flexor digitorum superficialis muscle

Information about flexor digitorum superficialis muscle

Flexor digitorum superficialis
Transverse section across distal ends of radius and ulna. (Flexor dig. subliminis labeled at center top.)
Latinmusculus flexor digitorum superficialis
subject #125 448
Origin:median epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon) as well as parts of the radius and ulna.
Insertion:phalanges
Artery:ulnar artery
Nerve:median nerve
Action:flexor of fingers (primarily at proximal interphalangeal joints)
Antagonist:Extensor digitorum muscle
Dorlands/Elsevier m_22/12549098
Flexor digitorum superficialis (flexor digitorum sublimis) is an extrinsic flexor muscle of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints. The bulk of the muscle is in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm.

Origin and Insertion

The muscle has two classically described heads - the humeroulnar and radial - and it is between these heads that the median nerve and ulnar artery pass.

Four long tendons come off this muscle near the wrist and travel through the carpal tunnel formed by the flexor retinaculum. These tendons, along with those of flexor digitorum profundus, are enclosed by a common flexor sheath. The tendons attach to the anterior margins on the bases of the middle phalanges of the four fingers. These tendons have a split (Camper's Chiasm) at the end of them through which the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus pass.

Function

The primary function of flexor digitorum superficialis is flexion of the middle phalanges of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints, however under continued action it also flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and wrist joint.

To test flexor digitorum superficialis, one finger is flexed at the proximal interphalangeal joint against resistance, while the remaining three fingers are held fully extended (to inactive flexor digitorum profundus).

Additional images


Bones of left forearm. Anterior aspect.

Bones of the left hand. Volar surface.

Tendons of forefinger and vincula tendina.

Cross-section through the middle of the forearm.

Transverse section across the wrist and digits.

The mucous sheaths of the tendons on the front of the wrist and digits.

The muscles of the thumb.

The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface.

The radial and ulnar arteries.


External links

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Muscles of upper limbs
VERTEBRAL COLUMNtrapezius - latissimus dorsi - rhomboid major - rhomboid minor - levator scapulae
THORACIC WALLSpectoralis major - pectoralis minor - subclavius - serratus anterior
SHOULDERdeltoid - rotator cuff (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis) - teres major
ARManterior compartment: coracobrachialis - biceps brachii - brachialis
posterior compartment: triceps brachii - anconeus
FOREARManterior compartment: super. - pronator teres - palmaris longus - flexor carpi radialis - flexor carpi ulnaris - flexor digitorum superficialis - deep - pronator quadratus - flexor digitorum profundus - flexor pollicis longus
posterior compartment: super. - mobile wad (brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis) - extensor digitorum, - extensor digiti minimi - extensor carpi ulnaris - deep - supinator - anatomical snuff box (abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus) - extensor indicis
HANDlateral volar - thenar (opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis)
medial volar - palmaris brevis - hypothenar (abductor minimi digiti, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi)
intermediate - lumbrical - dorsal interossei - palmar interossei
In classical geometry, a radius (plural: radii) of a circle or sphere is any line segment from its center to its perimeter. By extension, the radius of a circle or sphere is the length of any such segment. The radius is half the diameter.
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The ulna (elbow bone) is a long bone, prismatic in form, placed at the medial side of the forearm, parallel with the radius.

Articulations

The ulna articulates with:
  • the humerus, at the right side elbow as a hinge joint.

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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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bold refer to the diagram at right.)

In the skull (8):
  • 1-9. cranium
  • 7. mandible
''In the middle ears (6):
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
In the throat (1):
  • hyoid
In the shoulder girdle (4):
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Medial epicondyle can refer to:
  • Medial epicondyle of the humerus (ventral epicondyle in birds)
  • Medial epicondyle of the femur

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The humerus is a long bone in the arm or fore-legs (animals) that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. On a skeleton, it fits between the scapula and the ulna. It consists of the following three sections:
  • Upper extremity of humerus
  • Body of humerus

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common flexor tendon is a tendon shared by a number of superficial flexor muscles in the forearm. It attaches to the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

It serves as the origin (in part) for a number of muscles (the superficial muscles of the anterior compartment of the
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The radius is the bone of the forearm that extends from the outside of the limb to the phlangx (lateral) of the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist. The radius is situated on the lateral side of the ulna, which exceeds it in length and size.
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The ulna (elbow bone) is a long bone, prismatic in form, placed at the medial side of the forearm, parallel with the radius.

Articulations

The ulna articulates with:
  • the humerus, at the right side elbow as a hinge joint.

..... Click the link for more information.
bold refer to the diagram at right.)

In the skull (8):
  • 1-9. cranium
  • 7. mandible
''In the middle ears (6):
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
In the throat (1):
  • hyoid
In the shoulder girdle (4):
..... Click the link for more information.
Phalanges is commonly given to the bones that form fingers and toes. In primates such as humans and monkeys, the thumb and big toe have two phalanges, while the other fingers and toes consist of three. Phalanges are classified as long bones.
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Arteries are muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.[1] All arteries, with the exception of the pulmonary and umbilical arteries, carry oxygenated blood.

The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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The ulnar artery is the main blood vessel, with oxygenated blood, of the medial aspect of the forearm. It arises from the brachial artery and terminates in the superficial palmar arch, which joins with the superficial branch of the radial artery.
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  • Accessory nerve
  • Accessory obturator nerve
  • Alderman's nerve
  • Anococcygeal nerve
  • Ansa cervicalis
  • Anterior interosseous nerve
  • Anterior superior alveolar nerve
  • Aortic plexus
  • Auerbach's plexus
  • Auriculotemporal nerve
  • Axillary nerve

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The median nerve is a nerve that runs down the arm and forearm. It is one of the five main nerves originating from the brachial plexus.

The median nerve is formed from parts of the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus, and continues down the arm to enter the
..... Click the link for more information.
Kinesiology is the scientific study of the anatomy, physiology, and mechanics of body movement, especially in humans. [1] The word kinesiology is derived the Greek "kinesis" (motion) + the suffix -ology or -logy from the greek "logos" or "logia"(meaning a field of study).
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flexion is a position that is made possible by the joint angle decreasing. The skeletal (bones, cartilage, and ligaments) and muscular (muscles and tendons) systems work together to move the joint into a "flexed" position.
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A finger is a type of digit, an organ of manipulation and sensation found in the hands of humans and other primates. Normally humans have five digits on each hand (exceptions are polydactyly, hypodactyly and digit loss).
..... Click the link for more information.
The interphalangeal articulations of hand are hinge-joints of the phalanges of the hand. There are two sets (except in the thumb):
  • "proximal interphalangeal joints" (PIP), those between the first (also called proximal) and second (intermediate) phalanges

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An antagonist is a kind of muscle that acts in opposition to the movement generated by the agonist and is responsible for returning a limb to its initial position.

Antagonistic pairs in houses

These antagonistic muscles are found in pairs called antagonistic pairs.
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The Extensor digitorum (Extensor digitorum communis) arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, by the common tendon; from the intermuscular septa between it and the adjacent muscles, and from the antebrachial fascia.
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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MUSCLE (multiple sequence comparison by log-expectation) is public domain, multiple sequence alignment software for protein and nucleotide sequences.
..... Click the link for more information.
A finger is a type of digit, an organ of manipulation and sensation found in the hands of humans and other primates. Normally humans have five digits on each hand (exceptions are polydactyly, hypodactyly and digit loss).
..... Click the link for more information.
The interphalangeal articulations of hand are hinge-joints of the phalanges of the hand. There are two sets (except in the thumb):
  • "proximal interphalangeal joints" (PIP), those between the first (also called proximal) and second (intermediate) phalanges

..... Click the link for more information.
The anterior compartment of the forearm contains the following muscles:

Level Muscle E/I Nerve
superficial flexor carpi radialis E median
superficial palmaris longus E median
superficial flexor carpi ulnaris E ulnar
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The median nerve is a nerve that runs down the arm and forearm. It is one of the five main nerves originating from the brachial plexus.

The median nerve is formed from parts of the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus, and continues down the arm to enter the
..... Click the link for more information.
The ulnar artery is the main blood vessel, with oxygenated blood, of the medial aspect of the forearm. It arises from the brachial artery and terminates in the superficial palmar arch, which joins with the superficial branch of the radial artery.
..... Click the link for more information.
A tendon (or sinew) is a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone and is built to withstand tension. Tendons are similar to ligaments except that ligaments join one bone to another.
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carpal tunnel is the space between this sheath (above) and the bones (below) making up the wrist and hand (carpal bones).

Contents

  • Median nerve
  • Tendons of the following muscles (not the muscles themselves):

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