legislative

Information about legislative

Legislature
This series is part of
the Politics series
[ edit]
A legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to adopt laws.

Legislatures are known by many names, the most common being parliament and congress, although these terms also have more specific meanings. The main job of the legislature is to make laws. In parliamentary systems of government, the legislature is formally supreme and appoints the executive. In presidential systems of government, the legislature is considered a power branch which is equal to, and independent of, the executive. In addition to enacting laws, legislatures usually have exclusive authority to raise taxes and adopt the budget and other money bills.

Chambers

The primary components of a legislature are one or more chambers or houses: assemblies that debate and vote upon bills. A legislature with only one house is called unicameral. A bicameral legislature possesses two separate chambers, usually described as an upper house and a lower house, which often differ in duties, powers, and the methods used for the selection of members. Much rarer have been tricameral legislatures; the most recent existed in the waning years of white-minority rule in South Africa.

In most parliamentary systems, the lower house is the more powerful house while the upper house is merely a chamber of advice or review.

However, in presidential systems, the powers of the two houses are often similar or equal. In federations it is typical for the upper house to represent the component states. For this purpose the upper house may either contain the delegates of state governments, as is the case in Germany and was the case in the United States before 1913, or be elected according to a formula that grants equal representation to states with smaller populations, as is the case in Australia and the modern United States.

List of titles of legislatures

Enlarge picture
     Nations with bicameral legislatures.     Nations with unicameral legislatures.     No legislature.

National

Sub-National

Regional

See also

 •  • [ e]
Law -
Legal subjectsConstitutional and Administrative law Criminal law Contract Tort Property Trusts and Equity Public international law Conflict of laws Supranational law
Further disciplinesLabour law Human rights Procedure Evidence Immigration law Family law Wills Commercial law Corporate law Intellectual property Unjust enrichment Restitution Tax law Banking law Competition law Consumer protection Environmental law Admiralty law Military law Product liability
Legal systemsCommon law Civil law Religious law Socialist law Comparative law
Legal theoryHistory of law Philosophy of law Economic analysis of law Sociology of law
Legal institutionsJudiciary Legislature Executive Military and Police Bureaucracy Legal profession Civil society
Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions. Although the term is generally applied to behavior within civil governments, politics is observed in all human group interactions, including corporate, academic, and religious
..... Click the link for more information.
This is a list of legislatures by country, whether parliamentary or congressional, that act as a plenary general assembly of representatives with the power to legislate. In the lists below all entities included in the list of countries are included.
..... Click the link for more information.
parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system modelled after that of the United Kingdom. The name is derived from the French parlement, the action of parler (to speak): a parlement
..... Click the link for more information.
A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. In many countries the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a unique title, such as senate, and thus also have unique titles for its
..... Click the link for more information.
Parliamentary group and parliamentary party are terms used to refer to the representation of a political party or electoral fusion of parties in a legislative assembly such as a parliament or in a city council.
..... Click the link for more information.
The chairperson of a fraction is in parliamentary system with strong party discipline an influential political post. When the party is in opposition or a minor partner in a governing coalition he or she is often the political leader of a party and often the main media contact.
..... Click the link for more information.
In politics, a congress ("a gathering of people") is the name of the main legislative body in a state that operates under a congressional system of government. In non-political usage congress is a term applied to a large national or international grouping of people meeting together
..... Click the link for more information.
worldwide view.


A Congressman or Congresswoman is a politician who is a member of a Congress. In countries with a parliament rather than a congress, MP (Member of Parliament) is used instead; however, this can be adapted (see below).
..... Click the link for more information.
Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber. Many countries with unicameral legislatures are often small and homogeneous unitary states and consider an upper house or second chamber unnecessary.
..... Click the link for more information.
bicameralism (bi + Latin camera, chamber) is the practice of having two legislative or parliamentary chambers. Thus, a bicameral parliament or bicameral legislature is a legislature which consists of two chambers or houses.
..... Click the link for more information.
Tricameralism is the practice of having three legislative or parliamentary chambers. It is contrasted to unicameralism and bicameralism, both of which are far more common.
..... Click the link for more information.
Many parliaments or other legislatures consist of two chambers: an elected lower house, and an upper house or Senate which may be appointed or elected by a different mechanism from the lower house. This style of two houses is called bicameral.
..... Click the link for more information.
upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house.

Possible specific characteristics

An upper house is usually distinct from the lower house in at least one of the following respects:

..... Click the link for more information.
senate is a deliberative body, often the upper house or chamber of a legislature. There have been many such bodies in history, the first of which was the Roman Senate.

Overview

The word senate is derived from the Latin word senatus
..... Click the link for more information.
lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house.

Despite its theoretical position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide the lower house has come to wield more power.
..... Click the link for more information.
red and orange—the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, and the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state.
..... Click the link for more information.
worldwide view of the subject.
Please [ improve this article] or discuss the issue on the talk page.
A city council is a form of local government, usually covering a city or other urban area, such as a town.
..... Click the link for more information.
councillor (Cllr or Clr for short) is a member of a council (such as a city council), particularly in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and other parts of the Commonwealth, as well as in the Republic of Ireland.
..... Click the link for more information.
A deliberative assembly is an organization, comprising of members, that uses a parliamentary procedure for making decisions.

The following are common types of deliberative assemblies:
  • The Mass Meeting
  • The Local Assembly of an Organized Society

..... Click the link for more information.
LAW may refer to:
  • Lightweight Anti-tank Weapon, like the M72 LAW (US Army) and the LAW 80 (British Army)
  • Palestinian Society for the Protection of Human Rights (also known as LAW)
  • League of American Bicyclists, formerly known as the League of American Wheelmen

..... Click the link for more information.
red and orange—the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, and the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state.
..... Click the link for more information.
government is a body that has the power to make and the authority to enforce rules and laws within a civil, corporate, religious, academic, or other organization or group.[1]
..... Click the link for more information.
Appointment may refer to a number of things, including the following:
  • An appointment is a time reserved for something such as a doctor visit, much like a reservation.

..... Click the link for more information.
In political science and constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the state. In many countries, it is referred to simply as the government, but this usage can be confusing in an international context.
..... Click the link for more information.
A presidential system, also called a congressional system, is a system of government where an executive branch exists and presides (hence the term) separately from the legislature, to which it is not accountable and which cannot in normal circumstances dismiss it.
..... Click the link for more information.
worldwide view of the subject.
Please [ improve this article] or discuss the issue on the talk page.
An Act of Parliament or Act is law by the parliament (see legislation).
..... Click the link for more information.
Economic policy
Monetary policy
Central bank   Money supply
Fiscal policy
Spending   Deficit   Debt
Trade policy
Tariff   Trade agreement

Finance
Financial market
Financial market participants
..... Click the link for more information.
For the rental car company, see .


Budget (from french bougette) generally refers to a list of all planned expenses and revenues. A budget is an important concept in microeconomics, which uses a budget line to illustrate the trade-offs
..... Click the link for more information.
In the Westminster system, a money bill or supply bill is a bill that solely concerns taxation or government spending (also known as appropriation of money), as opposed to changes in public law.
..... Click the link for more information.
University Parliamentary Debating
World Universities Debating Championship
Regional Championships
Asia Australasia Europe
John Smith Memorial Mace North America
National Championships
Australia Canada Ireland

..... Click the link for more information.

This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.