wrist

Information about wrist

For the municipality in Germany, see Wrist, Germany.


wrist joint
A human wrist.
Latinarticulatio radiocarpalis
subject #86 327
MeSH Wrist+joint
Dorlands/Elsevier a_64/12161475
In human anatomy, the wrist is the flexible and narrower connection between the forearm and the palm. The wrist is essentially a double row of small short bones, called carpals, intertwined to form a malleable hinge.

The wrist-joint (articulatio radiocarpea) is a condyloid articulation allowing three degrees of freedom.

Structure of joint

The parts forming it are the lower end of the radius and under surface of the articular disk above; and the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetral bones below.

The articular surface of the radius and the under surface of the articular disk form together a transversely elliptical concave surface, the receiving cavity.

The superior articular surfaces of the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum form a smooth convex surface, the condyle, which is received into the concavity.

The bones of the wrist can be easily remembered by the Acronym SLTPTTCH - Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle. These represent the bones in order of proximal row lateral to medial and then distal row lateral to medial: Scaphoid Lunate Triqetrium Pisiform Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate

Pathology

Due to its complexity, wrist injuries and dysfunctions are difficult to treat. With the dawn of the computer age, wrist and hand pain became the most common complaint involving the upper extremity. Hand and wrist injuries have a major economic impact through health care costs and workers' compensation claims.

A study of workers' compensation claims in Washington state from 1987 to 1995 demonstrated a higher incidence rate than any other musculoskeletal condition related to an industrial injury claim, and the average claim was around $7,500.[1]

Ligaments

The joint is surrounded by a capsule, strengthened by the following ligaments: The synovial membrane lines the deep surfaces of the ligaments above described, extending from the margin of the lower end of the radius and articular disk above to the margins of the articular surfaces of the carpal bones below. It is loose and lax, and presents numerous folds, especially behind.

Radiocarpal and midcarpal joints

The wrist usually refers to the "radiocarpal joint". However, the midcarpal joint, though not a true joint[2], is closely associated with many of the same actions. It represents the boundary between the two rows of bones in the carpus.

Movements

The movements permitted in this joint are flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction. They are studied with those of the carpus, with which they are combined.

See also

Additional images


Right Human Posterior Distal Radius, Ulna, Carpals

Right Human Anterior Distal Radius, Ulna, Carpals

Carpus

Ligaments of wrist. Anterior view

Ligaments of wrist. Posterior view.


References

1. ^ Silverstein B, Welp E, Nelson N, Kalat J (1998). "Claims incidence of work-related disorders of the upper extremities: Washington state, 1987 through 1995.". Am J Public Health 88 (12): 1827-33. PMID 9842381. 
2. ^ Hand kinesiology at UK bone/midartic.html

External links

 •  • [ e]
Joints and ligaments of upper limbs
Shouldersternoclavicular: anterior sternoclavicular - posterior sternoclavicular - interclavicular - costoclavicular acromioclavicular: acromioclavicular - coracoclavicular (trapezoid, conoid) - coracoacromial - superior transverse scapular - inferior transverse of scapula glenohumeral: coracohumeral - glenohumeral (superior, middle, and inferior) - transverse humeral - glenoid labrum
Elbowproximal radioulnar, humeroradial, humeroulnar: ulnar collateral - radial collateral - annular - oblique cord
Forearmdistal radioulnar: volar radioulnar - dorsal radioulnar
wrist/radiocarpal: palmar radiocarpal - dorsal radiocarpal - ulnar collateral - radial collateral
Handintercarpal, midcarpal: pisohamate ligament - pisometacarpal ligament carpometacarpal: dorsal carpometacarpal - palmar carpometacarpal intermetacarpal: deep transverse metacarpal - superficial transverse metacarpal metacarpophalangeal, interphalangeal
 •  • [ e]
Human anatomical features
HEAD: Skull - Forehead – Eye – Ear – Nose – Mouth – Tongue – Teeth – Jaw – Face – Cheek – Chin NECK: Throat - Larynx – Adam's apple TORSO: Shoulders – Spine – Breast – Chest – Ribcage – Abdomen – Navel
:Sex organs (Clitoris/Vagina/Ovary/Uterus/Penis/Scrotum/Testicle) – Hip – Anus – Buttocks
LIMBS: Arm – Elbow – Forearm – Wrist – Hand – Finger (Thumb/Index/Middle/Ring/Little) – Leg – Lap – Thigh – Knee – Calf – Heel – Ankle – Foot – Toe (Hallux) SKIN: Hair
Wrist is a municipality in the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.


..... Click the link for more information.
Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
..... Click the link for more information.
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
..... Click the link for more information.
Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
..... Click the link for more information.
Human anatomy is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body.[1] It is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy.[1]
..... Click the link for more information.
For the firearm component, see .
The forearm is the structure on the upper limb, between the elbow and the wrist.[1]. This term is used in anatomy to distinguish it from the arm (or upper arm).
..... Click the link for more information.
Palm or Palms may refer to:
  • The central region of the front of the hand
  • Arecaceae or palm tree, a family of flowering plants belonging to the monocot order Arecales
  • Sago palm or Cycas revoluta

..... Click the link for more information.
short bones, as in the carpus and tarsus. Short bones are defined as being approximately as wide as they are tall.

These consist of cancellous tissue covered by a thin crust of compact substance.
..... Click the link for more information.
carpus is the cluster of bones in the hand between the radius and ulna and the metacarpus. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers, whereas those of the metacarpus do. The joint between the radius and ulna and the carpus is called the wrist.
..... Click the link for more information.
In a condyloid joint (condyloid articulation, ellipsoidal joint) an ovoid articular surface, or condyle, is received into an elliptical cavity in such a manner as to permit of flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction, but no axial rotation.
..... Click the link for more information.
The radius is the bone of the forearm that extends from the outside of the limb to the phlangx (lateral) of the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist. The radius is situated on the lateral side of the ulna, which exceeds it in length and size.
..... Click the link for more information.
The scaphoid bone (hand navicular) of the wrist is found on the thumb side of the hand, within the anatomical snuffbox. It is known as the "navicular" in older texts, from its fancied resemblance to a boat.
..... Click the link for more information.
The lunate bone (semilunar bone) is a bone in the human hand that may be distinguished by its deep concavity and crescentic outline. It is situated in the center of the proximal row of the carpus, or wrist, between the scaphoid and triangular bone.
..... Click the link for more information.
The triquetral bone (also called triquetrum bone, cuneiform bone, pyramidal bone, cubital bone, three-cornered bone, and triangular bone
..... Click the link for more information.
articular disk (or disc) is a thin, oval plate of fibrocartilage present in several joints which separates synovial cavities. This separation of the cavity space allows for separate movements to occur in each space.
..... Click the link for more information.
Condyle L. fr. G. kondylos, knuckle, the knuckle of any joint, a round projection, rounded articular area (ex. condyles of the femur) one of the markings/features of bones, can refer to:
  • Lateral condyle
  • Medial condyle

..... Click the link for more information.
The of this article or section may be compromised by "weasel words".
You can help Wikipedia by removing weasel words.
This article may be too long.
Please discuss this issue on the talk page and help summarize or split the content into subarticles of an article
..... Click the link for more information.
Workers' compensation (colloquially known as workers' comp in North American English or compo in Australian English) provides insurance to cover medical care and compensation for employees who are injured in the course of employment, in exchange for mandatory
..... Click the link for more information.
Editing of this page by unregistered or newly registered users is currently disabled due to vandalism.
If you are prevented from editing this page, and you wish to make a change, please discuss changes on the talk page, request unprotection, log in, or .
..... Click the link for more information.
In anatomy, the term ligament is used to denote three different types of structures:[1]
  1. Fibrous tissue that connects bones to other bones. They are sometimes called "articular ligaments"[2], "fibrous ligaments", or "true ligaments".

..... Click the link for more information.
The palmar radiocarpal ligament (anterior ligament, volar radiocarpal ligament)) is a broad membranous band, attached above to the anterior margin of the lower end of the radius, to its styloid process, and to the front of the lower end of the ulna; its fibers pass
..... Click the link for more information.
The dorsal radiocarpal ligament (posterior ligament) less thick and strong than the volar, is attached, above, to the posterior border of the lower end of the radius; its fibers are directed obliquely downward and medialward, and are fixed, below, to the dorsal surfaces of
..... Click the link for more information.
The ulnar collateral ligament (internal lateral ligament, ulnar carpal collateral ligament) is a rounded cord, attached above to the end of the styloid process of the ulna, and dividing below into two fasciculi, one of which is attached to the medial side of the
..... Click the link for more information.
The radial collateral carpal ligament attaches to the styloid process of the radius and the radial side of the scaphoid bone.


..... Click the link for more information.
Synovium is the soft tissue that lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within joints with cavities (synovial joints). The word synovium comes from a Latin word meaning "with egg," because the synovial fluid in joints that have a cavity between the bearing surfaces is like egg white.
..... Click the link for more information.
midcarpal joint, and is made up of three distinct portions: in the center the head of the capitate and the superior surface of the hamate articulate with the deep cup-shaped cavity formed by the navicular and lunate, and constitute a sort of ball-and-socket joint.
..... Click the link for more information.
carpus is the cluster of bones in the hand between the radius and ulna and the metacarpus. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers, whereas those of the metacarpus do. The joint between the radius and ulna and the carpus is called the wrist.
..... Click the link for more information.
flexion is a position that is made possible by the joint angle decreasing. The skeletal (bones, cartilage, and ligaments) and muscular (muscles and tendons) systems work together to move the joint into a "flexed" position.
..... Click the link for more information.
Extension may refer to:
  • Extension (kinesiology), a movement of a joint in which one part of the body is moved away from another.
  • Extension (metaphysics), the property of taking up space
  • Extension (semantics), the set of things to which a property applied

..... Click the link for more information.
Adduction is a movement which brings a limb - arm or leg - closer to the sagittal plane of the body. It is opposed to abduction.

This term is also used when one speaks about the operation of the muscle in anatomy or musculature.
..... Click the link for more information.

This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.