Information about totara

Tōtara

Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Pinophyta
Class:	Pinopsida
Order:	Pinales
Family:	Podocarpaceae
Genus:	Podocarpus
Species:	*P. totara*

Binomial name

Podocarpus totara
G.Benn. ex D.Don

Podocarpus totara (tōtara) is a species of podocarp endemic to New Zealand. It grows throughout the North Island and northeastern South Island in lowland, montane and lower subalpine forest at 0-480(-600) m elevation.

Description

The tōtara is a medium to large tree which grows slowly to around 20 to 25 m, exceptionally to 35 m; it is noted for its longevity and the great girth of its trunk. The bark peels off in papery flakes, with a purplish to golden brown hue. The sharp, dull green needle-like leaves are stiff and leathery, 2 cm long. This plant produces highly modified cones with 2 to 4 fused, fleshy berry-like juicy scales, bright red when mature. The cone contains one or two rounded seeds at the apex of the scales. The wood is hard and straight-grained and very resistant to rot. Due to its durability, tōtara wood was often used for fence posts, floor pilings and railway sleepers. It is also prized for its carving properties, and was the primary wood used in Māori carving.

Related trees

In a classic example of Antarctic flora species-pair the tōtara is very closely related to Podocarpus nubigenus from South America, to the extent that if planted together, they are very difficult to distinguish. The best distinction is the grey-green tone of the leaves, compared to the slightly brighter green of P. nubigenus.

Images


Receptacle and seed of tōtara	The reddish-grey bark of the tōtara is thick, corky, furrowed and stringy

References

Conifer Specialist Group (1998). Podocarpus totara. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 12 May 2006.
New Zealand Plant Conservation Network, URL:Podocarpus totara. Accessed 6 June 2007.

conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing the conservation status of a species: not simply the number remaining, but the
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Least Concern (LC) is an IUCN category assigned to extant species or lower taxa which have been evaluated but do not qualify for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, nor Near Threatened, nor (prior to 2001) Conservation Dependent.
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Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Plantae
Haeckel, 1866^[1]

Divisions

Green algae

Chlorophyta
Charophyta

Land plants (embryophytes)

Non-vascular land plants (bryophytes)

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Pinophyta

Class: Pinopsida

Orders & Families

Cordaitales †
Pinales
  Pinaceae - Pine family
  Araucariaceae - Araucaria family
  Podocarpaceae - Yellow-wood family
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Pinales

Families

Pinaceae, pine family
Araucariaceae, araucaria family
Podocarpaceae, yellow-wood family
Sciadopityaceae, umbrella-pine family
Cupressaceae, cypress family
Cephalotaxaceae, plum-yew family
Taxaceae, yew family
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Podocarpaceae
Endl.

Genera

Acmopyle
Afrocarpus
Dacrycarpus
Dacrydium
Falcatifolium
Halocarpus
Lagarostrobos
Lepidothamnus
Manoao
Microcachrys
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Podocarpus
Labill.

Species

105 species (Farjon 1998); see list

Podocarpus is a genus of conifers, the most numerous and widely distributed of the podocarp family Podocarpaceae.
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binomial nomenclature is the formal system of naming species. The system is also called binominal nomenclature (particularly in zoological circles), binary nomenclature (particularly in botanical circles), or the binomial classification system.
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David Don (21 December 1799 - 15 December 1841) was an English botanist, Professor of Botany at King's College London from 1836–1841, and librarian at the Linnean Society of London from 1822–1841.
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endemic, it is unique to its own place or region; it is found only there, and not found naturally anywhere else. The place must be a discrete geographical unit, often an island or island group, but sometimes a country, habitat type, or other defined area or zone.
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Anthem
"God Defend New Zealand"
"God Save the Queen"¹

Capital Wellington

Largest city Auckland
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North Island<nowiki />

Geography
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Location New Zealand <nowiki /> <nowiki /> <nowiki /> <nowiki />
Area 113,729 km²<nowiki />
Highest point
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South Island<nowiki />

Satellite view of South Island

Geography
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Location New Zealand <nowiki /> <nowiki /> <nowiki /> <nowiki />
Area
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1 metre =
SI units
1000 mm 0 cm
US customary / Imperial units
0 ft 0 in

The metre or meter^[1](symbol: m) is the fundamental unit of length in the International System of Units (SI).
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tree is a perennial woody plant. It is sometimes defined as a woody plant that attains diameter of 10 cm (30 cm girth) or more at breast height (130 cm above ground).
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BARK (Binär Aritmetisk Relä-Kalkylator, Swedish for "Binary Arithmetic Relay Calculator") was completed in February 1950 at a cost of 400.000 Swedish kronor. BARK was a 32-bit machine and could perform addition in 150 ms and multiplication in 250 ms.
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leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat (laminar) and thin, to expose the cells containing chloroplast (chlorenchyma tissue, a type of parenchyma) to light over a broad area, and to allow light to penetrate
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1 centimetre =
SI units
010⁻³ m 0 mm
US customary / Imperial units
010⁻³ ft 0 in

A centimetre (American spelling: centimeter, symbol cm
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cone (in formal botanical usage: strobilus, plural strobili) is an organ on plants in the division Pinophyta (conifers) that contains the reproductive structures. The familiar woody cone is the female cone, which produces seeds.
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For other meanings of seed, see seed (disambiguation).

SEED

General
KISA
1998

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128 bits

Block size(s):| 128 bits
Nested Feistel network
16

SEED
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The WOOD callsign may refer to:

WOOD-TV – an NBC-affiliated television station in Grand Rapids, Michigan
WOOD (AM) – an AM radio station in Grand Rapids, Michigan
WOOD-FM - an FM radio station in Grand Rapids, Michigan

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The Antarctic flora is a distinct community of vascular plants which evolved millions of years ago on the supercontinent of Gondwana, and is now found on several separate areas of the Southern Hemisphere, including southern South America, southernmost Africa, New Zealand, Australia
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P. nubigenus

Binomial name
Podocarpus nubigenus
Lindl.

Podocarpus nubigenus is a species of podocarp, endemic to the Valdivian temperate rain forests of southern Chile and adjacent
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South America is a continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie
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IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), created in 1963, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species.
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