan (كاروان) with sarayı (سرا) meaning dwelling, palace, or enclosed courts. Caravan itself has come to have a similar meaning in English, where it refers to a group or convoy of soldiers, traders, pilgrims, or other travelers engaged in long distance travel.




Interior of the Caravanserai of Sa'd al-Saltaneh in Qazvin.

Caravanserai of Shah Abbas, now a hotel, in Isfahan. View is from courtyard (sahn).

Caravanserai Sangi in Zanjan.

A caravanserai in Karaj, Iran of Safavid era


References

1. ^ Sims, Eleanor. 1978. Trade and Travel: Markets and Caravanserais.' In: Michell, George. (ed.). 1978. Architecture of the Islamic World - Its History and Social Meaning. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd, 101.
2. ^ Ciolek, T. Matthew. 2004-present. Catalogue of Georeferenced Caravanserais/Khans. Old World Trade Routes (OWTRAD) Project. Canberra: www.ciolek.com - Asia Pacific Research Online.

Websites

Further reading

See also

 •  • [ e]
The architecture of Iran and historical Persia
Elements
Bazaars  The Persian Garden (hayāt)  Windcatchers  Shabestan  Kucheh  Talar  Iwan  Howz  Panjdari  Hashti  Andaruni  Biruni (persian architecture)  Dalan e Vorudi  Qanat  Kariz  Gonbad  Ab anbar  Yakhchal  Caravanserais  Robats  Burj  Khaneqah  Tekyeh  Sahn  Imamzadeh  mosques
Notable traditional cities
History and theory
Lists
Santana (originally the Santana Blues Band) is a flexible number of musicians accompanying Carlos Santana since the late 1960s. Just like Santana himself, the band is known as the one which made Latin rock famous in the rest of the world.
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fɒːɾˈsiː in Perso-Arabic script (Nasta`liq style):  
Pronunciation: [fɒːɾˈsiː]
Spoken in: Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and areas of Uzbekistan and Pakistan.
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Turkish (Türkçe, ] (help info )
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The initials INN may stand for:
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Trade routes are logistical networks identified as a series of pathways and stoppages used for the commercial transport of cargo.[1] Connecting public markets to the producers of finished products, a single trade route contains long distance arteries which may further be
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Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent. It covers 8.6% of the Earth's total surface area (or 29.4% of its land area) and, with almost 4 billion people, it contains more than 60% of the world's current human population.
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North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Africa. Geopolitically, the UN definition of Northern Africa includes the following seven territories:


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Balkans is the historic and geographic name used to describe a region of southeastern Europe. The region has a combined area of 550,000 km² and an approximate population of 55 million people.
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Camelus
Linnaeus, 1758

Species

Camelus bactrianus
Camelus dromedarius
Camelus gigas (fossil)
Camelus hesternus (fossil)
Camelus sivalensis (fossil)

Camels
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stall is a small enclosure of some kind, usually less enclosed than a room.

Market stall

A market stall is usually an immobile temporary structure erected by merchants to display and shelter their merchandise.
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fodder or animal feed is any foodstuff that is used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, including cattle, goats, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs. Most animal feed is from plants but some fodder is of animal origin.
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Westernization is a process whereby non-western societies come under the influence of "Western culture" in such matters as industry, technology, law, politics, economics, lifestyle, diet, language, alphabet, religion or values.
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fɒːɾˈsiː in Perso-Arabic script (Nasta`liq style):  
Pronunciation: [fɒːɾˈsiː]
Spoken in: Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and areas of Uzbekistan and Pakistan.
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The Caravanserai of Sa'd al-Saltaneh (سعد السلطنه) is a large Caravanserai located in the city of Qazvin in Qazvin Province of Iran.
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Qazvin
قزوی?
Shazdeh Hosein shrine

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Isfahan
Naghsh-i Jahan Square, Isfahan.

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The name Zanjan may mean one of the following subdivisions in the country of Iran:
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Karaj
كر?


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Anthem
Sorūd-e Mellī-e Īrān ²


Capital
(and largest city) Tehran

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Encyclopædia Iranica
Author 1200 named contributors.
Editor in chief:
Ehsan Yarshater
Translator None
Country United States of America
Language English
Subject(s) Iranistics and Greater Iran studies
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Islamic architecture has encompassed a wide range of both secular and religious styles from the foundation of Islam to the present day, influencing the design and construction of buildings and structures within the sphere of Islamic culture.
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Ottoman architecture is the architecture of the Ottoman Empire which emerged in Bursa and Edirne in 14th and 15th centuries. The architecture of the empire developed from the earlier Seljuk architecture and was heavily influenced by the Iranian, and to a larger extent, Byzantine
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Architecture in "Greater Iran" has a continuous history from at least 5000BCE to the present, with characteristic examples distributed over a vast area from Syria to North India and the borders of China, from the Caucasus to Zanzibar.
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Anthem
Sorūd-e Mellī-e Īrān ²


Capital
(and largest city) Tehran

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Architecture in "Greater Iran" has a continuous history from at least 5000BCE to the present, with characteristic examples distributed over a vast area from Syria to North India and the borders of China, from the Caucasus to Zanzibar.
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bazaar (Persian: بازار) is a permanent merchandising area, marketplace, or street of shops where goods and services are exchanged or sold.
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Persian Garden (Persian باغ ایرانی) refers to a tradition and style of garden design which originated in Persia and which influenced the design of gardens throughout the larger region.
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This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject.
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Shabestan or Shabistan is an underground space that can be usually found in traditional architecture of mosques, houses, and schools in ancient Persia (Iran).

These spaces were usually used during summers and could be ventilated by windcatchers and qanats.
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In traditional Persian architecture, a Kucheh (کوچه), is a narrow especially designed alley. Also transliterated Koocheh, remnants of it are still seen in modern Iran and regional countries.
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