iliacus muscle

Information about iliacus muscle

Iliacus muscle
The iliacus and nearby muscles
Right hip bone. Internal surface. (Iliac fossa visible at upper left.)
Latinmusculus iliacus
subject #127 467
Origin:iliac fossa
Insertion:lesser trochanter of femur
Artery:medial femoral circumflex artery, Iliolumbar artery
Nerve:femoral nerve
Action:flexes and rotates laterally thigh
Antagonist:Gluteus maximus
Dorlands/Elsevier m_22/12549271
The Iliacus is a flat, triangular muscle, which fills the iliac fossa.

It arises from the upper two-thirds of this fossa, and from the inner lip of the iliac crest; behind, from the anterior sacroiliac and the iliolumbar ligaments, and base of the sacrum; in front, it reaches as far as the anterior superior iliac spine and anterior inferior iliac spine, and the notch between them.

The fibers converge to be inserted into the lateral side of the tendon of the Psoas major, which contributes to flexing the femur anteriorly onto the pelvis. Some of the iliacus fibers may reach the body of the femur, for about 2.5 cm. below and in front of the lesser trochanter.

The Iliacus is sometimes considered a part of the Iliopsoas group of hip flexor muscles.

This muscle is innervated by the anterior branches of the Femoral nerve (anterior branches of L2-3).

Additional images


Sacrum, pelvic surface.

Right femur. Posterior surface.

Structures surrounding right hip-joint.



Muscles of the iliac and anterior femoral regions.

The abdominal aorta and its branches.

Structures passing behind the inguinal ligament.





The relations of the femoral and abdominal inguinal rings, seen from within the abdomen. Right side.

The lumbar plexus and its branches

Nerves of the right lower extremity. Front view.





Sacral plexus of the right side.

Posterior view of the anterior abdominal wall in its lower half. The peritoneum is in place, and the various cords are shining through.


External links

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
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Muscles of lower limbs
ILIAC REGION/ILIOPSOASpsoas major - psoas minor - iliacus
BUTTOCKSgluteals: (maximus, medius, minimus) - tensor fasciae latae
lateral rotator group: piriformis - obturator externus - obturator internus - inferior gemellus - superior gemellus - quadratus femoris
THIGHanterior compartment: sartorius - quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis) - articularis genu
medial compartment/adductor: gracilis - pectineus - adductor brevis - adductor longus - adductor magnus
posterior compartment/hamstring: biceps femoris - semitendinosus, semimembranosus
LEGanterior compartment: tibialis anterior - extensor hallucis longus - extensor digitorum longus - fibularis tertius
posterior compartment: superficial - calf/triceps surae (gastrocnemius, soleus) - plantaris deep - popliteus - tarsal tunnel (flexor hallucis longus - flexor digitorum longus - tibialis posterior)
lateral compartment: fibularis muscles (longus - brevis)
FOOTdorsal - extensor digitorum brevis - extensor hallucis brevis
plantar first layer - abductor hallucis - flexor digitorum brevis - abductor digiti minimi
plantar second layer - quadratus plantae - lumbrical muscle
plantar third layer - flexor hallucis brevis - adductor hallucis - flexor digiti minimi brevis
plantar fourth layer - dorsal interossei - plantar interossei
The hip bone (or innominate bone) is a large, flattened, irregularly shaped bone, constricted in the center and expanded above and below. It is one of the few ball and socket synovial joints in the body.
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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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bold refer to the diagram at right.)

In the skull (8):
  • 1-9. cranium
  • 7. mandible
''In the middle ears (6):
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
In the throat (1):
  • hyoid
In the shoulder girdle (4):
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The iliac fossa is a large, smooth, concave surface on the internal surface of the ilium (part of the hip bone). The fossa is bounded above by the crest, and below by the arcuate line; in front and behind, by the anterior and posterior borders.
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bold refer to the diagram at right.)

In the skull (8):
  • 1-9. cranium
  • 7. mandible
''In the middle ears (6):
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
In the throat (1):
  • hyoid
In the shoulder girdle (4):
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The lesser trochanter (small trochanter) of the femur is a conical eminence, which varies in size in different subjects

It projects from the lower and back part of the base of the neck.
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The femur or thigh bone is the longest, most voluminous, and strongest bone of mammalian bodies. It forms part of the hip and part of the knee.

The word femur is Latin for thigh.
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Arteries are muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.[1] All arteries, with the exception of the pulmonary and umbilical arteries, carry oxygenated blood.

The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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The medial circumflex femoral artery (internal circumflex artery, medial femoral circumflex artery) is an artery in the upper thigh that helps supply blood to the neck of the femur.
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The iliolumbar artery is a branch of the posterior trunk of the internal iliac artery.

Course

The iliolumbar artery turns upward behind the obturator nerve and the external iliac artery and vein, to the medial border of the psoas major, behind which it divides into a
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  • Accessory nerve
  • Accessory obturator nerve
  • Alderman's nerve
  • Anococcygeal nerve
  • Ansa cervicalis
  • Anterior interosseous nerve
  • Anterior superior alveolar nerve
  • Aortic plexus
  • Auerbach's plexus
  • Auriculotemporal nerve
  • Axillary nerve

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The femoral nerve, the largest branch of the lumbar plexus, arises from the dorsal divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves. It descends through the fibers of the Psoas major, emerging from the muscle at the lower part of its lateral border, and passes down between
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Kinesiology is the scientific study of the anatomy, physiology, and mechanics of body movement, especially in humans. [1] The word kinesiology is derived the Greek "kinesis" (motion) + the suffix -ology or -logy from the greek "logos" or "logia"(meaning a field of study).
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flexion is a position that is made possible by the joint angle decreasing. The skeletal (bones, cartilage, and ligaments) and muscular (muscles and tendons) systems work together to move the joint into a "flexed" position.
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External rotation (or lateral rotation) is rotation away from the center of the body.

The muscles of external rotation include:
  • of arm/humerus at shoulder[1]

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In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and buttocks and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the lower limb.

The single bone in the thigh is called the femur.
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An antagonist is a kind of muscle that acts in opposition to the movement generated by the agonist and is responsible for returning a limb to its initial position.

Antagonistic pairs in houses

These antagonistic muscles are found in pairs called antagonistic pairs.
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The gluteus maximus is the largest and most superficial of the three gluteal muscles. It makes up a large portion of the shape and appearance of the buttocks.

It is a broad and thick fleshy mass of a quadrilateral shape, and forms the prominence of the nates.
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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The iliac fossa is a large, smooth, concave surface on the internal surface of the ilium (part of the hip bone). The fossa is bounded above by the crest, and below by the arcuate line; in front and behind, by the anterior and posterior borders.
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The crest of the ilium (or iliac crest) is convex in its general outline but is sinuously curved, being concave inward in front, concave outward behind.

It is thinner at the center than at the extremities, and ends in the anterior and posterior superior iliac spines.
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The sacroiliac joint is the joint between the sacrum, at the base of the spine, and the ilium of the pelvis, which are joined by ligaments. It is a strong, weightbearing synovial joint with irregular elevations and depressions that produce interlocking of the bones.
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The iliolumbar ligament is attached above to the lower and front part of the transverse process of the fifth lumbar vertebra.

It radiates as it passes lateralward and is attached by two main bands to the pelvis.
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The sacrum is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine and at the upper and back part of the pelvic cavity, where it is inserted like a wedge between the two hip bones.
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The anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is an important landmark of surface anatomy. It refers to the anterior extremity of the iliac crest of the pelvis, which provides attachment for the inguinal ligament and the sartorius muscle.
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anterior inferior iliac spine, which ends in the upper lip of the acetabulum.

It gives attachment to the straight tendon of the Rectus femoris and to the iliofemoral ligament of the hip-joint.
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The Psoas major is a long fusiform muscle placed on the side of the lumbar region of the vertebral column and brim of the lesser pelvis.

Location

Origin

It arises:

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The femur or thigh bone is the longest, most voluminous, and strongest bone of mammalian bodies. It forms part of the hip and part of the knee.

The word femur is Latin for thigh.
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The lesser trochanter (small trochanter) of the femur is a conical eminence, which varies in size in different subjects

It projects from the lower and back part of the base of the neck.
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The term Iliopsoas refers to the combination of three muscles:
  • psoas major
  • psoas minor
  • iliacus
These muscles are distinct in the abdomen, but in the thigh, they are usually indistinguishable, and so in that context, they are usually given a common name.
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